Empirical assessment of incorporating sediment quality triad data into a single index to distinguish dominant stressors between sites

Benthic infaunal community structure, sediment contamination, and sediment toxicity data (Sediment Quality Triad) were condensed into a single index based on the area of tri-axial plots, which were examined in relation to various habitat parameters. The purpose was to assess its utility for evaluating the relative impact of contaminants versus other stressors on benthic communities. The regression relationship between the areal index and the Effects Range?CMedian quotient (ERMq) was used to separate contaminant-impacted sites from sites impacted by hypoxia in Chesapeake Bay. Regression using the areal index and bottom oxygen confirm the utility of the approach. Data from Delaware, Galveston, and Biscayne Bays were also examined to determine if the approach may be effective in other estuaries.     

Can you tell a green field from a cold steel rail? Examining the “green” of Green Infrastructure development

The rapid development of Green Infrastructure as an approach to planning has enabled landscape practitioners to implement a range of projects utilising its principles. Discussions though exist examining what Green Infrastructure is, how it should be planned, and whether it can be identified as only those elements of the landscape that are green. A further element of this argument examines the use of water within this process. Therefore, as planners, we can ask: can we tell a green field from a cold steel rail? Both may have a green or sustainable function with only the visual appearance differing. Debates, however, focus on practitioner selectivity of the interpretation of “green” infrastructure planning exploring whether physical landscape characteristics or the function of an investment is the main focus of discussion. Using the grey–green continuum developed by Davies et al. [2006. Green infrastructure planning guide project: Final report. Annfield Plain: NECF], this paper examines whether geographical differences exist in the application of the Green Infrastructure and examine how practitioners use the ambiguity of Green Infrastructure planning to guide investment. Drawing on academic and practitioner literature provides this paper with a balance of conceptual and process-based assessments evaluations of global Green Infrastructure focusing on the design and implementation of terrestrial and marine resources. This paper also examines whether the dominant landscape planning framework in each region could be considered contradictory to the wider application of Green Infrastructure principles.     

A High Performance Liquid Chromatographic Determination of Free Amino Acids in Natural Waters in the Picomolar (M X 10-12) Range Suitable for Shipboard Use

A reliable method for the determination of amino acids, suitable for routine shipboard use, is presented. Using reverse-phase high-performance liquid chromatography with computer-controlled gradient elution optimization, the amino acids commonly found in sea-water were clearly resolved and determined at the picomole level. A procedure was also developed to enable repeat injections of sea water samples to be made without deterioration of column material or performance. Thus the analysis was made more operator-independent and consequently more suitable for use at sea.     

化学危险品管理(Infosafe概念)

澳大利亚安工有限公司是在1987年由叶恩柯维先生(Mr.lan Cowie)创立。该公司以提供化工安全软件为主。这次中国第一届企业安全与健康管理高峰年会上,柯维先生主持第二天工作会议,并向中国工业安全专家详细讲解了他对工业安全的经验。     

Amino Acids in Sea Water

Free amino acids in the waters of the English Channel have been measured over a twelve month period using a newly developed field technique. Samples have been taken over a wide area both from the surface and at depth. The results show that the levels of amino acids found in these studies are greater than those previously generally accepted. These findings are of considerable importance in productivity studies since amino nitrogen as a source of nutrient for phytoplankton has been largely neglected. This paper shows that the levels of amino acids in the upper layers of the sea are not insignificant and should not be disregarded as an alternative nitrogen source for phytoplankton.     

Uncertainty representation and propagation in quantified risk assessment using fuzzy sets

It is generally acknowledged that there are substantial uncertainties present in any analysis of risk. This paper provides a brief overview of the current techniques used for uncertainty analyses, and highlights their inappropriateness for practical use in the complete risk assessment process. The concept of fuzzy sets as a means for quantifying uncertainty is introduced and a case study demonstrates the application of this method to a simple consequence analysis where parameter uncertainty is considered. The results of this fuzzy analysis are compared with those of a more traditional probabilistic approach using a Monte Carlo simulation. This comparison demonstrates that the novel approach of fuzzy sets is a more appropriate technique due to its non-statistical nature and that the amount of computation required is substantially reduced compared to the traditional probabilistic approach. The versatility of fuzzy set theory suggests that this approach could also be used to quantify other types of uncertainty present in the risk assessment process, including model uncertainty and expert opinion.