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191.
192.
Human activities produced great impacts on wetlands worldwide. Taking Jiangsu Province, China, as a representative wetland region subject to extensive human activities, the aim of this study is to understand the conversion trajectory and spatial differentiation in wetland change from a multi-scale perspective. Based on multi-temporal Landsat images, it was found that the natural wetlands decreased by 11.2% from 1990 to 2006 in Jiangsu Province. Transition matrices showed that the conversion of natural wetlands to human-made wetlands (mostly aquaculture ponds) was the major form of natural wetland reduction, accounting for over 60% of the reduction. Percentage reduction and area reduc tion of natural wetlands were respectively quantified within different wetland cover zones using a moving window analysis. Average percentage reduction showed a decreasing tendency with increasing wetland cover. The high-cover and mid-cover zone presented the largest area reduction at the scales of 1-2 km and 4-8 km, respectively. Local hotspots of natural wetland reduction were mapped using the equal-interval and quantile classification schemes. The hotspots were mostly concentrated in the Lixiahe marshes and the coastal wetland areas. For the area reduction hotspots, the quantile classification presented larger area and more patches than the equal-interval classification; while an opposite result was shown for the percentage reduction hotspots. With respect to the discontinuous distribution of the natural wetlands, area reduction could be more appropriate to represent reduction hotspots than percentage reduction in the study area. These findings could have useful implications to wetland conservation. 相似文献
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194.
Jinyu Sun Xuhui Wang Anping Chen Yuecun Ma Mengdi Cui Shilong Piao 《Environmental monitoring and assessment》2011,179(1-4):1-14
How urban vegetation was influenced by three decades of intensive urbanization in China is of great interest but rarely studied. In this paper, we used satellite derived Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) and socioeconomic data to evaluate effects of urbanization on vegetation cover in China??s 117 metropolises over the last three decades. Our results suggest that current urbanization has caused deterioration of urban vegetation across most cities in China, particularly in East China. At the national scale, average urban area NDVI (NDVIu) significantly decreased during the last three decades (P?<?0.01), and two distinct periods with different trends can be identified, 1982?C1990 and 1990?C2006. NDVIu did not show statistically significant trend before 1990 but decrease remarkably after 1990 (P?<?0.01). Different regions also showed difference in the timing of NDVIu turning point. The year when NDVIu started to decline significantly for Central China and East China was 1987 and 1990, respectively, while NDVIu in West China remained relatively constant until 1998. NDVIu changes in the Yangtze River Delta and the Pearl River Delta, two regions which has been undergoing the most rapid urbanization in China, also show different characteristics. The Pearl River Delta experienced a rapid decline in NDVIu from the early 1980s to the mid-1990s; while in the Yangtze River Delta, NDVIu did not decline significantly until the early 1990s. Such different patterns of NDVIu changes are closely linked with policy-oriented difference in urbanization dynamics of these regions, which highlights the importance of implementing a sustainable urban development policy. 相似文献
195.
Peng X Zhang K Tang C Huang Q Yu Y Cui J 《Journal of environmental monitoring : JEM》2011,13(2):446-454
Occurrence, behavior and fate of several groups of antibacterials were investigated in municipal wastewater, sewage sludge, and urban river water in China. Fluoroquinolones (e.g., ciprofloxacin, norfloxacin, and ofloxacin), macrolides (dehydroerythromycin, roxithromycin, and clarithromycin), sulfonamides (sulfamethoxazole and sulfamethazine) and trimethoprim were ubiquitously detected in the wastewater in China. Fluoroquinolones were generally the most abundant in the raw sewage, with a maximum concentration of up to 6415 ng L(-1) observed for norfloxacin. Sulfonamides and macrolides transported predominantly in the aqueous phase. A median percentage of 67% of sulfonamides and 86% of macrolides remained in the final effluent after treatment in sewage treatment plants. On the contrary, sorption played a significant role in transport of fluoroquinolones and approximately half of the fluoroquinolones finally ended up and persisted in the dewatered sludge. In the urban section of the Pearl River at Guangzhou, sulfonamides, trimethoprim, and macrolides were widely present at median concentrations of 22-735 ng L(-1), whereas fluoroquinolones were only occasionally detected at 2-152 ng L(-1), probably due to their strong tendency of partition to sediment and/or photodegradability. The result of principal components analysis suggests input of non-sewage derived sulfamethazine in the Pearl River. Seasonal variations of the antibacterials distribution in the wastewater are mainly ascribed to different consumption. Dilution effect by precipitation, however, also plays an important role in seasonal distribution of the antibacterials in the Pearl River. 相似文献
196.
Herein, Na+ and Ca2+ are introduced to MnO2 through cation-exchange method. The presence of Na+ and Ca2+ significantly enhance the catalytic activity of MnO2 in toluene oxidation. Among them, the Ca-MnO2 catalyst exhibits the best catalytic activity (T50 = 194°C, T90 = 215°C, Ea = 57.2 kJ/mol, reaction rate 8.40 × 10?10 mol/(sec?m2) at 210°C. T50 and T90: the temperature of 50% and 90% toluene conversion; Ea: apparent activation energy) and possess high tolerance against 2.0 vol.% water vapor. Results reveal that the increased acidic sites of the MnO2 sample can enhance the adsorption of gaseous toluene, and the mobility of oxygen species and the content of reactive oxygen species in the catalyst are significantly improved due to the formed oxygen vacancy. Thus these two factors result in excellent catalytic performance for toluene oxidation combining with the weak CO2 adsorption ability. 相似文献
197.
Wei Xinyi Cui Weisong Zheng Kaijing Wang Jie Hu Jing Zhou Hongfu 《Journal of Polymers and the Environment》2022,30(7):2785-2799
Journal of Polymers and the Environment - Due to extensive concerns of tremendous environment pollutions, particularly microplastic as an emerging pollutant, the development and investigate on... 相似文献
198.
Morin-Crini Nadia Lichtfouse Eric Liu Guorui Balaram Vysetti Ribeiro Ana Rita Lado Lu Zhijiang Stock Friederike Carmona Eric Teixeira Margarida Ribau Picos-Corrales Lorenzo A. Moreno-Piraján Juan Carlos Giraldo Liliana Li Cui Pandey Abhishek Hocquet Didier Torri Giangiacomo Crini Grégorio 《Environmental Chemistry Letters》2022,20(4):2311-2338
Environmental Chemistry Letters - Water contamination by emerging contaminants is increasing in the context of rising urbanization, industrialization, and agriculture production. Emerging... 相似文献
199.
Hua Long Yang Liao Changhao Cui Meijia Liu Zeiwei Liu Li Li Wenzheng Hu Dahai Yan 《Frontiers of Environmental Science & Engineering》2022,16(4):51
200.
Zhao Dianjia Ye Wenkang Cui Wenxuan 《Environmental science and pollution research international》2022,29(20):29613-29623
Environmental Science and Pollution Research - As eco-friendly adsorption material, hydroxyapatite (Ca5(PO4)3OH, HA) has been extensively applied to the removal of heavy metal ions. However,... 相似文献