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排序方式: 共有73条查询结果,搜索用时 275 毫秒
61.
Shin-ichi Sakai Junya Yano Yasuhiro Hirai Misuzu Asari Ritsuki Yanagawa Takeshi Matsuda Hideto Yoshida Tetsuji Yamada Natsuko Kajiwara Go Suzuki Tatsuya Kunisue Shin Takahashi Keijiro Tomoda Joachim Wuttke Paul Mählitz Vera Susanne Rotter Mario Grosso Thomas Fruergaard Astrup Julian Cleary Gil-Jong Oh Lili Liu Jinhui Li Hwong-wen Ma Ngo Kim Chi Stephen Moore 《Journal of Material Cycles and Waste Management》2017,19(4):1295-1313
Although the 2Rs (reduce and reuse) are considered high-priority approaches, there has not been enough quantitative research on effective 2R management. The purpose of this paper is to provide information obtained through the International Workshop in Kyoto, Japan, on 11–13 November 2015, which included invited experts and researchers in several countries who were in charge of 3R policies, and an additional review of 245 previous studies. It was found that, regarding policy development, the decoupling between environmental pressures and economy growth was recognized as an essential step towards a sustainable society. 3R and resource management policies, including waste prevention, will play a crucial role. Approaches using material/substance flow analyses have become sophisticated enough to describe the fate of resources and/or hazardous substances based on human activity and the environment, including the final sink. Life-cycle assessment has also been developed to evaluate waste prevention activities. Regarding target products for waste prevention, food loss is one of the waste fractions with the highest priority because its countermeasures have significant upstream and downstream effects. Persistent organic pollutants and hazardous compounds should also be taken into account in the situation where recycling activities are globally widespread for the promotion of a material-cycling society. 相似文献
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Kowalczewska-Madura Katarzyna Dondajewska Renata Gołdyn Ryszard Podsiadłowski Stanisław 《Environmental science and pollution research international》2017,24(16):14417-14429
Environmental Science and Pollution Research - Uzarzewskie Lake was a hypereutrophic, dimictic lake characterized by low water transparency, high chlorophyll-a concentration and intense... 相似文献
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Kiguchi Osamu Sato Go Kobayashi Takashi 《Environmental science and pollution research international》2016,23(22):22513-22529
Environmental Science and Pollution Research - Source-specific elucidation of domestic sewage pollution caused by various effluent sources in an urban river water, as conducted for this study,... 相似文献
67.
Application of the dioxin responsive-chemical activated luciferase gene expression (DR-CALUX) bioassay to three compost products (kitchen garbage compost, treated sludge compost, and poultry manure compost) and their organic waste materials was performed for the screening of dioxin-like compounds. Phased sample preparation was conducted for the bioassay to yield separate crude, acid-stable, and carbon column fractions. Chemical analyses were also conducted for polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxin and dibenzofurans (PCDD/Fs), polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs), and polyaromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs). Their determined WHO-PCDD/PCDF/dl-PCB-TEQ values were compared to the DR-CALUX results expressed as CALUX-TEQ to ascertain their contributions to overall activity. Overall all three compost products were polluted to a low level by persistent PCDD/PCDF/dl-PCBs in a few pg/g WHO-TEQ concentration range. The organic crude fraction showed non-persistent CALUX-TEQ values 2-4 orders of magnitude higher than those of WHO-TEQ. For the acid-resistant fractions of all samples, persistent CALUX-TEQ values were 1-8-fold higher than WHO-PCDD/PCDF/dl-PCB-TEQ values. Both TEQs correlated well for this fraction, which confirms the availability of CALUX for estimation of the actual WHO-TEQ level of the samples using reflux method with 44% sulfuric acid/silica gel, although the compost and material samples examined in this study contained much lower levels of WHO-TEQ: less than 1 pg/g in almost all cases. Additional carbon column treatment enhanced the potency and efficacy of CALUX activity in the three compost samples, which showed 1.6-4.4 times higher values of CALUX-TEQ than those obtained for the acid-resistant fraction. Although further DR-CALUX data collection for compost samples will be necessary, DR-CALUX is useful as a rapid screening method for monitoring dioxin-like compounds in compost. 相似文献
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Barałkiewicz D Gramowska H Kanecka A Krzyzaniak I Gołdyn R 《Environmental monitoring and assessment》2008,143(1-3):327-336
In order to characterize the contamination of the Swarzedzkie Lake and generate elemental distribution patterns 18 elements have been determined in samples of water, taken just above the bottom sediments. Analyses were carried out using two instrumental techniques - ICP-OES and ICP-MS. Two main sources of contamination were identified - diffuse pollution from agriculture and stormwater from the town. Three separate groups of elements were distinguished using cluster analysis and two groups using principal component analysis. These three groups are characterized as geogenic elements (Ag, As, Mg and Sb), elements supplied by the agricultural catchment (Ca, Mn, Sr, Na, K and Al) and elements originated from the urban contamination (Ni, Cr, Cu, Fe, V, Ba, Zn and Pb). PCA differentiated the above group of urban elements from the rest, originated from diffuse sources, with exception of alluminium, which was situated between two distinguished groups. 相似文献
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Nicolas Goñi John Logan Haritz Arrizabalaga Marc Jarry Molly Lutcavage 《Marine Biology》2011,158(5):1057-1073
This study aims to describe the variability of albacore (Thunnus alalunga) diet in the Northeast Atlantic and Mediterranean Sea and to identify possible relationships between this variability and
the features of different feeding areas, the behavior, and the energetic needs of albacore. Stomach contents from albacore
caught in five zones of the Bay of Biscay and surrounding waters (n = 654) and three zones of the Mediterranean Sea (n = 152) were analyzed in terms of diet composition and stomach fullness. Carbon and nitrogen stable isotope and C/N ratios
were measured for white muscle and liver from albacore in the Bay of Biscay (n = 41) and Mediterranean Sea (n = 60). Our results showed a spatial, seasonal, inter-annual, and size-related variability in the diet of albacore. Albacore
diet varied by location in the Mediterranean Sea, with a particularly high proportion of cephalopods, and low δ15N values in the Tyrrhenian Sea. In the Northeast Atlantic, albacore consumed a higher proportion of crustaceans and a lower
proportion of fishes in the most offshore sampling zone than inshore. The digestion states of the major prey reflected a diurnal
feeding activity, indicative of feeding in deeper waters offshore, whereas on the continental slope, feeding probably occurred
in surface waters at night. Important seasonal and inter-annual diet variability was observed in the southeast of the Bay
of Biscay, where preferred albacore prey appeared to be anchovy (Engraulis encrasicolus). Stomach fullness was inversely related to body size, probably reflecting higher energetic needs for smaller individuals.
Albacore from the Bay of Biscay had significantly lower δ13C and higher δ15N values compared with albacore from the Mediterranean Sea, indicative of regional baseline shifts, and trophic position and
muscle lipid stores in albacore increased with body size. 相似文献