贵州关岭晚三叠世早期海生爬行动物Neosinasaurusnom.nov.

笔者在研究关岭晚三叠世早期海生爬行动物(见本刊上期1～23页)时曾命名中国龙属Sinasaurus Zhou (2000).现发现,"Sinasaurus"这个属名早在1940年就已被杨钟健教授研究描述肉食恐龙类Sinosaurus Young (1940)(见Young Z.J., Bull. Geol. Soc. China, 1940,XX (3～4):235～240)时所占用,Sinasaurus是晚出名,应废弃不用,现给与新名Neosinasaurus Zhou, nom. nov. 而替代Sinasaurus Zhou (2000).因Sinasaurus Zhou (2000) 为中国龙科的模式属,故将Sinasauridae Zhou (2000) 更名为新中国龙科(新名)Neosinasauridae Zhou nom.nov..现将Neosinasaurus和Xinpusaurus的分类位置列述如下     

Speciation and fractionation of heavy metals in soil experimentally contaminated with Pb,Cd, Cu and Zn together and effects on soil negative surface charge

Speciation and fractionation of heavy metals in soil subsamples experimentally loaded with Pb, Cd, Cu and Zn in orthogonal design was investigated by sequential extraction, and operationally defined as water-soluble and exchangeable(SE), weakly specific adsorbed( WSA),Fe and Mn oxides-bound(OX) and organic-bound( ORG). The results showed that fractions of heavy metals in the soil subsamples depended on their speciation. About 90% of Cd and 75% of Zn existed in soil subsamples in the SE fraction. Lead and Cu existed in soil subsamples as SE, WSA and OX fractions simultaneously, although SE was still the major fraction. Organic-bound heavy metals were not clearly apparent in all the soil subsamples. The concentration of some heavy metal fractions in soil subsamples showed the good correlation with ionic impulsion of soil, especially for the SE fraction. Continuous saturation of soil subsamples with 0.20 mol/L NH4CI, which is the first step for determination of the negative surface charge of soil by the ion retention method, resulted in desorption of certain heavy metals from the soil. It was found that the percentage desorption of heavy metals from soil subsamples depended greatly on pH, the composition and original heavy metal content of the soil subsamples. However, most of the heavy metals in the soil subsamples were still be retained after multiple saturation. Compared with the parent soil, the negative surface charge of soil subsamples loaded with heavy metals did not show difference significantly from that of the parent one by statistical analysis. Heavy metals existed in the soil subsamples mainly as exchangeable and precipitated simultaneously.     

街道峡谷地面源污染物扩散规律的风洞试验研究

在风洞中１／２５０街道峡谷模型的底板内释放示踪气体，通过对浓度分布特征的观测，分析了街道峡谷 面湖泊污染物的扩散过程及其与街道建筑物结构，风向及排放源强度等因素之间的关系，探讨了中性边界层风洞模拟微尺度湍流扩散过程的相似准则与相似参数，为建立街道峡谷地面源污染物扩散模型提供了物理基础。     

Compound contamination and secondary ecological effects of Cd and As in soil-alfalfa ecosystems

ＣｏｍｐｏｕｎｄｃｏｎｔａｍｉｎａｔｉｏｎａｎｄｓｅｃｏｎｄａｒｙｅｃｏｌｏｇｉｃａｌｅｆｆｅｃｔｓｏｆＣｄａｎｄＡｓｉｎｓｏｉｌ－ａｌｆａｌｆａｅｃｏｓｙｓｔｅｍｓ（ＺｈｏｕＱｉｘｉｎｇ；ＧａｏＺｈｅｎｇｍｉｎ）（ＩｎｓｔｉｔｕｔｅｏｆＡｐｐｌｉｅ...     

