Inhibition effects of perfluoroalkyl acids on progesterone production in mLTC-1

Perfluoroalkyl substances(PFASs) are a class of fluorine substituted carboxylic acid, sulfonic acid and alcohol, structurally similar to their corresponding parent compounds. Previous study demonstrated the potential endocrine disruption and reproductive toxicity of perfluorooctane sulfonic acid and perfluorooctanoic acid, two dominant PFASs in animals and humans. We explored the relationship between eleven perfluoroalkyl acids(PFAAs)with different carbon chain length and their ability to inhibit progesterone production in mouse Leydig tumor cells(m LTC-1). We found an obvious dose–response relationship between progesterone inhibition rate and PFAA exposure concentration in m LTC-1. The relative inhibition rate of progesterone by PFAAs was linearly related to the carbon chain length and molar refractivity of PFAAs. Mitochondrial membrane potential(MMP) decreased after PFAA exposure at the half-maximal inhibitory effect concentration(IC_(50)) of progesterone production in m LTC-1, while the reactive oxygen species(ROS) content increased significantly. These results imply that the inhibition effect of PFAAs on progesterone production might be due, in part, to ROS damage and the decrease in MMP in m LTC-1.     

沈阳市生态文明体制改革规划研究

以制度体制推进环境管理的有效性,是改善环境质量、解决环境问题及实现绿色发展最为直接且经济有效的手段。通过规划,对现有生态环境制度体系存在问题进行分析,提出沈阳市制度体制改革内容,明确改革方向。设计以空间管控、生态补偿、环境监管、治理市场、绩效追责、公众参与为核心,以绿色环保产业为承接的沈阳市"6+1"生态文明制度体系,明晰政府部门责任,建立联动机制,将单项制度孤岛联系起来,以制度创新及制度体系构建推动环境管理制度改革及沈阳市生态文明建设。     

废铅蓄电池收集利用污染防治主要问题分析和对策

文章基于废铅蓄电池的环境健康风险和收集利用价值,分析了我国废铅蓄电池收集利用现状及存在的主要问题,并从打击非法犯罪行为、完善法规制度、推进再生铅行业升级换代、加强宣传教育、建设公共信息服务平台等方面,提出了提升我国废铅蓄电池收集利用污染防治水平的建议。     

基于环境管理的排污许可证内容设计

分析企业环境管理及固定污染源环境行政管理现存的问题,从环境管理角度出发,重新审视排污许可制度内涵,明确了排污许可证内容设计总体思路、原则,重构了排污许可证框架,完善了证照内容设计,为实现排污许可证作为政府环境监管的执法依据、企业环境行为的守法文书、公众环保监督的参与平台提供技术指导。     

环境浓度水平的苯并[b]荧蒽对巨噬细胞RAW264.7的作用

为了研究环境浓度下多环芳烃苯并[b]荧蒽对巨噬细胞RAW264.7的损伤情况,我们用MTT法检测苯并[b]荧蒽对RAW264.7细胞增殖活力的影响,用试剂盒检测乳酸脱氢酶(LDH)及炎症因子的释放量、细胞内SOD酶活力、脂质过氧化产物MDA含量及活性氧自由基ROS水平,用FITC标记的大肠杆菌(E.coli)检测苯并[b]荧蒽对巨噬细胞吞噬能力的影响.结果显示环境浓度(10~80 nmol·L~(-1))下的苯并[b]荧蒽能够抑制RAW264.7细胞的增殖活力,增加乳酸脱氢酶LDH的释放量.诱导活性氧自由基的形成,提高超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)活力及脂质过氧化产物MDA的含量.增加炎症因子IL-6,IL~(-1)β和TNF-a的分泌,降低吞噬能力.该研究结果表明,苯并[b]荧蒽对巨噬细胞RAW264.7具有一定的毒性作用;能够引起RAW264.7细胞产生氧化应激;激活炎症反应;降低巨噬细胞的吞噬能力.     

