金属离子对好氧活性污泥活性的影响

通过小试装置研究Mg2 、Mn2 、Ni2 、Zn2 、Co2 和Mo6 单独存在时对活性污泥活性的影响.结果发现,Co2 浓度在2 mg/L以下时,对活性污泥活性稍有抑制,其他离子则均有促进作用.Mn2 、Mo6 、Zn2 、Mg2 和Ni2 的促进浓度范围分别是:0.5～3 mg/L,0.5～5 mg/L,0.5～1 mg/L,5～20 mg/L,0.25～1 mg/L.在各自最佳浓度条件下对活性污泥活性促进的主次顺序为:Mg2 ＞Mn2 ＞Zn2 ＞Ni2 ＞Mo6 .     

Mn2+、Mo6+和Zn2+对活性污泥内胞外聚合物组分的影响

通过测定不同浓度的金属离子对活性污泥比耗氧率的影响, 确定了Mn²⁺、Mo⁶⁺和Zn²⁺的最佳促进浓度, 并研究了在各自促进浓度范围内3种金属离子对活性污泥内胞外聚合物(EPS)组分(蛋白质、糖类和核酸)含量变化的影响.结果发现, Mn²⁺、Mo⁶⁺和Zn²⁺的最佳促进浓度均为1mg·L^-1. Mn²⁺和Zn²⁺对EPS各组分的影响较大, 而Mo⁶⁺基本没有产生影响. 试验同时发现, 经低温贮存的污泥, 其EPS含量下降, 其中多糖含量下降最为明显.     

基于特高频法的高压开关柜典型局放缺陷分析及定位

介绍了高压开关柜局部放电特高频法测试的原理及特点,列举了电晕放电、悬浮放电、绝缘沿面放电共3种缺陷放电类型的特高频法的局部放电的幅值 －相位图及幅值 －放电次数统计图,并分析了上述3种放电类型的图谱特征。通过一起特高频法检测高压开关柜局部放电的案例,验证特高频法检测高压开关柜局部放电的实用性。     

接触氧化污水处理技术的研究现状与展望

本文简述了污水处理中生物接触氧化技术的工艺特点及其发展历史，综述了国内外研究及应用现状，为进一步开展该技术的研究和新工艺的开发提供参考。接触氧化技术将是未来我国水处理的主要发展方向之一，文中展望了该技术的一些发展方向。     

卤代物对盐藻的毒性试验及比较

通过国际经合组织(OECD)藻类生长抑制试验的国际标准方法，参照《生活饮用水卫生标准》GB5749-85设置毒物浓度进行试验，得到了三氯甲烷、四氯化碳、三溴甲烷对盐藻(Dunaliella salina)的48h半数有效抑制浓度EC50值，三氯甲烷的为1.17μmol/L，四氯化碳的为1.22μmol/L，三溴甲烷为1.02μmol/L。得到其毒性大小为三溴甲烷＞三氯甲烷＞四氯化碳。     

萃取预处理苯胺基乙腈生产废水试验研究

在苯胺基乙腈生产过程中会产生含苯胺、苯胺基乙腈、氰化物等高浓度高毒性高氨氮有机废水,可生化性较差。本试验以甲苯为萃取剂,保持原水的pH值不变,相比为0.33,经三级逆流萃取处理后,苯胺、总氰化物、氨氮和COD的萃取率可分别达到约91%、93%、42%和52%,BOD/COD由0.23提高到0.27,提高了废水的可生化性,甲苯可采用酸洗再生加蒸馏再生联合的处理方式。     

Preparation and characterization of activated carbon foam from phenolic resin

Activated carbon foam was successfully prepared from phenolic resin synthesized with phenol and formaldehyde under alkali condition. The influence of process variables, such as steam rate, carbonization temperature, carbonization time, activation temperature and activation time on the adsorption capacities of the activated carbon foam was studied. Under the optimum experimental conditions, the activated carbon foam with a specific surface area 727.62 m²/g was obtained. Moreover, the iodine value and carbon tetrachloride value of the activated carbon foam was 1050.28 mg/g and 401.37 mg/g, respectively. The pore size of the activated carbon foam was in the range of 3.5–5 nm which was determined through the N₂ adsorption test. In addition, the yield of the activated carbon foam was 36.24%. The result of scanning electron microscopy (SEM) showed that the activated carbon foam became honeycomb structure, and its pore wall was thinner and smoother compared to the unactivated carbon foam.     

浅析矿山地质环境综合评价

阐述了矿山地质环境综合评价的定义、评价工作的流程,即指评价指标体系的建立、指标权重的确定、指标单元的划分、数学模型的选取等,对评价工作中常用的指标权重确定和数学模型建立方法的原理和应用进行了重点论述,并指出了当前评价过程中存在的问题和进一步完善的建议.     

Chitosan and chemically modified chitosan beads for acid dyes sorption

The capabilities of chitosan and chitosan-EGDE (ethylene glycol diglycidyl ether) beads for removing Acid Red 37 (AR 37) and Acid Blue 25 (AB 25) from aqueous solution were examined. Chitosan beads were cross-linked with EGDE to enhance its chemical resistance and mechanical strength. Experiments were performed as a function of pH, agitation period and concentration of AR 37 and AB 25. It was shown that the adsorption capacities of chitosan were comparatively higher than chitosan-EGDE for both acid dyes. This is mainly because cross-linking using EGDE reduces the major adsorption sites -NH3+ on chitosan. Langmuir isotherm model showed best conformity compared to Freundlich and BET. The kinetic experimental data agreed very well to the pseudo second-order kinetic model. The desorption study revealed that after three cycles of adsorption and desorption by NaOH and HCl, both adsorbents retained their promising adsorption abilities. FT-IR analysis proved that the adsorption of acid dyes onto chitosan-based adsorbents was a physical adsorption. Results also showed that chitosan and chitosan-EGDE beads were favourable adsorbers and could be employed as low-cost alternatives for the removal of acid dyes in wastewater treatment.     

固定化氨氧化细菌短程硝化稳定性研究

以高分子聚合物为载体,采用细胞增殖技术固定氨氧化细菌,研究了氨氮负荷、HRT、初始游离氨(FA)和有机物等因素对短程硝化过程稳定性的影响.实验结果表明,当进水氨氮负荷分别为100、150和200 mg/L时,出水氨氮浓度均小于10 mg/L;当进水氨氮浓度为25.8、51.1和93.3 mg/L时,分别经历3、6、12 h后,出水氨氮浓度低,亚硝化效果好,可以根据进水氨氮浓度的变化,适当地凋整系统水力停留时间(HRT)并优化系统的运行;当游离氨(FA)浓度>9 mg/L时,对氨氧化细菌会产生抑制;低分子有机物的存在对氨氧化细菌的活性具有一定的促进作用,有机物浓度对亚硝化率基本不产生影响,实验过程中在有机物存在的条件下.发生了短程硝化反硝化反应.使得系统总氮减少.