环境监测信息网络建设的探讨

随着信息社会的高速发展,计算机网络技术已经广泛地应用于社会各个领域,极大地提高了生产生活效率,为适应这一发展,提高环境监测在环境管理中的作用,环境监测信息网络建设就必须加快步伐,提高环境监测的相应速度,提高环境监测数据质量,加强环境监测数据及相关信息的应用,这是时代发展和环境管理日趋完善的必然要求,也是实现环境监测规范化的具体要求。在认识这种要求的同时,还必须认知目前环境监测信息网络建设中存在的差距与不足,还必须理顺环境监测信息网络建设和发展的思路,建立健全一系列环境监测信息网络建设、管理、保障措施,确保环境监测产品的利用最大化,为环境保护管理提供及时、科学的信息支持和保障。     

加拿大西北油田试井分离器厂房爆炸事故

介绍了试井分离器厂房内可燃气体积聚爆炸事故的经过,分析了事故发生的直接原因和间接原因,并提出了相应的改进建议.     

炼化装置挥发性有机物检测方法介绍

结合石油化工行业生产的实际,介绍一种炼化装置挥发性有机物检测方法,并依据EPA的计算方法对装置的挥发性有机物的泄漏量进行了估算.     

汽车加油加气站防雷设计

分析汽车加油加气站所处环境特点以及遭受雷电灾害等的因素,依据GB 50156-2002、GB 50057-94、IEC 61312标准,对加油罩棚、油罐及管理用房等建筑物的直击雷防护,加油站电源、IC卡加油机信号系统的雷电防护等,提出了系统的解决方案.     

城市污水处理厂污泥农用可行性研究与监测方法

在分析城市污水处理厂污泥的组成和性质的基础上,讨论了其用于农业资源化的可行性,污泥通过配比粉煤灰进行堆肥可降低重金属污染物含量,对比国内外污泥农用的监测项目和限制要求,可知在一定气候、地域条件下可达到标准限制要求。     

湖南某地采铀试验工程废水处理工艺设计

通过分析湖南境内某铀矿原地爆破浸出、地表堆浸采铀试验工程工艺流程以及该工程产生的废水源强及性质,介绍了BaCl2-Ca(OH)2中和沉淀法对该股废水处理的可行性及达到的效果。     

乌粱素海不同粒径沉积物吸附磷实验研究

通过研究乌粱素海不同粒径沉积物对磷的吸附动力学曲线和吸附等温曲线,模拟了乌粱素海不同粒级沉积物对磷的吸附过程。研究显示：沉积物对磷的吸附动力学过程包括快吸附和慢吸附,0～45 min内各粒级吸附速率均较高,且不同粒级沉积物对磷吸附的粒度效应明显。二级动力学方程是描述乌粱素海沉积物磷吸附动力学的最优方程,Langmuir...     

Simultaneous removal of hydrogen sulfide and toluene in a bioreactor: Performance and characteristics of microbial community

We investigated the correlation between performance and the bacteria community composition by H2S and toluene co-treatment. Operation of the bioreactor was divided into four stages, in which the inlet concentration of toluene and H2S were gradually increased. In Stage I, toluene was the sole target compound with an average removal e ciency of 86.49%. After adding H2S in Stage II, removal e ciency of toluene decreased immediately and recovered gradually to 85.96%. When the inlet concentration of toluene and H2S was increased in Stage III and Stage IV, respectively, the average removal e ciency for toluene increased continuously from 86.31% to 87.24%. The elimination capacities of toluene increased with increasing inlet loading rates of toluene and H2S. Results of the PCR-DGGE analysis showed a turnover growth and decline of the microbial populations in the bioreactor. In Stage I, the dominant toluene-degrading bacteria mainly contained Pseudomonas sp. strain PS+ and Hydrogenophaga sp. In Stage IV, however, the dominant toluene-degrading bacteria was aciduric bacteria (Clostridium populeti). The dominant microbial community in the bioreactor enhanced the elimination capacity of toluene, and adding H2S changed the environment of microbial growth, thus resulted in an evolution of dominant microorganisms. Analyses of microbial community and their activities provides valuable information to e ciently enhance simultaneous removal of toluene and H2S in the bioreactor.     

Removal of airborne microorganisms emitted from a wastewater treatment oxidation ditch by adsorption on activated carbon

Bioaerosol emissions from wastewater and wastewater treatment processes are a significant subgroup of atmospheric aerosols. Most previous work has focused on the evaluation of their biological risks. In this study, however, the adsorption method was applied to reduce airborne microorganisms generated from a pilot scale wastewater treatment facility with oxidation ditch. Results showed adsorption on granule activated carbon (GAC) was an e cient method for the purification of airborne microorganisms. The GAC itself had a maximum adsorption capacity of 2217 CFU/g for airborne bacteria and 225 CFU/g for fungi with a flow rate of 1.50 m3/hr. Over 85% of airborne bacteria and fungi emitted from the oxidation ditch were adsorbed within 80 hr of continuous operation mode. Most of them had a particle size of 0.65–4.7 m. Those airborne microorganisms with small particle size were apt to be adsorbed. The SEM/EDAX, BET and Boehm’s titration methods were applied to analyse the physicochemical characteristics of the GAC. Relationships between GAC surface characteristics and its adsorption performance demonstrated that porous structure, large surface area, and hydrophobicity rendered GAC an e ective absorber of airborne microorganisms. Two regenerate methods, ultraviolet irradiation and high pressure vapor, were compared for the regeneration of used activated carbon. High pressure vapor was an e ective technique as it totally destroyed the microorganisms adhered to the activated carbon. Microscopic observation was also carried out to investigate original and used adsorbents.     

Degradation of bisphenol-A using ultrasonic irradiation assisted by low-concentration hydrogen peroxide

This study investigated the degradation of bisphenol-A (BPA) by ultrasonic irradiation in the presence of different additives (H2O2,air bubbles and humic acid) under various operating conditions,i.e.,ultrasonic frequency,power intensity and power density.The results demonstrated that the BPA degradation followed pseudo first-order kinetics under different experimental conditions.The optimum power intensities were 0.9,1.8,and 3.0W/cm 2 at the frequencies of 400,670,and 800 kHz,respectively.At the fixed frequ...