普栉(鰕)虎鱼生物学研究及其资源开发对策

通过对普栉鰕虎鱼的生物学研究和资源现状分析，从做好资源评估，完善管理制度；加强水质监测，保护生态环境；改善繁殖场所，实现人工增殖；加强放流研究，实行规模生产等环节对其资源开发提出了可行性的对策，这对维护生物多样性，将地方特色资源优势持续、有效地转变为经济优势具有重要意义。     

起重伤亡事故分析及司机行为特性研究

介绍了近年来起重伤亡事故概况，并通过对某企业历年来起重伤亡事故的分析，探讨了起重伤亡事故的原因，以及事故发生的一般规律，并对起重司机的行为特性作了研究，为起重事故预防提供了科学依据。     

乡镇工业职业卫生服务与初级卫生保健相结合初探

针对我国乡镇工业职业卫生面临的“高需求、低服务”。以及与农村初级卫生保健(PHC)相脱节问题。提出实施乡镇企业职业卫生与PHC相结合的必要性和迫切性。结合WHO职业卫生合作中心(上海)在华东地区的试点探索,提出两者结合的内容和方式的若干设想,强调从更新观念全面认识PHC和把职业卫生与安全作为PHC组成部分入手,深入实践,共同为卫生部领导下的全国性探索作贡献。     

北方蚕区夏秋蚕病的防范对策

夏秋蚕病是北方蚕桑生产上存在的主要问题,对蚕桑的危害不断扩大。为此,笔者根据多年调查研究,试验摸索出了北方蚕区夏秋蚕病的防范对策。     

浅谈钢筋混凝土结构的可靠性鉴定

系统介绍了混凝土结构检测的主要内容及方法,总结了我国目前可靠性鉴定三种方法的主要理论、优缺点及使用范围,并指出耐久性对可靠性鉴定的重要意义,以及耐久性评估所采用的理论和存在的问题。     

工业企业安全生产管理的规范化研究

根据安全系统工程原理,探讨和提出了一种被当地试点所证明、可行的工业企业安全生产综合、简便的规范化管理方法。把国家有关安全生产法律法规有机地贯穿于基础规范管理工作过程之中;建立了动态性管理模式;为积极引导企业的安全管理工作,由事故管理向预防性管理,从行政管理向依法管理,由传统管理向技术性管理的方向转变,并为促进现代企业形成自主经营,相互制约,依法管理安全生产的运行机制提供了新思路     

Retention equations of nonionic organic chemicals in soil column chromatography with methanol-water eluents

Research efforts dealing with chemical transportation in soils are needed to prevent damage to ground water. Methanol-containing solvents can increase the translocation of nonionic organic chemicals (NOCs). In this study, a general log-linear retention equation, log k' = log k'w - Sphi (Eq. [1]), was developed to describe the mobilities of NOCs in soil column chromatography (SCC). The term phi denotes the volume fraction of methanol in eluent, k' is the capacity factor of a solute at a certain phi value, and log k'w and -S are the intercept and slope of the log k' vs. phi plot. Two reference soils (GSE 17204 and GSE 17205) were used as packing materials, and were eluted by isocratic methanol-water mixtures. A model of linear solvation energy relationships (LSER) was applied to analyze the k' from molecular interactions. The most important factor determining the transportation was found to be the solute hydrophobic partition in soils, and the second-most important factor was the solute hydrogen-bond basicity (hydrogen-bond accepting ability), while the less important factor was the solute dipolarity-polarizability. The solute hydrogen-bond acidity (hydrogen-bond donating ability) was statistically unimportant and deletable. From the LSER model, one could also obtain Eq. [1]. The experimental k' data of 121 NOCs can be accurately explained by Eq. [1]. The equation is promising to estimate the solute mobility in pure water by extrapolating from lower-capacity factors obtained in methanol-water mixed eluents.     

Spatial and temporal organic and heavy metal pollution at Mai Po Marshes Nature Reserve,Hong Kong

An intensive monthly sampling of water and sediments from 12 sites over 8 months covering wet and dry seasons at Mai Po Marshes Nature Reserve was conducted during June 1997-February 1998. Major organic (C, N and P) and heavy metal pollutants (Cd, Cr, Cu, Ni, Pb, Zn) water and sediment samples were examined. The results showed that Mai Po Marshes were severely polluted by organic matter and heavy metals, and the water from Deep Bay appeared to be the source of pollution. Up to 13-55% chance that the sediments of Mai Po Marshes were classified as moderately to seriously metal contaminated materials, according to the guideline set by Hong Kong Government. Empirical models describing organic matter and heavy metal spatial and seasonal dynamics in the water and sediments were formulated, based on data analysis. During wet season (June-October), more than 58% variations of total P can be explained by ortho-P in water, while ammonia-N explained up to 90% variations of total Kjeldahl nitrogen in water. Throughout the whole sampling period (June-February), there were significant correlations (p<0.01) between total organic C in water. pH in the sediments and salinity in water appeared to be important factors determining heavy metal mobility in sediments, while potential metal release from the sediments is a concern when any oxidizing processes such as flooding or dredging are imposed on sediments.     

输电线路建设项目水土保持方案编制的几点认识

针对输电建设项目的特点,阐述了输电线路与一般线形建设项目水土保持方案的不同之处,提出了输电线路水土保持方案编制的程序、内容及方法.     

公路黄土路堑高边坡植物防护研究

首先根据大量现场调查资料,归纳出了黄土路堑高边坡的8类地质结构模型和坡面破坏类型;再根据公路工程地质分区,并结合边坡地质结构模型,提出了黄土地区公路路堑高边坡植物防护的基本原则;最后,在保证边坡整体稳定的合理坡型的基础上,提出了公路黄土路堑高边坡植物防护技术方案。