真菌生物滤池净化苯乙烯废气的研究

采用接种Aspergillus candidus和Penicillium frequentans的真菌生物滤池处理苯乙烯废气,考察苯乙烯在生物滤池中的净化效果和物质转化特性。苯乙烯的进气质量浓度为200～800 mg/m3,气体流量分别为0.28,0.38和0.48 m3/h,对应的气体停留时间分别为60,45和35 s。试验结果表明:苯乙烯在真菌生物滤池中有较好的处理效果,最大去除能力达66.78 g/(m3.h),真菌生物滤池中二氧化碳的产生量和苯乙烯去除量呈线性关系。微生物分析结果表明,接种的Aspergillus candidus和Penicillium frequentans在反应器内能够长期保持优势地位。     

The Relation Between Sandstorms and Strong Winds in Xinjiang,China

With observational data spanning 1961–1999 from 90 meteorological stations in Xinjiang, China, the spatial and temporal characteristics of sandstorms and strong winds, and the contribution of strong winds to the occurrence of sandstormsare analyzed. Moreover, the dominant wind direction and minimumwind speeds during sandstorm periods are discussed. The research shows that although possessing similar climatic trends, sandstorms and strong winds in Xinjiang have opposite geographical distributions, i.e. places with more sandstorms show fewer strong winds. The contribution of strongwinds to sandstorms in northern Xinjiang is larger than that insouthern Xinjiang. The dominant wind directions clearly indicatethe paths of the weather systems that introduced the sandstorms.The minimum wind speeds in the sandstorms were over 10 ms^-1in northern and eastern Xinjiang and in the Turpan and Yanqi Basins of southern Xinjiang. In Tarim Basin of southern Xinjiang,however, the minimum wind speed was about 6–8 ms^-1, and even 6 ms^-1 at its southern edge.     

固定CO2氢细菌的筛选及其培养条件优化

从土壤中分离筛选到一株高效固定CO2 的氢氧化细菌—专性化能自养菌BHA 15 ,在最佳培养条件下(培养基 ρ/gL-1:NH4 Cl 4.0 ,Na2 HPO4 ·12H2 O 0 .75 ,KH2 PO4 0 .5 ,MgSO4 ·7H2 O 0 .3;V(H2 )∶V(O2 )∶V(CO2 ) =3 .5∶1∶1;pH =7;最适生长温度θ =30℃ ) ,密闭摇瓶中恒温 (30℃ )培养 40h后 ,菌体浓度 ρ(DW)达 1.6mg/mL ,菌体蛋白含量 71.8% .图 7表 2参 12     

冀南野生药用资源植物研究

常用中药中以药用植物占多数，几乎凡具有特殊化学成分及生理作用的植物均可以作为药用植物利用。统计表明，冀南野生药用植物资源丰富，约170种。主要分布在西部山区。本文对其中部分重要药用资源植物的成分、功效作较详细介绍，其它只作一般性介绍：一、冀南重要野生药用植物     

模拟酶蛋白结合物替代HEMIN测定大气过氧化物

在选择最佳测定条件的基础上,对比了模拟酶蛋白结合物和ＨＥＭＩＮ对过氧化物的测定效果。结果表明,ＨＥＭＩＮ－ＢＳＡ效果最好,其对过氧化物的荧光响应信号约是ＨＥＭＩＮ的２倍,该物质在不改变激发和发射光谱的前提下可增强反应活性,提高反应灵敏度,使方法检测限降低至使用ＨＥＭＩＮ时的１／３左右,最低线性值降至原来的１／５左右,同时,精度亦有所提高。     

焦化场地典型多环芳烃类污染物精细化风险评估

为准确评估多环芳烃(PAHs)污染土壤对人体的健康风险,解决目前基于总量风险评估导致土壤PAHs修复目标值过严的问题,采用德国标准研究院颁布的生物可给性测试方式研究了石家庄某焦化厂土壤中苯并[b]荧蒽(BBF)、苯并[k]荧蒽(BKF)、苯并[a]芘(BAP)、茚并[1,2,3-cd]芘(IPY)和二苯并[a,h]蒽(...     

官厅水库和永定河沉积物中多氯联苯和有机氯农药的污染

利用气相色谱-电子捕获检测(GC-ECD)方法对官厅水库-永定河流域沉积物中26种多氯联苯(PCBs)同系物和13种有机氯农药进行了分析测定,在4个采样点均检出多氯联苯和部分有机氯农药.其中PCBs和有机氯农药总量的最高点均出现在永定河下游的三家店,分别为9.7ng*g-1和26.7ng*g-1,按照国际关于沉积物质量的同类研究结果,判定为轻度污染水平.HCH最高仅为4.50ng*g-1,属轻度污染,DDT浓度以八号桥和三家店样点最高,分别为23.2ng*g-1和26.7ng*g-1,属中度污染.有机氯农药总量分布为三家店＞八号桥＞官厅大坝＞雁翅,表明永定河下游多氯联苯和有机氯农药不仅来自官厅上游,也来自下游地区.     

Mechanisms of lead, copper, and zinc retention by phosphate rock

The solid-liquid interface reaction between phosphate rock (PR) and metals (Pb, Cu, and Zn) was studied. Phosphate rock has the highest affinity for Pb, followed by Cu and Zn, with sorption capacities of 138, 114, and 83.2 mmol/kg PR, respectively. In the Pb-Cu-Zn ternary system, competitive metal sorption occurred with sorption capacity reduction of 15.2%, 48.3%, and 75.6% for Pb, Cu, and Zn, respectively compared to the mono-metal systems. A fractional factorial design showed the interfering effect in the order of Pb>Cu>Zn. Desorption of Cu and Zn was sensitive to pH change, increasing with pH decline, whereas Pb desorption was decreased with a strongly acidic TCLP extracting solution (pH = 2.93). The greatest stability of Pb retention by PR can be attributed to the formation of insoluble fluoropyromorphite [Pb(10)(PO(4))(6)F(2)], which was primarily responsible for Pb immobilization (up to 78.3%), with less contribution from the surface adsorption or complexation (21.7%), compared to 74.5% for Cu and 95.7% for Zn. Solution pH reduction during metal retention and flow calorimetry analysis both supported the hypothesis of retention of Pb, Cu, and Zn by surface adsorption or complexation. Flow calorimetry indicated that Pb and Cu adsorption onto PR was exothermic, while Zn sorption was endothermic. Our research demonstrated that PR can effectively remove Pb from solutions, even in the presence of other heavy metals (e.g. Cu, Zn).