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Objective: Drowsy driving is a profound road safety issue. In patients with excessive daytime sleepiness (EDS), the Maintenance of Wakefulness Test (MWT) is commonly used to evaluate driving ability. However, there is little evidence that MWT predicts driving performance, and several sleep latency cutoffs have been suggested.Methods: Based on a retrospective chart analysis of patients with an MWT and a driving ability assessment between January 2006 and November 2014, we identified 63 studies in 60 patients. The driving ability assessment judged the patients as qualified or disqualified for commercial driving. MWT latencies to 3?s of alpha activity, 3?s of drowsiness (microsleep), and sleep onset were compared between qualified and disqualified patients and their validity to identify driving qualification was evaluated.Results: Disqualified patients had shorter alpha, microsleep, and sleep latencies, but the latency distributions were widely overlapping. MWT accuracy to predict driving performance was poor: two thirds of short sleep latencies were false positives. Adding information from alpha and microsleep latencies added little extra accuracy.Conclusions: MWT results correlate poorly with driving performance in a 2-h test irrespective of sleep latency cutoff or added alpha/microsleep latency data. Better diagnostic tools are needed to evaluate driving performance in patients with EDS. 相似文献
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Soran Maria-Loredana Opriş Ocsana Lung Ildikó Kacso Irina Porav Alin S. Stan Manuela 《Environmental science and pollution research international》2017,24(19):16396-16406
Environmental Science and Pollution Research - In the recent years, residual antibiotics are considered to be emerging environmental pollutants due to their continuous input and persistence into... 相似文献
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Jekaterina Shubina Dmitry Yu Trofimov Ilya Yu Barkov Olga K. Stupko Andrey Yu Goltsov Irina S. Mukosey Nana K. Tetruashvili Lyudmila V. Kim Vladimir A. Bakharev Natalia A. Karetnikova Taisya O. Kochetkova Regina V. Krasheninnikova Andrey A. Bystritskiy Gennady T. Sukhikh 《黑龙江环境通报》2017,37(13):1305-1310
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Toxicity of two types of silver nanoparticles to aquatic crustaceans Daphnia magna and Thamnocephalus platyurus 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
Irina Blinova Jukka Niskanen Paula Kajankari Liina Kanarbik Aleksandr Käkinen Heikki Tenhu Olli-Pekka Penttinen Anne Kahru 《Environmental science and pollution research international》2013,20(5):3456-3463
Although silver nanoparticles (NPs) are increasingly used in various consumer products and produced in industrial scale, information on harmful effects of nanosilver to environmentally relevant organisms is still scarce. This paper studies the adverse effects of silver NPs to two aquatic crustaceans, Daphnia magna and Thamnocephalus platyurus. For that, silver NPs were synthesized where Ag is covalently attached to poly(vinylpyrrolidone) (PVP). In parallel, the toxicity of collargol (protein-coated nanosilver) and AgNO3 was analyzed. Both types of silver NPs were highly toxic to both crustaceans: the EC50 values in artificial freshwater were 15–17 ppb for D. magna and 20–27 ppb for T. platyurus. The natural water (five different waters with dissolved organic carbon from 5 to 35 mg C/L were studied) mitigated the toxic effect of studied silver compounds up to 8-fold compared with artificial freshwater. The toxicity of silver NPs in all test media was up to 10-fold lower than that of soluble silver salt, AgNO3. The pattern of the toxic response of both crustacean species to the silver compounds was almost similar in artificial freshwater and in natural waters. The chronic 21-day toxicity of silver NPs to D. magna in natural water was at the part-per-billion level, and adult mortality was more sensitive toxicity test endpoint than the reproduction (the number of offspring per adult). 相似文献
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Gaël Belliot Julie Loutreul Marie Estienney Catherine Cazeaux Irina Nicorescu Serge Aho Patrick Gervais Nicole Orange Pierre Pothier Thierry Morin 《Food and environmental virology》2013,5(3):176-179
The virucidal efficacy of a pulsed light treatment applied to viral suspensions, glass beads and herb powders was studied for the F-RNA bacteriophage MS2. The experimental results obtained demonstrated the high potential of this technology to efficiently decontaminate simple matrices but underlined the complexity of application to complex food matrices. 相似文献
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