全文获取类型
收费全文 | 9838篇 |
免费 | 113篇 |
国内免费 | 93篇 |
专业分类
安全科学 | 284篇 |
废物处理 | 459篇 |
环保管理 | 1243篇 |
综合类 | 1194篇 |
基础理论 | 2667篇 |
环境理论 | 2篇 |
污染及防治 | 2772篇 |
评价与监测 | 708篇 |
社会与环境 | 667篇 |
灾害及防治 | 48篇 |
出版年
2022年 | 100篇 |
2021年 | 76篇 |
2020年 | 65篇 |
2019年 | 72篇 |
2018年 | 145篇 |
2017年 | 139篇 |
2016年 | 229篇 |
2015年 | 164篇 |
2014年 | 237篇 |
2013年 | 742篇 |
2012年 | 296篇 |
2011年 | 440篇 |
2010年 | 362篇 |
2009年 | 395篇 |
2008年 | 470篇 |
2007年 | 476篇 |
2006年 | 422篇 |
2005年 | 366篇 |
2004年 | 323篇 |
2003年 | 375篇 |
2002年 | 324篇 |
2001年 | 503篇 |
2000年 | 331篇 |
1999年 | 192篇 |
1998年 | 137篇 |
1997年 | 133篇 |
1996年 | 138篇 |
1995年 | 162篇 |
1994年 | 125篇 |
1993年 | 102篇 |
1992年 | 123篇 |
1991年 | 118篇 |
1990年 | 130篇 |
1989年 | 130篇 |
1988年 | 94篇 |
1987年 | 87篇 |
1986年 | 65篇 |
1985年 | 90篇 |
1984年 | 89篇 |
1983年 | 86篇 |
1982年 | 82篇 |
1981年 | 73篇 |
1980年 | 61篇 |
1979年 | 68篇 |
1977年 | 54篇 |
1976年 | 48篇 |
1975年 | 53篇 |
1974年 | 51篇 |
1973年 | 53篇 |
1970年 | 45篇 |
排序方式: 共有10000条查询结果,搜索用时 15 毫秒
991.
992.
Extracts of 19 of 24 species of sponge collected from Queensland. Australia, inhibited the growth of test microorganisms in in-vitro assays. A similar result has been obtained by earlier workers for extracts of species of sponge obtained from temperate waters. Some of the extracts, including extracts of Thorecta vasiforis, Arenochalina mirabilis and Acanthella kleutha, showed activity against bacterial strains that was comparable with that exhibited by penicillin G and streptomycin against these strains. Gram-positive bacteria were expecially sensitive to many extracts. Little activity was exhibited by any extract against four species of fungi tested. Some of the extracts were markedly toxic to one or more of the test organisms (a fish, a crustacean and a hydroid) used, but no clear pattern linking toxicity to these organisms with antimicrobial properties of the extracts emerged. In general, there bas a negative correlation between antimicrobial activity and surface-fouling, raising the possibility of using freedom from surface-fouling as an indicator of antimicrobial activity. Four of five encrusting species from the undersides of coral boulders showed antimicrobial activity. This study confirmed the value of using methanol-toluene extracts in field-based screening programmes, but emphasised the need to use additional extracting media such as methylene chloride in order to augment the number of antimicrobial compounds detected. There are indications that antimicrobial activity may be widespread in the order Dictyoceratida, in the order Verongida and in the order Axinellida, but sporadic in other orders of Porifera. 相似文献
993.
First-trimester prenatal diagnosis of a fetus at 25 per cent risk for cystic fibrosis (CF) was performed by indirect linkage analysis of polymorphic markers using Southern blotting and polymerase chain reaction (PCR) amplification. The results revealed discrepancies in the allelic patterns between the father and the affected child, thereby complicating the prediction of fetal outcome. Analysis of a highly polymorphic VNTR locus within the human retinoblas-toma (RB) gene on chromosome 13 showed that the affected child and the fetus did not have the same biological father, and therefore the affected child could not be used to determine linkage of markers in the father of the fetus. The analysis of VNTR loci can be an effective method of resolving conflicting data during prenatal diagnosis of monogenic diseases. 相似文献
994.
995.
