含氰废水的氧化处理

介绍了处理含氰废水碱氯氧化法、双氧水氧化法、臭氧氧化法等几种氧化法的基本原理，并进行了对比分析。     

城市住宅区噪声污染及其综合防治

我国城市住宅区噪声污染较严重，主要原因是项目审批不严、市政规划欠佳以及管理松懈。为此，应加强综合治理，即应加强行政法治管理，制订并实施综合技术措施，加强公共舆论监督。     

重庆电厂炉前煤及飞灰中As元素在有机酸作用下的淋滤行为

采用模拟酸雨手段，突出有机酸对Ａｓ元素的淋出作用。分别配置ｐＨ＝４．４７的硝酸、乙酸及硝酸与乙酸的混酸三种淋滤液，对重庆电厂炉前煤及飞灰中的Ａｓ元素进行４０ｈ的淋滤实验，以探讨有机酸淋滤条件下Ａｓ元素的淋出行为。结果表明：有机酸淋滤液对炉前煤及飞灰中的Ａｓ元素具有较强的淋出作用，有机酸中Ｈ＾＋的缓冲释放作用是导致Ａｓ元素较强淋出率的主要因素。     

应用OCMA-220型油分仪测定水样中油含量在实际工作中的几个问题

ＯＣＭＡ－２２０型油分仪应用非散红外光谱法测定水样中油的含量，测定结果较稳定，准确度较高，在环境监测中应用广泛。实际操作中，水样中悬浮料粒子较多且萃取层与ＣＣＬ４层为乳化状态时，必须经滤纸过滤和无水Ｎａ２ＳＯ４脱水处理，才能进行测定。但经滤纸过滤和无水Ｎａ２ＳＯ４脱水处理后，空白值分别在５ｐｐｍ和１６ｐｐｍ以上，如果样品油含量较低时，产生的系统误差，将导致分析结果准确度降低。     

中国环境经济损益价值评估研究进展

阐述了中国环境经济损益价值评估的理论与方法的来源,水、气、固废、噪声、综合环境经济损失等方面的评估研究.指出国内应用最多的是基于市场的方法,而支付意愿调查法(CVM)的应用则显得不成熟;从业人员多为工程技术背景,经济学基础薄弱阻碍了我国环境经济价值评估工作的进一步发展和完善.     

中德财政合作辽宁朝阳生态造林项目管理及相应对策

林业管理一直是我国林业发展的弱项,造成"两率"低的主要原因除技术问题或资金问题外,机制问题和管理问题也是重要的方面,本文阐述了中德财政合作辽宁朝阳生态造林项目管理存在的主要问题,提出了解决问题的相应对策.     

The EDTA effect on phytoextraction of single and combined metals-contaminated soils using rainbow pink (Dianthus chinensis)

Rainbow pink (Dianthus chinensis), a potential phytoextraction plant, can accumulate high concentrations of Cd from metal-contaminated soils. The soils used in this study were artificially added with different metals including (1) CK: original soil, (2) Cd-treated soil: 10 mg Cd kg(-1), (3) Zn-treated soil: 100 mg Zn kg(-1), (4) Pb-treated soil: 1000 mg Pb kg(-1), (5) Cd-Zn-treated soil: 10 mg Cd kg(-1) and 100 mg Zn kg(-1), (6) Cd-Pb-treated soil: 10 mg Cd kg(-1) and 1000 mg Pb kg(-1), (7) Zn-Pb-treated soil: 100 mg Zn kg(-1) and 1000 mg Pb kg(-1), and (8) Cd-Zn-Pb-treated soil: 10 mg Cd kg(-1), 100 mg Zn kg(-1), and 1000 mg Pb kg(-1). Three concentrations of 2Na-EDTA solutions (0 (control), 2, and 5 mmol kg(-1) soil) were added to the different metals-treated soils to study the influence of applied EDTA on single and combined metals-contaminated soils phytoextraction using rainbow pink. The results showed that the Cd, Zn, Pb, Fe, or Mn concentrations in different metals-treated soil solutions significantly increased after applying 5 mmol EDTA kg(-1) (p<0.05). The metal concentrations in different metals-treated soils extracted by deionized water also significantly increased after applying 5 mmol EDTA kg(-1) (p<0.05). Because of the high extraction capacity of both 0.005 M DTPA (pH 5.3) and 0.05 M EDTA (pH 7.0), applying EDTA did not significantly increase the Cd, Zn, or Pb concentration in both extracts for most of the treatments. Applying EDTA solutions can significantly increase the Cd and Pb concentrations in the shoots of rainbow pink (p<0.05). However, this was not statistically significant for Zn because of the low Zn concentration added into the contaminated soils. The results from this study indicate that applying 5 mmol EDTA kg(-1) can significantly increase the Cd, Zn, or Pb concentrations both in the soil solution or extracted using deionized water in single or combined metals-contaminated soils, thus increasing the accumulated metals concentrations in rainbow pink shoots. The proposed method worked especially well for Pb (p<0.05). The application of 2 mmol EDTA kg(-1) might too low to enhance the phytoextraction effect when used in silty clay soils.     

Fenton试剂氧化降解聚丙烯酰胺污水及其反应动力学研究

采用Fenton试剂氧化处理聚丙烯酰胺(HPAM)污水取得了良好的效果.通过正交试验得到了Fenton试剂各影响因素的影响权重,并通过单因素实验确定了最佳实验条件.研究了Fenton试剂中各影响因素的作用机制,在最佳实验条件下,HPAM的降解率能达到近89%.针对Fenton试剂氧化处理HPAM的反应特性,深入研究了反应动力学模型,确定反应为一级反应.     

扬州市危险废弃物现状及处置措施

通过对扬州市危险废弃物环境管理现状的分析,提出了加强危险废物环境管理的几点措施.     

Trends in concentration of ground-level ozone and meteorological conditions during high ozone episodes in the Kao-Ping Airshed, Taiwan

This work analyzes the variations in daily maximum 1-hr ozone (O3) concentrations and the long-term trends in annual means of hourly ambient concentrations of O3, nitrogen oxides (nitrous oxide + nitrogen dioxide), and nonmethane hydrocarbons in the three administrative regions of Kao-Ping airshed in southern Taiwan over a recent 8-yr period. The annual or monthly means of all maxima, most 95th percentiles, and some 90th percentiles of the daily maximum 1-hr O3 concentrations exceed the daily limit of 120 parts per billion by volume in all three regions, namely, Kao-hsiung City, Kso-hsiung County, and P'ing-tung County. The monthly means of daily maximum 1-hr O3 concentrations exhibit distinct seasonal variations, with a bimodal form with the maxima in autumn and late winter to the middle of spring and a minimum in summer. The long-term variations in the annual means of hourly O3 concentrations in the three regions exhibit increasing trends. These increases in O3 are associated with the decline in ambient concentrations of nitrogen oxides and nonmethane hydrocarbons. High O3 episodes occur most often in autumn and most rarely in summer. The seasonal mean mixing heights in descending order follow the order of spring, summer, autumn, and winter. Meteorological parameters in autumn and winter indicate that the ground-level O3 tends to accumulate and trigger a high O3 episode on a warm day with sufficient sunlight and low wind in a high-pressure system, consistent with the low mixing heights in these two seasons.