土壤过滤净化氮氧化物实验研究

实验考察了土壤类型、进口浓度、温度和过滤气速对净化氮氧化物废气效果的影响。结果表明 ,土壤过滤能够有效削减NOx 污染 ,对NO2 的净化效率可达 90 %以上 :肥沃土壤的净化效率明显高于贫瘠土壤 ,适宜作为过滤介质 ;在实验浓度范围内 ,净化效率基本随着进口浓度的提高而提高。当进口浓度高于 2mg m3时 ,净化效率基本稳定在95 %左右 ;温度的升高对提高去除率是有利的 ,而且对延长土壤滤池有效使用时间有很大帮助 ;在实验范围内气速的提高对NO2 去除率影响不明显。     

Interaction between β-lactam antibiotic and phosphorus-accumulating organisms

Environmental Science and Pollution Research - β-Lactam antibiotics have been widely used in clinic due to strong antibacterial activity with mild adverse side effects and have been detected...     

Coagulation of Sericin Protein in Silk Degumming Wastewater Using Quaternized Chitosan

The evaluation of 2-hydroxypropyltrimethyl ammonium chloride chitosan (HACC), a biodegradable cationic polymer, for the coagulation of sericin in silk degumming waste solution was carried out using jar-test coagulation experiments. The coagulation efficiency was assessed by the factors of residual turbidity, sericin removal and COD_Cr. The results indicated that the efficiency were dependent on the operational parameters of pH, coagulant dosage and settling time. The optimal pH value was found to be around 8, while a 1 g/L HACC dosage was sufficient in providing more than 98 % turbidity removal and 76 % sericin removal. The results were comparable to those got by the use of conventional coagulants. The coagulation of sericin by HACC may be involved in a dual mechanism including charge neutralization and bridging mechanism. Moreover, the sludge cake from the coagulation, mainly containing sericin protein and modified chitosan, might be used as finishing agent for polyester fabric or food additive for animals after fundamental purified.     

一种钢渣中氯离子的测定方法

利用蒸馏装置蒸出钢渣中的氯离子,使用硝酸汞滴定方法进行滴定,选用两种钢渣,在不同实验室分别进行了分析测定的比较和验证。结果表明:该方法简便易操作,重现性和准确性都比较高,作为钢渣中氯离子的测定是可行的。     

Acute effects of particulate matter with different sizes on respiratory mortality in Shenzhen,China

Environmental Science and Pollution Research - There are relatively few studies that focus on the health effects of exposure to size-specific particles on respiratory mortality in China. We aimed...     

Graphitic carbon nitride/biochar composite synthesized by a facile ball-milling method for the adsorption and photocatalytic degradation of enrofloxacin

In order to enhance the removal performance of graphitic carbon nitride (g-C₃N₄) on organic pollutant, a simultaneous process of adsorption and photocatalysis was achieved via the compounding of biochar and g-C₃N₄. In this study, g-C₃N₄ was obtained by a condensation reaction of melamine at 550°C. Then the g-C₃N₄/biochar composites were synthesized by ball milling biochar and g-C₃N₄ together, which was considered as a simple, economical, and green strategy. The characterization of resulting g-C₃N₄/biochar suggested that biochar and g-C₃N₄ achieved effective linkage. The adsorption and photocatalytic performance of the composites were evaluated with enrofloxacin (EFA) as a model pollutant. The result showed that all the g-C₃N₄/biochar composites displayed higher adsorption and photocatalytic performance to EFA than that of pure g-C₃N₄. The 50% g-C₃N₄/biochar performed best and removed 45.2% and 81.1% of EFA (10 mg/L) under darkness and light with a dosage of 1 mg/mL, while g-C₃N₄ were 19.0% and 27.3%, respectively. Besides, 50% g-C₃N₄/biochar showed the highest total organic carbon (TOC) removal efficiency (65.9%). Radical trapping experiments suggested that superoxide radical (?O₂^?) and hole (h⁺) were the main active species in the photocatalytic process. After 4 cycles, the composite still exhibited activity for catalytic removal of EFA.     

