Fine particle-bound PAHs derivatives at mountain background site (Mount Tai) of the North China: Concentration, source diagnosis and health risk assessment

Ten nitrated polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (nPAHs) and 4 oxygenated polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (oPAHs) in fine particulate matter (PM_2.5) samples from Mount Tai were analyzed during summer (June to August), 2015. During the observation campaign, the mean concentration of total nPAHs and oPAHs was 31.62 pg/m³ and 0.15 ng/m³, respectively. Two of the monitored compounds, namely 9-nitro-anthracene (9N-ANT) (6.86 pg/m³) and 9-fluorenone (9FO) (0.05 ng/m³) were the predominant compounds of nPAHs and oPAHs, respectively. The potential source and long-range transportation of nPAHs and oPAHs were investigated by the positive matrix factorization (PMF) method and the potential source contribution function (PSCF) methods. The results revealed that biomass/coal burning, gasoline vehicle emission, diesel vehicle emission and secondary formation were the dominant sources of nPAHs and oPAHs, which were mainly from Henan province and Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region and Bohai sea. The incremental life cancer risk (ILCR) values were calculated to evaluate the exposure risk of nPAHs and oPAHs for three group people (infant, children and adult), and the values of ILCR were 7.02 × 10^?10, 3.49 × 10^?9 and 1.41 × 10^?8 for infant, children and adults, respectively. All these values were lower than the standard of EPA (Environmental Protection Agency) (<10^?6), indicating acceptable health risk of nPAHs and oPAHs.     

Potential applications of porous organic polymers as adsorbent for the adsorption of volatile organic compounds

Volatile organic compounds (VOCs) with high toxicity and carcinogenicity are emitted from kinds of industries, which endanger human health and the environment. Adsorption is a promising method for the treatment of VOCs due to its low cost and high efficiency. In recent years, activated carbons, zeolites, and mesoporous materials are widely used to remove VOCs because of their high specific surface area and abundant porosity. However, the hydrophilic nature and low desorption rate of those materials limit their commercial application. Furthermore, the adsorption capacities of VOCs still need to be improved. Porous organic polymers (POPs) with extremely high porosity, structural diversity, and hydrophobic have been considered as one of the most promising candidates for VOCs adsorption. This review generalized the superiority of POPs for VOCs adsorption compared to other porous materials and summarized the studies of VOCs adsorption on different types of POPs. Moreover, the mechanism of competitive adsorption between water and VOCs on the POPs was discussed. Finally, a concise outlook for utilizing POPs for VOCs adsorption was discussed, noting areas in which further work is needed to develop the next-generation POPs for practical applications.     

妫水河湿地植物作用及调水水质响应模拟

本文基于湿地植物在河流湖泊中的物理、生化反应机制,应用MIKE21中EcoLab的编辑功能,建立湿地植物的水质模块,将植物的阻流、产氧、耗氧及微生物和植物吸收营养盐过程参与计算中,耦合湿地水动力实现水质模拟.在对妫水河表流湿地调研及监测基础上,建立妫水河下游与三里河的模型,考虑湿地植物类型、分布及水量变化下的植物有效面积等作用,定量研究工程尺度上河流湿地水动力及水质净化效果.计算中采用实测数据率定湿地植物对水质作用的关键参数,并对模拟结果进行验证.通过模拟,无循环系统对支流三里河及上游调水时,岸带湿地建设后相比建设前,下游出口处氨氮、磷酸盐和总氮的浓度下降了14.29%、 33.33%和20.00%;循环系统运行后,三里河和妫水河上游流量分别增加0.4 m~3·s~(-1),使得部分河段水位抬升,断面平均流速略有增加,三里河和妫水河的有效湿地覆盖率分别增加了144.44%和13.16%,出水口处水质与工程前相比,氨氮、磷酸盐和总氮分别下降了35.71%、 50.00%和46.67%,循环体系的建设加强了湿地净化功能.模型有机地将湿地植物分布融合进模型水质计算中,为河湖湿地生态修复、方案设计和水利调控等综合措施下的水质响应研究提供了模型方法和技术支撑.     

内分泌干扰类农药生物检测技术的研究进展

内分泌干扰类农药会严重影响人类和其他动物的健康,而生物检测技术是内分泌干扰类农药的快速、简便的检测方法.本文介绍了内分泌干扰类农药常用的生物检测方法与技术,主要包括活体试验、离体试验与非细胞试验,并比较了各种方法的优缺点,列举了各方法在国内外环境激素测评中的应用现状,为我国内分泌干扰类农药生物检测技术的开发与应用提供了...     

基于SBR反应器的ANAMMOX工艺的启动运行

采用SBR反应器,接种好氧硝化污泥,在142 d内于较高负荷下成功启动了厌氧氨氧化反应器.反应器总氮容积负荷(以N计)为0.43 kg/m3·d,总氮去除率最高达到93.3%,平均为80.5%;氨氮和亚硝酸盐氮的去除率最高达到93.9%和99.8%,平均去除率为81.2%和85.7%.在稳定运行阶段,氨氮去除量、亚硝酸盐氮去除量、硝酸盐氮生成量三者之间的比值为1:1.38:0.18.反应器启动过程中,出水、进水pH差值的变化趋势由负到正,然后稳定在一定范围内;且污泥性状有较大变化,污泥中微生物所占比率有所提高,整个反应器中适应厌氧氨氧化运行方式的菌种增殖较快.     

湖泊富营养化模型的研究进展

湖泊的富营养化是全球普遍关注的环境问题之一.湖泊的富营养化模型是防治、修复和治理湖泊富营养化的重要决策工具.按研究的侧重点不同,将湖泊富营养化模型分为简单回归模型、水质模型、生态模型和生态-水动力水质模型,并分别回顾了四类模型的研究进展.最后指出湖泊富营养化模型的发展趋势,强调不确定理论、3S技术、耦合模型是今后湖泊富营养化模型研究的重点,应在此基础上建立通用的模拟、预测、评价和优化模型,为湖泊富营养化管理提供科学依据.     

Reinforcing and Toughening Modification of PPC/PBS Blends Compatibilized with Epoxy Terminated Hyperbranched Polymers

Journal of Polymers and the Environment - Polypropylene carbonate (PPC)/polybutylene succinate (PBS) blends were prepared by melt-blending with terminal epoxy-based hyperbranched polymers (EHBP) as...     

The spillover effect of fiscal environmental protection spending on residents’ medical and healthcare expenditure: evidence from China

Environmental Geochemistry and Health - The Chinese government has not only been increasing investments in environmental protection, improving the quality of the ecological environment, but has...     

Pollutant decontamination by polyethyleneimine-engineered agricultural waste materials: a review

Environmental Chemistry Letters - The direct discharge of untreated contaminants into global water systems has jeopardized our water security worldwide. This environmental concern has prompted...