Mihailovic D.T. Kapor D. Hogrefe C. Lazic J. Tosic T. 《Environmental Fluid Mechanics》2004,4(1):57-77
In grid-based environmental models, the underlying surface consists of patches of solid and liquid parts and different plant communities, creating a very heterogeneous picture in the grid cell. In these cases, numerical modelers usually use a simple arithmetic average to determine the grid-cell albedo, a key variable in the parameterization of the land-surface radiative transfer over the grid cell. The object of this paper is to consider the assumptions for aggregating the albedo over a very heterogeneous surface where various surfaces occur at different heights, and, then propose a method for deriving a general expression for it. The suggested expression for the albedo is compared with the conventional approach, for the two-patches grid-cell with a simple geometrical distribution and different heights of its components. A numerical test is performed to compare the two approaches by numerical simulation of the evolution of the surface temperature over the particular grid-cell. Specifically, a one-dimensional land-surface model was applied to an isolated rocky grid-cell with a hole in the center; the model was forced with meteorological observations taken on July 17, 1999 in Philadelphia, PA. 相似文献
996.
997.
998.
M. Rifé J. Mallolas C. Badenas B. Tazón M. Rodríguez Miguélez T. Pàmpols A. Sànchez M. Milà 《黑龙江环境通报》2002,22(6):459-462
An Erratum has been published for this article in Prenatal Diagnosis 23 (9), 2003, 771. Fragile X syndrome (SFX) is the commonest form of inherited mental retardation. Due to the highly variable phenotype clinical diagnosis is complicated. In nearly all cases, the disorder is caused by expansion of a CGG-repeat in the 5′-untranslated region of the FMR1 (fragile X mental retardation-1) gene. We have evaluated the feasibility, efficiency and costs of two methodologies in order to develop a simple test to screen large populations: PCR and fragile X mental retardation-1 protein (FMRP) immunodetection. We studied 100 newborn males using PCR and immunodetection (26.91 Euro). All but one amplified the CGG repeat of the FMR1 gene within the normal size range. The sample that failed to amplify showed only 28% of FMRP expression by immunodetection study; both results indicated an affected male. A further 100 males were studied only by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) (7.8 Euro); all of them amplified within the normal size range. Both methodologies, PCR and immunodetection, are feasible for screening large populations, PCR being the most suitable, economical and less time-consuming. However, it is advisable to keep slides for immunodetection when PCR fails or the external control shows no amplification. Early detection of SFX-affected individuals would represent a great benefit for their maximum social integration, due to appropriate treatment and early stimulation and would permit a cascade screening in their pedigree. Copyright © 2002 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献
999.
T. B. Kalinnikova I. A. Krasnoperova T. M. Gainutdinov S. V. Sadykova M. Kh. Gainutdinov 《Russian Journal of Ecology》2005,36(2):109-114
The thermal resistance of Daphnia magna Straus is a trait depending on the interaction between individuals. The group effect is expressed in D. magna as both a decrease in thermal resistance and a marked individual differentiation with respect to thermal resistance. Two types of interactions between individual D. magna have been found: (1) the release of an unidentified factor decreasing thermal resistance (without noticeably changing the phenotypic variability of this trait) into the medium and (2) a decrease in the thermal resistance of individuals poorly adapted to heat stress, with the thermal resistance of well-adapted individuals (determined by the dependence of thermal resistance on interactions between individuals) remaining the same or even slightly increasing.Translated from Ekologiya, No. 2, 2005, pp. 126–131.Original Russian Text Copyright © 2005 by Kalinnikova, Krasnoperova, T. Gainutdinov, Sadykova, M. Gainutdinov. 相似文献
1000.
Maloy Kumar Sahu K Sivakumar T Thangaradjou L Kannan 《Journal of environmental biology / Academy of Environmental Biology, India》2007,28(4):795-798
Sediment samples were collected from different stations of the Vellar estuary for isolation of total actinomycetes and phosphate solubilizing actinomycetes. Phosphatase activity in the sediments was also investigated Consistently a higher number of actinomycetes, phosphate solubilizing actinomycetes and phosphatase activity were recorded from the clay sediments than the sandy sediments at all the stations. In all, 7 strains showed positive phosphatase activity. Among them, one strain PS-3 exhibited good activity and was further investigated for optimum phosphorus solubilization at different pH (6, 6.5, 7, 7.5 and 8) and incubation (1st day to 20th day) periods. The solubilizing activity was maximum at the pH 7 and an incubation period of 13 days was required for an appreciable quantity of phosphorus to be leached into the medium. Based on the chemotaxonomical and conventional methods of identification, the strain PS-3 has been tentatively identified as Streptomyces galbus. The present study indicates that phosphatase enzyme and S. galbus along with other actinomycetes species would play a major role in solubilizing the phosphate in the estuarine ecosystem and increasing the soluble phosphate concentration thereby enhancing the productivity 相似文献