长江水体氯化过程中强致突变物前驱物的筛选

ＭＸ「３－氯－４－（二氯甲基）－５－羟基－２（５Ｈ）－呋喃酮」是饮用水液氯消毒中产生的一种具有强致突变性的副产物,利用一系列ＸＡＤ吸附树脂和大孔离子交换树脂将长江水中的溶解态有机物分离为溶解态腐殖酸类,憎水弱酸类,憎水碱类,憎水中性物类,亲水酸类,亲水碱类６种组分,分别对不同组分的有机物进行氯化处理,用ＧＣ／ＭＳ选择离子峰面积法测定产物中的ＭＸ。     

全国排污申报登记系统的研究与开发

简要介绍全国排污申报登记系统的指标体系设计,信息分类偏码,重点污染源筛选和系统结构设计、功能,程序设计等主要技术方法,并结合系统开发经验阐述了全国排污申报统一软件的研究成果及其功能特点。     

超标概率场在污水海洋处置工程浓度场分析中的应用

以深圳市宝安污水海洋处置工程为背景,针对目前国内外进行排放口近区研究存在的问题,提出了一套解决这些问题的方法．建立了一套详细的采用超标概率场、侵袭频率场分析时域法的计算结果的方法．通过输入排放口丰、枯水期大、小潮的监测数据,计算得出了这４种状况下,排放污水产生的超标概率场和侵袭频率场,并得出了相应的结论     

Biogeochemical sulphur cycle in Haihe River Basin

ＢｉｏｇｅｏｃｈｅｍｉｃａｌｓｕｌｐｈｕｒｃｙｃｌｅｉｎＨａｉｈｅＲｉｖｅｒＢａｓｉｎＬｉｕＱｕａｎｙｏｕ（ＲｅｓｅａｒｃｈＣｅｎｔｅｒｆｏｒＥｃｏ－ＥｎｖｉｒｏｎｍｅｎｔａｌＳｃｉｅｎｃｅｓ．ＣｈｉｎｅｓｅＡｃａｄｅｍｙｏｆＳｃｅｉｅｎｃｅｓ，Ｂｅ...     

Comparing dark- and photo-Fenton-like degradation of emerging pollutant over photo-switchable Bi2WO6/CuFe2O4: Investigation on dominant reactive oxidation species

The extensive use of tetracycline hydrochloride (TCH) poses a threat to human health and the aquatic environment. Here, magnetic p-n Bi₂WO₆/CuFe₂O₄ catalyst was fabricated to efficiently remove TCH. The obtained Bi₂WO₆/CuFe₂O₄ exhibited 92.1% TCH degradation efficiency and 50.7% and 35.1% mineralization performance for TCH and raw secondary effluent from a wastewater treatment plant in a photo-Fenton-like system, respectively. The remarkable performance was attributed to the fact that photogenerated electrons accelerated the Fe(III)/Fe(II) and Cu(II)/Cu(I) conversion for the Fenton-like reaction between Fe(II)/Cu(I) and H₂O₂, thereby generating abundant ?OH for pollutant oxidation. Various environmental factors including H₂O₂ concentration, initial pH, catalyst dosage, TCH concentration and inorganic ions were explored. The reactive oxidation species (ROS) quenching results and electron spin resonance (ESR) spectra confirmed that ?O₂^? and ?OH were responsible for the dark and photo-Fenton-like systems, respectively. The degradation mechanisms and pathways of TCH were proposed, and the toxicity of products was evaluated. This work contributes a highly efficient and environmentally friendly catalyst and provides a clear mechanistic explanation for the removal of antibiotic pollutants in environmental remediation.     

Effects of Zr substitution on soot combustion over cubic fluorite-structured nanoceria: Soot-ceria contact and interfacial oxygen evolution

Ceria is widely used as a catalyst for soot combustion, but effects of Zr substitution on the reaction mechanism is ambiguous. The present work elucidates effects of Zr substitution on soot combustion over cubic fluorite-structured nanoceria. The nanostructured CeO₂, Ce_0.92Zr_0.08O₂, and Ce_0.84Zr_0.16O₂ composed of 5–6 nm crystallites display T_m-CO2 (the temperature at maximum CO₂ yield) at 383, 355, and 375°C under 10 vol.% O₂/N₂, respectively. The size of agglomerate decreases from 165.5 to 51.9–57.3 nm, which is beneficial for the soot-ceria contact. Moreover, Zr increases the amount of surface oxygen vacancies, generating more active oxygen (O₂^? and O^?) for soot oxidation. Thus, the activities of Ce_0.92Zr_0.08O₂ and Ce_0.84Zr_0.16O₂ in soot combustion are better than that of CeO₂. Although oxygen vacancies promote the migration of lattice O^2?, the enriched surface Zr also inhibits the mobility of lattice O^2?. Therefore, the T_m-CO2 of Ce_0.84Zr_0.16O₂ is higher than that of Ce_0.92Zr_0.08O₂. Based on reaction kinetic study, soot in direct contact with ceria preferentially decomposes with low activation energy, while the oxidation of isolated soot occurs through diffusion with high activation energy. The obtained findings provide new understanding on the soot combustion over nanoceria.     

湿法烟气脱硫技术研究进展

SO2的污染影响了环境生态及人类的生活,已经引起了世界各国的广泛关注。介绍了国内外湿法烟气脱硫技术的工艺研究现状,讨论了相关技术存在的问题,并总结了湿法烟气脱硫技术的新进展和发展趋势,为该方法的进一步研究及工业化应用提供了参考。     

铁屑过滤-生化处理香兰素废水实验研究

为解决吉化集团香兰素废水处理难题,采用铁屑过滤-生化法处理香兰素生产废水。在进水ρ(COD)=7481 mg/L,铁屑过滤停留时间8 h,生化反应停留时间7 d的条件下,COD去除率可达90%以上。可见铁屑过滤-生化法工艺处理香兰素废水具有较好的效果。     

短程硝化颗粒污泥的快速培养与硝化特性研究

以城市污水处理厂剩余污泥为种泥,以2 min沉淀时间为选择压,在序批式反应器(SBR)中快速培养出好氧颗粒污泥。经过60个周期(20 d),反应器内出现砂粒状颗粒,并持续稳定运行120 d。成熟的颗粒污泥平均粒径856.56μm,具有良好的硝化性能。SBR反应器以固定曝气时间方式运行,亚硝酸盐积累率达80%以上,实现了稳定短程硝化。试验结果表明:絮体污泥(即接种污泥)与颗粒污泥的硝化过程相似但略有差异。二者差别在于,氨氮氧化结束后,继续曝气120 min,絮体污泥将亚硝酸盐完全转化为硝酸盐,而颗粒污泥仅将部分亚硝酸盐转化且过程比较缓慢。