How China’s current energy pricing mechanisms will impact its marginal carbon abatement costs?

Economic and social costs and benefits are critical factors affecting greenhouse gas abatement activities. Recognizing that energy prices are one of the most important factors influencing abatement costs, this study improved the basic China Energy and Environmental Policy Analysis (CEEPA) model by introducing a current energy pricing mechanism for China. The improved model was applied to generate marginal abatement cost (MAC) curves for China including the current energy pricing mechanism and to analyze MACs for the whole country and main abatement sectors in China under different energy pricing mechanisms. The results show that China MACs are sensitive to pricing mechanisms for electricity and refined oil. Ignoring the current regulation of these prices will lead to MAC underestimation, and price liberalization of these two energy sources could lead to a decrease in China MACs. Under a 50 % emission reduction target, if the electricity price regulation is ignored, the China MAC is underestimated by almost 16 %. Energy pricing reforms will lead to variations in sectoral abatement costs and overall abatement potential, and these impacts are projected to be large in the electricity sector. Under a 50 % reduction target, if the electricity price regulation is liberalized, MAC for the electricity sector nearly will decrease 50 %.     

7A52铝合金干湿交替情况下电偶腐蚀行为研究

目的研究海洋环境下7A52铝合金在干湿周浸使用过程中的电偶腐蚀现象。方法实验配制3.5%的Na Cl水溶液浸泡试样,实验周期为504 h,全浸试样作为对比试样,在实验周期内一直浸泡在Na Cl水溶液中。测试试样干湿周浸情况下7A52与5A06,38Cr Si之间的电偶电流及电偶电压,使用SEM分析腐蚀后的表面形貌。结果 7A52-5A06干湿周浸试样电偶电流变化不大,全浸试样电偶电流较初期变化较大,后期电偶电流的大小只有初期电偶电流大小的1/8左右,7A52-38Cr Si全浸试样与干湿交替情况下电偶电流基本相同。随着试验的进行,干湿交替及全浸情况下电偶电流的差异逐渐变大,电偶电流增大约为实验初期的10倍;全浸情况下试样表面腐蚀产物较致密,干湿周浸情况下腐蚀产物较为疏松。结论在3.5%的Na Cl水溶液干湿周浸情况下,7A52-5A06,7A52-38Cr Si的平均电偶腐蚀速度要大于全浸状态下的平均电偶腐蚀速度,干湿周浸情况下,7A52-5A06,7A52-38Cr Si腐蚀后试样表面形态具有较大差异,5A06在相同实验条件下的耐腐蚀性要好于7A52。     

春季东海营养盐跨陆架输运通量的初步估算

利用2011年5月的调查资料,分析了春季东海营养盐分布特征。受长江冲淡水影响,表层长江口附近营养盐浓度较高; 外海受黑潮表层水的影响营养盐浓度较低。计算并分析了跨200 m等深线的营养盐输运通量,结果表明黑潮在台湾东北部和九州岛西南部入侵陆架并将营养盐输运到陆架上,中段(26°N~29°N)则是营养盐向外输运。春季黑潮跨过200 m等深线向东海陆架的体积输运净通量为0.44 Sv,DIN、PO₄-P、SiO₃-Si通量分别为8.93 kmol/s、0.46 kmol/s、8.22 kmol/s。春季通过台湾海峡的营养盐DIN、PO₄-P、SiO₃-Si通量分别为6.65 kmol/s、0.41 kmol/s、6.52 kmol/s。表明春季台湾暖流对东海陆架海域营养盐的贡献与黑潮的贡献相当。     

焦化废水中酚降解菌及其降解基因的研究

酚类化合物是焦化废水的主要污染物,微生物降解在废水处理中起着主要作用.为获得焦化废水活性污泥中主要降解菌,本研究通过富集与平板涂布对某焦化公司的2个活性污泥中的降解菌进行了分离鉴定.通过BOX-PCR和16S rDNA序列分析去除重复菌株后,共获得分属于20个属的28个种的28株细菌,它们主要为变形菌纲β和γ亚群,其中4株菌可能是潜在的新种.间甲酚富集后筛选得到2株高效降解菌株Pseudomonas monteilii GCS-AE-J-1 和Pseudomonas plecoglossicida GCS-AN-J-3;前者在48 h内对791 mg/L间甲酚的降解率达到94.6%,而后者对763mg/L间甲酚的降解率也达到了92.2%.通过PCR从菌株GCS-AE-14、 GCS-AE-J-1、GCS-AN-J-3和GCS-AN-3得到了苯酚羟化酶基因序列.本研究所获得的降解菌新颖多样,在工业焦化废水的处理中可能起着重要作用,有进一步研究开发的价值.     

纳滤膜去除卡马西平的影响因素研究

主要研究了纳滤膜去除饮用水中卡马西平(CBZ)的影响因素.首先比较了膜NF270和NF90去除CBZ的效果,发现孔径较小的NF90对CBZ的去除效果远优于孔径较大的NF270.其次考察了CBZ初始浓度、pH值、离子强度和水温对去除率的影响.结果表明,pH值的降低,钙离子浓度的提高以及水温的提高会导致CBZ去除率的降低....     

铬污染土壤的导电性、频谱激电性和介电特性的实验结果

研究了铬污染土壤的导电性、激电性和介电性,给出了在不同含水率、不同浓度铬盐污染物的情况下,铬污染土壤样品的电阻率、复电阻率和复介电常数与污染物浓度及含水率变化关系的一些实验观测结果.土样中的观测结果表明,所有污染样品的电阻率、复电阻率幅值均随污染浓度和含水率的增加而减小;但对反映土壤样品容性的复电阻率相位参数而言,则有...     

浙江龙游某食道癌高发区的地质环境分析

本研究采用排除法、对比法和追源法,在对浙江龙游某食道癌高发区的癌症发病情况系统调查的基础上,开展了涵盖地质背景、土壤理化条件、土壤地球化学以及饮用水源等多方面的调查研究工作.经调查发现,病区土壤母质为白垩纪模环凹陷湖沼相沉积物,与低发区相比,高发区土壤质地粘重,有机质含量高,饮用水中亚硝酸盆、氨氮、硝酸盐超标率达80%...     

Microwave enhanced stabilization of copper in artificially contaminated soil

Microwave processing was used to stabilize copper ions in soil samples. Its effects on the stabilization efficiency were studied as a function of additive, microwave power, process time, and reaction atmosphere. The stabilization efficiency of the microwave process was evaluated based on the results of the toxicity characteristic leaching procedure (TCLP) test. The results showed that the optimal experimental condition contained a 700W microwave power, 20 min process time and 3 iron wires as the additive, and that the highest stabilization efficiency level was more than 70%. In addition, the different reaction atmospheres showed no apparent effect on the stabilization efficiency of copper in the artificially contaminated soil. According to the result of the Tessier sequential extraction, the partial species of copper in the contaminated soil was deduced to transform from unstable species to stable states after the microwave process.     

慢速渗滤土地处理法去除污水中污染物的效率研究

本文就不同水质、不同水量、不同作物对慢速渗滤系统中污染物去除效率进行了探讨.通过该法与其它土地处理法和人工常规二级、三级污水处理技术对污染物去除率的比较,表明慢速渗滤土地处理法效果更好.     

三向风标数据采集及处理系统的研究

本文报告三向风标数据采集及处理系统的研究成果。概述系统的基本工作原理及其基本结构组成。对风速数据处理方法,工作软件的编程技术以及数据处理结果报表的内容作简要说明。