微生物絮凝剂改善城市污水厂浓缩污泥脱水性能的研究

采用酱油曲霉(Aspergillus sojae)产生的微生物絮凝剂(MBF)作为污泥絮凝脱水剂,对城市污水处理厂浓缩污泥进行调理,确定该絮凝剂对浓缩污泥脱水的处理工艺参数为：微生物絮凝液最佳投加体积为6%～8%（体积比）,发挥絮凝作用的最适污泥温度为28～32℃,最适pH为6～7。经微生物絮凝剂调理的污泥在3 000 r/min离心9 min,污泥脱水率高达82.7%,滤饼含水率降低至77.3%,污泥脱水后体积减至原来的1/5左右。     

硝酸盐对反硝化除磷过程的影响分析

在厌氧/缺氧间歇反应器内考察了硝酸盐进水浓度及进水方式对反硝化除磷过程的影响。结果表明：在缺氧阶段,反硝化除磷菌(DPBs)可将硝酸盐转化为亚硝酸盐,当硝酸盐浓度较低时,DPBs以亚硝酸盐为电子受体吸磷。进水COD浓度为220 mg/L,正磷浓度为6.8 mg/L,硝酸盐初始浓度为26 mg/L时,系统达到最佳脱氮除磷效果,期间亚硝酸盐浓度积累至10.71 mg/L。采用连续流投加硝酸盐的方式更利于氮磷的高效去除。     

环境气体标准样品量值的计算及不确定度分析

依据《气体分析校准气体混合物的制备重量法》（1SO6142—2001）和《气体分析气体标准样品组成的测定和校验比较法》（ISO6143—2001）,阐述了环境气体标准样品不同定值方法的量值计算及不确定度来源,并比较了同一气体标准样品采用不同定值方法得到的不同量值结果及不确定度：     

水质生物毒性在线监测技术研究进展

从生物分子、细胞、个体、种群和群落水平,系统介绍了国内外研发的水质毒性在线监测技术,归纳分析了各种技术的特点及应用,并提出了其发展前景与趋势。     

突发环境事件应急监测演习脚本的编写

简述了突发环境事件应急监测演习脚本编写的重要性及相关原则,介绍了按事故情景演变和应急监测工作响应程序两种应急监测演习脚本的编写方法。     

有毒气体危害区域划分之临界浓度标准研究

通过研究毒物伤害准则进而界定有毒气体危害浓度,对有毒气体泄漏扩散后的危害区域进行分级划分,以采取相应的防护措施,最大限度的即时有效的减轻有毒气体对人员的伤害.最后,以氯为例,对比其在不同伤害准则下危害区域划分临界浓度标准值,数值差别较大,因此在使用时应根据实际情况加以判断,选择最适当的标准来划分危害区域.     

Spatial variation and toxicity assessment for heavy metals in sediments of intertidal zone in a typical subtropical estuary (Min River) of China

Environmental Science and Pollution Research - Sediment samples were collected in five marshes (C1, Phragmites australis marsh; C2, P. australis and Cyperus malaccensis marsh; C3, C. malaccensis...     

Distribution and controls of heavy metals and organic matter in the surface sediments of the Southern Yellow Sea,China

Environmental Science and Pollution Research - Accurate and effective determination of the source of heavy metals is essential for the treatment of marine ecological environments. This article...     

1990~2013年来洞庭湖区鸟类生物多样性热点区时空动态及变动机理

评估与确定生物多样性分布格局与热点区是建立保护区、制定生物保护决策的基础。洞庭湖地区位处长江中游,是我国重要的淡水湖泊湿地生态系统,为中国乃至亚洲较大的鸟类越冬地之一。以洞庭湖地区14种Ⅰ、Ⅱ级重点保护鸟类为指示物种,基于1990~2013年间的多期遥感影像,运用物种生境分布MAXENT模型,选取地形、水系、植被、气候及人类干扰等共35个影响因子,对其进行生境适宜性评价及生物多样性热点区的筛选与制图,并对热点区时空动态特征进行分析。结果表明：（1）鸟类生物多样性热点区的分布范围呈现出组团状特征,1990~2013年来,热点区面积呈下降趋势;（2）鸟类栖息生境景观格局总体上趋于破碎,生境形状向简单且扁平化形态转变,生境格局呈复杂化;（3）经济与社会发展因素对研究区的鸟类生物多样性热点区变化影响显著,而自然因素产生的影响不明显。研究结果在制定区域生物多样性保护规划方案中可体现较好应用价值。     

Molecular and physiological characterization of fluoroquinolone resistance in relation to uropathogenicity among Escherichia coli isolates isolated from Wenyu River, China

Increasing antibacterial resistance and pathogenicity in the environment is of growing concern due to its potential human risk. In the present study, 236 Escherichia coli isolates were collected from Wenyu River in China on drugless (48 isolates) and quinolone-containing plates (189 isolates). Their minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) were determined ranging from 0.125 μg mL⁻¹ to 128 μg mL⁻¹. Mutation points related to fluoroquinolone resistance were observed at S83 to L and D87 to N or Y in the GyrA subunit and S80 to R or I and E84 to G in the ParC subunit. Generally, MICs of LEV and GAT are dependent on the patterns of these mutation points. The profile with three mutation points was related to LEV-resistant E. coli isolates, and the (S83L, D87N + S80I) mutation profile was most prevalent (65.7%) in LEV-resistant isolates, while a large proportion of isolates, even those with three mutation points, were susceptive to GAT. The incidence of virulence factors in LEV-resistant isolates (44.7%, 59/132) was much higher than in nonresistant isolates (23.1%, 24/104) (χ² = 11.925, 1° of freedom, p < 0.001) indicating that fluoroquinolone-resistant E. coli would pose a potential risk. A similar distribution was also found in isolates resistant to GAT (χ² = 7.843, 1° of freedom, p = 0.0079).