改性赤泥催化剂制备及其催化燃烧甲苯性能

以赤泥固废为原料,采用酸溶-碱沉淀耦合焙烧处理方法制备低成本改性赤泥催化材料,通过XRF,BET,H₂-TPR,热重分析,FT-IR等手段进行表征测试分析,结果发现,酸溶-碱沉淀法耦合焙烧改性后的赤泥比表面积较原始赤泥提高了约26倍,较原始赤泥的甲苯催化活性大幅度提高.H₂-TPR结果表明,改性后赤泥的还原峰温度向低温方向移动,还原峰面积增大,说明改性后的赤泥氧化还原能力增强.在反应温度为300℃时,原始赤泥的甲苯转化率仅为11.6%,改性赤泥的甲苯转化率接近100%.甲苯浓度在1000~4000mg/m³条件下浓度升高,催化甲苯活性降低;空速对甲苯催化活性影响较大.对制备的催化剂进行稳定性测试,研究发现催化剂并无失活或恶化迹象,表明催化剂具有较优良的稳定性.     

白茅海潮滩重金属空间分布特征及生态风险评价

本研究于2020年8月测定了白茅海潮滩表层、次表层（50 cm深）沉积物及间隙水、排放废水中9种重金属（Zn、Cr、Pb、As、Cu、Cd、Ni、Fe、Mn）的含量,利用潜在生态危害指数法以及相关性分析法,结合沉积物粒度特征和TOC含量对白茅海潮滩重金属的分布特征、相关关系和污染风险进行了分析。结果表明,调查区表层沉积物以砂为主,粘土和粉砂含量极少,TOC平均含量为0.031%,重金属含量为Fe>Mn>Zn>Cr>Pb>As>Ni>Cu>Cd。沿岸方向上,P1剖面某些重金属含量高于整个调查区平均含量,出现富集趋势。表层沉积物中的重金属在垂岸方向未表现出明显的分布规律。不同深度沉积物Pb、Zn、Cu、Cr、As、Cd含量均低于国家海洋沉积物I类标准值。间隙水中重金属含量为Mn>Fe>Zn>As>Ni>Cu>Pb>Cr>Cd,Cr、Fe、Mn在不同介质中含量差异较大。调查区氧化还原类金属对重金属含量影响较大,粒度和TOC对重金属含量影响较小。调查区综合潜在生态风险指数ERI为113.03,表现为轻微潜在生态危害。各重金属潜在生态污染程度为Cd>As>Pb>Cu>Zn>Cr。Cd为调查区表层沉积物中的主要污染因子,应列为白茅海潮滩优先控制的重金属。     

Influence of metal ions on sulfonamide antibiotics biochemical behavior in fiber coexisting system

Metal ions and fiber are common compounds in the livestock and poultry manure,which will affect the fate of organic compounds in aqueous environment. However,limited research has addressed the effect of coexisting metal ions and fiber on the biodegradation of sulfonamide antibiotics. Accordingly, a compositing study was performed to assess the effect of metal ions(Fe3+and Cu2+) on the biodegradation of sulfadimethoxine sodium salt(SDM) in the presence of fiber. The enhanced adsorption of SDM onto fiber in the presence of metal ions can be attributed to the π+–π electron donor acceptor(EDA) interaction. The microbial(Phanerochaete chrysosprium) could easily attach onto fiber forming attached microbial, and the degradation rates of SDM of immobilized bacteria in the presence of Fe3 +were 100%, which were significantly higher than those of free bacteria(45%). This study indicates that Fe3 +and fiber could enhance the biodegradation of SDM. Fiber acts as adsorbent, carrier, and substrate which enhanced the removal of SDM.     

某制革企业污染控制与环境管理中若干问题研究

通过对数家制革企业开展调查分析,探讨了制革企业在含铬、含硫废水分流处理和各生产环节臭气防治方面存在的若干技术与管理问题.首先,含铬废水和含硫废水收集与管理不规范统一致使后续废水预处理及生化处理受到影响;部分企业忽略了原皮存放及转运、皮革水场加工车间、污水处理设施等臭气产生环节的细节控制.最后提出针对性的对策与措施建议,包括统一规范含铬废水和含硫废水的收集与预处理范围,加强原皮仓库、水场和污水处理系统的恶臭全过程控制.