An interval-based regret-analysis method for identifying long-term municipal solid waste management policy under uncertainty

In this study, an interval-based regret-analysis (IBRA) model is developed for supporting long-term planning of municipal solid waste (MSW) management activities in the City of Changchun, the capital of Jilin Province, China. The developed IBRA model incorporates approaches of interval–parameter programming (IPP) and minimax–regret (MMR) analysis within an integer programming framework, such that uncertainties expressed as both interval values and random variables can be reflected. The IBRA can account for economic consequences under all possible scenarios associated with different system costs and risk levels without making assumptions on probabilistic distributions for random variables. A regret matrix with interval elements is generated based on a matrix of interval system costs, such that desired decision alternatives can be identified according to the interval minimax regret (IMMR) criterion. The results indicate that reasonable solutions have been generated. They can help decision makers identify the desired alternatives regarding long-term MSW management with a compromise between minimized system cost and minimized system-failure risk.     

Development pattern and enhancing system of automotive components remanufacturing industry in China

Along with the increasing number of automotive output and End-of-Life vehicles (ELVs) in China, resources shortage and environmental pollution are aggravating, so the tremendous need to reuse automotive components gives birth to the industry. The Chinese government becomes to realize that it is necessary to build a conservation-oriented and environment-friendly harmonious society. As the ultimate form of recycling, remanufacturing will be an effective method to promote the development of Chinese circular economy. The automotive remanufacturing industry in China is just at the preliminary stage, this paper presents some problems before remanufacturing, during remanufacturing and after remanufacturing, and then it points out several barriers, such as restrictive policies and regulations, consumer acceptance, scarcity of technologies, etc. Like many other developed countries, Chinese remanufacturing industry will also experience the primary stage, growth stage and developed stage. while the emphasis of resources input will not be the same. By analyzing the resources input characteristics at different development stages, three development patterns, such as the Government Incenting Pattern, Technology Driving Pattern and Market Leading Pattern, are put forward. At present, the cooperation of the government, industry, universities and research institutes, etc, will jointly construct the enhancing system of automotive components remanufacturing industry in China. Finally, it concludes with a summary and some suggestions in the field.     

我国石油行业低碳发展技术选择＊

文章围绕我国石油行业低碳发展现状、制约条件和技术方向展开论述。通过统计我国"十一五"能源需求形势和石油行业能源使用情况,总结石油行业温室气体排放特征,预测了"十二五"油气能源需求和石油行业温室气体排放趋势。在此基础上,对石油行业低碳技术进行系统的梳理和评估,并提出我国石油行业分阶段低碳技术选择建议。     

生物氧化提金废物安全治理

随着人们对黄金需求量的增加,黄金的生产规模在不断地扩大,我国易处理的金矿资源日渐减少,人们逐渐把眼光转向难处理的金矿,同时给人类带来的环境污染日趋严重,开发无污染或少污染的选冶新技术及如何安全环保的处理提金产生的废物,越来越受到广大从事黄金提取科技工作者的关注。生物氧化提金工艺的出现解决了此问题。生物氧化法具有投资少,金的回收率高,工艺操作简单,不污染环境等优点,此方法已成为开发难处理低品位金矿石的主要方法。我国自2000年开始投入使用,近几年,它的发展在中国相当迅速。本文介绍了我国新疆金铬矿业有限公司的生物氧化提金工艺及环废物处理情况,概述了其他提金废物处理的进展,旨在促进我国生物氧化提金清洁提取技术的发展。     

Integrated soil-crop system management: reducing environmental risk while increasing crop productivity and improving nutrient use efficiency in China

During the past 47 yr (1961-2007), Chinese cereal production has increased by 3.2-fold, successfully feeding 22% of the global human population with only 9% of the world's arable land, but at high environmental cost and resource consumption. Worse, crop production has been stagnant since 1996 while the population and demand for food continue to rise. New advances for sustainability of agriculture and ecosystem services will be needed during the coming 50 yr to reduce environmental risk while increasing crop productivity and improving nutrient use efficiency. Here, we advocate and develop integrated soil-crop system management (ISSM). In this approach, the key points are (i) to take all possible soil quality improvement measures into consideration, (ii) to integrate the utilization of various nutrient resources and match nutrient supply to crop requirements, and (iii) to integrate soil and nutrient management with high-yielding cultivation systems. Recent field experiments have shed light on how ISSM can lead to significant increases in crop yields while increasing nutrient use efficiency and reducing environmental risk.