Monoclonal antibody produced by heterologous indirect enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and its application for parathion residue determination in agricultural and environmental samples

A heterologous indirect enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) was developed, which was based on monoclonal antibody (Mab) to determine parathion residue in agricultural and environmental samples. Eight Mabs were produced by introducing the heterologous indirect ELISA into the screening procedure. It was shown that these Mabs had more broad-reactivity with twenty competitors than that of 5H7 (Mab produced by homologous screening). So it became much easier using these new Mabs to develop heterologous immunoassays. In addition, all the developed heterologous ELISAs could be used to determine parathion residue in semiquantitative or quantitative level, and their detection limitation (LOD) was around 2 ng/mL. Compared with the previous heterologous ELISA (hapten 11/5H7) with IC₅₀ of 13.3 ng/mL, a better heterologous ELISA (hapten 11/1E1) was obtained with IC₅₀ of 3.8 ng/mL, which improved the sensitivity 3.5 times. Finally, the latter was applied to parathion residue determination in spiked agricultural and environmental samples without extraction or cleanup. The average recoveries of parathion added to water, soil, cucumber, Chinese cabbage and carrot were between 80.4 % and 111.8 %. The LOD for water and soil samples was 5 ng/mL, and the LOD for cucumber, rice and corn samples was 10 ng/mL.     

江苏省铅蓄电池行业环保现状及对策

近年来铅蓄电池行业血铅污染事件引发了社会各界群众的高度关注,国家和地方也陆续颁布和实施了一系列控制重金属污染的法规政策,将铅蓄电池行业推向了改革的风口浪尖。经过几年的初步改革,虽然相关企业的环保行为有所提升,但与国家和地方的要求仍存在不小差距。以江苏省现有规模以上铅蓄电池生产企业为研究对象,深入剖析各企业在环境保护方面存在的突出问题,有针对性的提出环保发展对策,为全省乃至全国铅蓄电池行业的综合整治和产业升级指明方向,具有重要的现实意义。     

Using fuzzy method to evaluate safety condition of big diesel engine

Big diesel engine is one of the most important equipments in industry, and its safety condition plays a great role in oil production. This paper presents a fuzzy method to monitor the safety state of the big diesel. Six useful diagnostic characteristic parameters have been selected to diagnose safety condition of the big diesel engine. The standard fuzzy vector was obtained by using statistical method, so the status of big diesel's safety condition can be determined by calculating the fuzzy distance between the fuzzy vector and standard fuzzy vector. This fuzzy method has been successfully used on PZ12V190 diesel engine.     

城市发展质量的综合评价--以江苏省13个省辖市为例

在城市发展质量评价指标体系构建的基础上,依据一定的规则确定各评价指标的目标值,根据综合评价方法,对江苏省13个省辖市2000-2002年各城市发展质量进行综合分析.提出测算城市质量系统间协调发展程度的一般计量模型,根据此模型及城市发展质量综合评价的结论,分别研究了13个城市在近三年的城市化进程中,城市质量系统发展的协调性.     

火电厂节水降耗措施

火电厂是耗水大户,随着水资源的日渐匮乏及环保法律的日趋严格,合理利用水资源,已成为火电厂面临的紧迫任务.在对国内用水指标进行分析的基础上,提出改造火电厂循环冷却水系统和除灰渣系统、建立废水回收利用系统、完善水务管理等节水措施,为火电厂的节水降耗和安全经济运行提供理论指导.     

Fatty acids and algal lipids as precursors of chlorination by-products

Six common algal fatty acids (FAs) with different numbers of double bonds, lipophilic fractions and proteins extracted from the diatom Navicula pelliculosa and algal cells were chlorinated to evaluate their potential in generating disinfection by-products (DBPs). The result showed that the more double bonds in the FAs, the higher the amounts of chloroform and dichloroacetic acid (DCAA) produced, but such a pattern was not observed for trichloroacetic acid (TCAA). Based on the previously reported composition of fatty acids in algal lipids, the DBP generation potentials of algal lipids were calculated. These predicted values were much lower than those measured in the chlorinated algal lipophilic fraction, suggesting unknown lipophilic fraction(s) served as potent DBPs precursors. Another calculation attempted to predict DBP production in algal cells based on algal lipid and protein composition, given quantified measured DBP production per unit algal lipid and proteins. The analysis showed that the observed DBP production was similar to that predicted (< 35% difference), suggesting that algal biochemical compositions may serve as a bioindicator for preliminary estimation of chloroform, DCAA and TCAA formation upon chlorinating algae.     

重金属离子与依诺沙星相互作用的荧光光谱法研究

荧光分析法是利用物质的荧光性质对物质进行分析的方法,文章应用荧光法研究了不同温度下重金属离子Cu2+、Pb2+及Mn2+与喹诺酮类药物依诺沙星(ENX)的相互作用。结果表明:Cu2+、Pb2+及Mn2+对ENX内源荧光的猝灭机制属于形成复合物所引起的静态猝灭,利用Stern-Volmer关系式计算了ENX与重金属离子Cu2+、Pb2+及Mn2+之间的猝灭常数KSV及结合位点数,根据热力学参数(自由能变ΔG、焓变ΔH、熵变ΔS)确定了ENX与重金属离子之间的主要作用力类型为静电作用力。该研究为探讨环境中重金属离子与ENX的作用机理和环境效应提供了理论依据。     

袋式除尘器进气均布板结构参数对气流分布的影响分析

针对袋式除尘器的进气均布板主要结构参数对气流分布影响的问题,采用正交试验方法进行CFD模拟试验设计,并以气流速度相对均方根σ值作为气流均匀性的评价指标。研究结果给出了σ与板数n、板长L、挡板上端距灰斗顶部截面高度ΔH、挡板前后偏角θ及过滤风速v之间的函数关系式。表明适当增加n、增大ΔH和θ、减小L、降低v,可以提高进气流分布均匀程度,影响进气均匀分布程度的排序为L>θ>n>ΔH>ΔL。     

大气细颗粒物(PM_(2.5))在环境科学中的研究简述

细颗粒物作为一种重要的大气污染物,其形态与组成非常复杂,本身所具有的毒性和对环境的有害性已日益受到重视。文章对细颗粒物PM2.5在环境科学中的研究进行了概括,提出了自己的一些见解。     

氨法烟气脱硫循环液沉降试验研究

通过湿法烟气脱硫副产硫酸铵生产工艺中的循环母液混凝试验,讨论母液的沉降性能,初步探讨母液被循环浓缩的程度对混凝处理效果的影响。