连云港近岸海域2011~2016年环境变化研究

依据2011年2月~2016年1月在连云港近岸海域进行的19个季节航次海洋环境综合调查结果,分析探讨了该海域主要海水要素的季节变化趋势和相关性,结合历史资料阐述和评价了海域的营养状态水平、环境质量现状及变化趋势,对存在的环境问题进行了分析.结果表明：研究海域水质状况总体良好;水质评价结果显示无机氮（DIN）是海域内最主要的环境污染因子,且DIN含量近年来有逐渐增加的趋势,年均值已经超过二类海水水质标准;此外其他环境污染因子是活性磷酸盐（DIP）、化学需氧量（COD）和油类.调查期间研究海域处于富营养化状态,潜在富营养化分析显示氮磷比值（N/P）有逐渐增加的趋势;绝大多数季节的有机污染状况为轻度污染状态.研究结论对科学、系统的认识和评估连云港近海生态环境现状及预测未来生态环境变化趋势具有重要的参考价值,对连云港近海海洋生态环境的可持续发展具有十分重要的科学意义和实际应用价值     

Development of a model to simulate soil heavy metals lateral migration quantity based on SWAT in Huanjiang watershed, China

Lateral transportation of soil heavy metals in rainfall events could significantly increase the scope of pollution. Therefore, it is necessary to develop a model with high accuracy to simulate the migration quantity of heavy metals. A model for heavy metal migration simulation was developed based on the SWAT(Soil and Water Assessment Tool) model. This model took into consideration the influence of soil p H value, soil particle size, runoff volume, sediment amount,concentration of water-soluble heavy metals dissolved in runoff and insoluble absorbed to the soil particles. This model was reasonable in Huanjiang watershed, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, south China, covering an area of 273 km~2. The optimal drainage area threshold was determined by analyzing the effects of watershed subdivision on the simulation results to ensure the simulation accuracy. The main conclusions of this paper were:(1) watershed subdivision could affect simulation migration quantity of heavy metals;(2) the quantity of heavy metals transported by sediment accounted for 97%–99% of the total migration quantity in the study watershed. Therefore, sediment played the most important role in heavy metal migration;(3) the optimal drainage area threshold percentage to ensure high simulation accuracy was determined to be 2.01% of the total watershed;(4) with the optimal threshold percentage, this model could simulate the migration quantity of As, Pb and Cd accurately at the total watershed and subwatershed level. The results of this paper were useful for identifying the key regions with heavy metal migration.     

Chemical looping with oxygen uncoupling: an advanced biomass combustion technology to avoid CO2 emissions

Mitigation and Adaptation Strategies for Global Change - Bioenergy with carbon dioxide (CO2) capture and storage (BECCS) technologies represent an interesting option to reach negative carbon...     

微波法处理含铬废渣的可行性分析

微波辐照解毒铬渣是一项新技术，为考察该技术应用的可行性，本文对铬渣解毒前后性状的变化进行了讨论。结果表明，该技术能较完全地使高价铬转化为低价铬，解毒渣中铬主要以三价形态存在，铬渣毒性得到消除；解毒渣浸出液中Cr^6＋浓度远低于国家危险废物鉴别标准，解毒渣已不属于危险固体废弃物，其在环境条件下可安全存放。说明该技术具有应用前景。     

螺旋藻开发对程海水质的影响及对策

螺旋藻废水主要来源于采藻废水、报废培养基、池子冲洗水三部分，采藻废水占７０％以上，废水中主要污染物为总磷、氨氮、ＢＯＤ５、ｐＨ。据预测，当年产量达６００吨干藻粉时，不到１年，程海的总磷将由现在的Ⅲ类标准值降为Ⅳ类，到２０００年将降为Ⅴ类。因此必须改革采藻工蕊，统一规划集中治理，加强绿化，加强管理。     

福美胂在苹果树上的残留

调查了两个果园１５～２０年树龄的苹果树在连续用福美胂喷涂７～１０年后树根、树皮、枝条、叶片、果实和土壤的砷含量，并和未使用福美胂的果树含量做了比较。结果表明，果实中有砷积累，但未超过食品卫生标准。使用福美胂的树皮、技条、叶片中砷含量比未使用福美胂的高儿倍～十几倍，树皮和短梢叶含量最高。枝条和叶片与树皮的砷含量有密切正相关。土壤表层虽有轻度积累，但不会对土壤生态环境有太大影响。