示波极谱法测定地面水中的钒

应用钒（ Ｖ） ５ Ｂｒ Ｐ Ａ Ｄ Ａ Ｐ Ｈ２ Ｏ２ 体 系产生的 络合极 谱波对地 面水中 的钒 进行 了测 定，并 讨论了测试 条件。钒 浓度在 ００１ ～２２５ μｇ／２５ ｍ Ｌ 范围 内极谱 电流与钒 含量呈线 性关系 ，本法具有 较高的选择 性和灵 敏度，测定 地面水 中的钒结 果令人 满意     

前屯煤矿矿井水处理作饮用水的技术实践

本文根据前屯煤矿矿井水排放规律和原水水质特征，采用ＫＪＳ型一体化净水器，锰砂除铁滤器及消毒等处理工艺，处理后水质完全达到国家饮用水标准，工程投资和运行费用均较合理。     

1420Al-Li合金超塑特性及微成形

采用最大载荷法研究了 14 2 0Al Li合金的超塑特性 ,根据试验获得的超塑特性参数 ,采用两种形式的模具对 14 2 0Al Li合金的微成形性进行了研究。分析了成形压力、保压时间对微成形的影响 ,采用扫描电镜和金相显微镜分析了成形件的微观形貌 ,更好地理解了材料在微成形时的行为。     

不同粒径污泥生物质炭对水体中Zn污染的吸附效应研究

为了探究3种不同粒径的污泥生物质炭(S1:大粒径 0.165 mm;S2:中粒径为0.025～0.165 mm;S3:小粒径0.025 mm)对Zn的吸附效率和固化稳定的机理,以此为污泥生物质炭在水污染控制方面的应用提供科学依据.利用实验室模拟法,研究不同反应时间、溶液初始pH和重金属浓度对生物炭吸附效果的影响,并运用四步萃取法分析生物炭上Zn的吸附形态.结果表明:①生物炭在4 h左右达到吸附平衡,吸附率呈先增加后平缓的趋势,最终吸附量S1S2S3;②溶液初始浓度为0～2 mmol·L~(-1)时Zn~(2+)的吸附量呈线性增长趋势,但随溶液浓度超过2 mmol·L~(-1)时吸附量开始趋于饱和;③3种不同粒径生物炭的水溶性组分Zn分别占总萃取量的1.70%、5.02%和7.47%,可交换态组分分别占25.27%、32.35%和27.29%,酸溶性组分分别占35.06%、38.63%和27.90%,非生物利用组分分别占37.97%、24.00%和37.34%.④污泥生物质炭的动力学吸附特征更符合准二级动力学吸附模型,单位质量的污泥生物质炭粒径越小吸附量越大;⑤污泥生物质炭的等温吸附特征更符合Langmuir模型,小粒径的生物质炭最大吸附量最优;⑥在酸性条件下随着pH的上升污泥生物质炭的吸附率在逐渐增加,碱性条件下吸附率的增加可能是形成锌的络合物沉淀导致的;⑦Zn的吸附形态以酸溶性和非生物利用态为主,水溶性占比较小.污泥生物质炭对Zn的吸附以化学吸附为主,S1吸附的Zn酸溶性组分和非生物利用组分占比最大,吸附效果较为稳定.     

Detection of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons using a high performance-single particle aerosol mass spectrometer

The real-time detection of the mixing states of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) and nitro-PAHs in ambient particles is of great significance for analyzing the source, aging process, and health effects of PAHs and nitro-PAHs; yet there is still few effective technology to achieve this type of detection. In this study, 11 types of PAH and nitro-PAH standard samples were analyzed using a high performance-single particle aerosol mass spectrometer (HP-SPAMS) in lab studies. The identification principles ‘parent ions’ and ‘mass-to-charge (m/z) = 77’ of each compound were obtained in this study. It was found that different laser energies did not affect the identification of the parent ions. The comparative experiments of ambient atmospheric particles, cooking and biomass burning emitted particles with and without the addition of PAHs were conducted and ruled out the interferences from primary and secondary organics on the identification of PAHs. Besides, the reliability of the characteristic ions extraction method was evaluated through the comparative study of similarity algorithm and deep learning algorithm. In addition, the real PAH-containing particles from vehicle exhaust emissions and ambient particles were also analyzed. This study improves the ability of single particle mass spectrometry technology to detect PAHs and nitro-PAHs, and HP-SPAMS was superior to SPAMS for detecting single particles containing PAHs and nitro-PAHs. This study provides support for subsequent ambient observations to identify the characteristic spectrum of single particles containing PAHs and nitro-PAHs.