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991.
胶束形态对十六烷基三甲基溴化铵(CTAB)增溶典型苯系物行为的影响 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
研究了30℃条件下,浓度为1.2×10-4mol·l-1—2.88×10-2mol·l-1的阳离子表面活性剂十六烷基三甲基溴化铵(CTAB)溶液的吸光度及相应浓度条件时对典型苯系物(苯、甲苯和乙苯)的增溶作用.利用表面活性剂的紫外吸收随浓度变化这一特性,从其不同的拐点处求得CTAB的第一、第二临界胶束浓度分别为7.2×10-4mol·l-1和9.6×10-3mol·l-1.在实验浓度范围内,CTAB溶液对苯、甲苯和乙苯的表观溶解度增溶曲线上同样得到两个拐点,即苯7.2×10-4mol·l-1和9.6×10-3mol·l-1,甲苯7.2×10-4mol·l-1和7.2×10-3mol·l-1以及乙苯7.2×10-4mol·l-1和9.6×10-3mol·l-1,这与第一、第二临界胶束浓度相等或相近.由于溶液中CTAB胶束形态随浓度增加而变化,表明胶束形态对CTAB增溶苯系物的行为有显著影响。 相似文献
992.
对某市区重点行业15家企业职业病危害因素进行检测与评价,对普查结果进行综合分析。结果表明:15家企业工作场所化学有害因素职业卫生现状情况良好,但噪声危害程度较大;在6个重点行业中,电子制造行业有害因素合格率最低,为84%,其次是纺织行业,有害因素合格率为85%,其他化学原料及化学制品、化工、木制家具、石材加工四个行业合格率均较高;市直以上企业职业卫生现状情况优于区属企业,300-2000人之间较大规模的企业职业卫生现状情况优于300人以下的企业。同时,对企业提出了职业危害现状的改进措施与建议。 相似文献
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在我国已正式加入世界贸易组织、各地区旅游产业迅速发展、旅游市场竞争日趋激烈的新形势下,作为广东旅游资源最富集地区之一的韶关市的区域旅游开发必须进行战略性调整.对该区旅游开发的战略背景、战略思想、战略定位、战略重点和战略措施等进行了探讨. 相似文献
996.
The production of water-extractable organic carbon (WEOC) during arctic coastal erosion and permafrost degradation may contribute significantly to C fluxes under warming conditions, but it remains difficult to quantify. A tundra soil collected near Barrow, AK, was selected to evaluate the effects of soil pretreatments (oven drying vs. freeze drying) as well as extraction solutions (pure water vs. seawater) on WEOC yields. Both oven drying and freeze drying significantly increased WEOC release compared with the original moist soil samples; dried samples released, on average, 18% more WEOC than did original moist samples. Similar results were observed for the production of low-molecular-weight dissolved organic C. However, extractable OC released from different soil horizons exhibited differences in specific UV absorption, suggesting differences in WEOC quality. Furthermore, extractable OC yields were significantly less in samples extracted with seawater compared with those extracted with pure water, likely due to the effects of major ions on extractable OC flocculation. Compared with samples from the active horizons, upper permafrost samples released more WEOC, suggesting that continuously frozen samples were more sensitive than samples that had experienced more drying-wetting cycles in nature. Specific UV absorption of seawater-extracted OC was significantly lower than that of OC extracted using pure water, suggesting more aromatic or humic substances were flocculated during seawater extraction. Our results suggest that overestimation of total terrestrial WEOC input to the Arctic Ocean during coastal erosion could occur if estimations were based on WEOC extracted from dried soil samples using pure water. 相似文献
997.
A review is presented on trace gas exchange of CH4, CO, N2O, and NOx arising from agriculture and natural sources in the world's semiarid and arid zones due to soil processes. These gases are important contributors to the radiative forcing and the chemistry of the atmosphere. Quantitative information is summarized from the available studies. Between 5 and 40% of the global soil-atmosphere exchange for these gases (CH4, CO, N2O, and NOx) may occur in semiarid and arid zones, but for each of these gases there are fewer than a dozen studies to support the individual estimates, and these are from a limited number of locations. Significant differences in the biophysical and chemical processes controlling these trace gas exchanges are identified through the comparison of semiarid and arid zones with the moist temperate or wet/dry savanna land regions. Therefore, there is a poorly quantified understanding of the contribution of these regions to the global trace gas cycles and atmospheric chemistry. More importantly, there is a poor understanding of the feedback between these exchanges, global change, and regional land use and air pollution issues. A set of research issues is presented. 相似文献
998.
固定化真菌漆酶对分散兰-2BLN的脱色和降解 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
采用改良壳聚糖固定化的真菌漆酶对染料分散兰-2BLN进行脱色和降解条件的研究,探索了固定化漆酶活力、处理时间、染料浓度、温度和pH对其降解效果的影响。结果表明,固定化漆酶脱色降解分散兰-2BLN的适宜条件为:固定化漆酶活力18.2U/mL,染料浓度100mg/L,温度40℃,pH4.6,在上述条件下降解1.5h,分散兰-2BLN脱色率能达到87.68%。重复分批使用固定化漆酶处理2BLN兰,在使用6批次后,脱色率仍能保持在55%以上,其催化效率得到了较大提高。 相似文献
999.
本文就广州市生活用水量日益增长的现象,根据实际情况选取变化幅度较大和影响较显著的4 个指标,采用1992 年~1997 年的数据对广州市生活用水量变化进行了灰色关联分析,并提出了减缓该市生活用水量的几点建议。 相似文献
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