臭氧-固定化生物活性炭滤池深度处理石化废水的试验研究

针对石化废水中不同特征污染物,采用人工分离筛选去除COD和油工程菌6株、硝化工程菌10株(亚硝化细菌5株、硝化细菌5株)构建高效混合菌群,通过臭氧固定化生物活性炭滤池除污染效能中试研究表明,该系统深度处理石化难降解有机废水是可行的,能同时实现去除COD、油类、NH3 N等污染物的功效,对COD、油类、NH3 N和色度的平均去除率分别为73 0%、90 5%、81 2%和90%,相应的出水分别为33 2mg/L、0 4mg/L、4 5mg/L和10倍,各项指标均达到了国家循环冷却水的用水要求,它的推广应用必将带来显著的环境效益、社会效益和经济效益。     

新生态二氧化锰对水中三价砷去除作用的研究

研究了新生态MnO2对水中As(Ⅲ)的去除效果。结果表明:新生态MnO2对As(Ⅲ)去除率高,作用速度快,作用过程符合二级动力学方程;pH=6.5时吸附等温线符合Langmuir和Frundlich方程;pH<7时,As(Ⅲ)的去除率均达80%以上,受pH和初始浓度影响较小,且与H3AsO3的pKa无关的非特性吸附;阴离子与As(Ⅲ)有吸附竞争作用,阳离子的加入可使As(Ⅲ)的去除率接近100%。     

选择性催化还原废气脱硝技术

选择性催化还原（SCR）法是目前普遍采用的废气催化脱硝方法。详细介绍了SCR废气脱硝的原理、工艺流程、运行控制的主要影响因素如催化剂的活性、反应温度、氨气加入量等及工业应用实例。     

微囊藻毒素在超声场中的降解研究

研究了功率超声对有毒蓝藻的主要次级代谢物藻毒素的降解作用,以及超声参数等条件对降解效果的影响.结果表明微囊藻毒素在超声场中具有很好的降解效果,实验条件下,频率为150 kHz的超声对藻毒素的降解效果最好,其功率为40 W时,作用20 min后藻毒素的降解率可达到70%以上.同时紫外光辐照可以有效地强化超声对藻毒素的降解.     

构建循环经济体系的系统经济学分析

本文首先从经济系统与循环经济体系之间的关系出发,论述了大力建设循环经济体系的关键点;接着描述传统经济系统中存在的主要问题,分析现有循环经济研究框架的不足;最后从系统经济学角度提出了一些完善中国循环经济体系建设的对策。     

Denitrification and phosphorus uptake by DPAOs using nitrite as an electron acceptor by step-feed strategies

Denitrifying phosphorus accumulating organisms (DPAOs) using nitrite as an electron acceptor can reduce more energy. However, nitrite has been reported to have an inhibition on denitrifying phosphorus removal. In this study, the step-feed strategy was proposed to achieve low nitrite concentration, which can avoid or relieve nitrite inhibition. The results showed that denitrification rate, phosphorus uptake rate and the ratio of the phosphorus uptaken to nitrite denitrified (anoxic P/N ratio) increased when the nitrite concentration was 15 mg·L^-1 after step-feeding nitrite. The maximum denitrification rate and phosphorus uptake rate was 12.73 mg NO2-–N·g MLSS-1?h-1 and 18.75 mg PO43-–P·g MLSS-1?h-1, respectively. These rates were higher than that using nitrate (15 mg·L^-1) as an electron acceptor. The maximum anoxic P/N ratio was 1.55 mg PO43--P?mg NO2--N-1. When the nitrite concentration increased from 15 to 20 mg NO2--N?L-1 after addition of nitrite, the anoxic phosphorus uptake was inhibited by 64.85%, and the denitrification by DPAOs was inhibited by 61.25%. Denitrification rate by DPAOs decreased gradually when nitrite (about 20 mg·L^-1) was added in the step-feed SBR. These results indicated that the step-feed strategy can be used to achieve denitrifying phosphorus removal using nitrite as an electron acceptor, and nitrite concentration should be maintained at low level (<15 mg·L^-1 in this study).     

Apparent relationships between anthropogenic factors and climate change indicators and POPs deposition in a lacustrine system

Climate change and anthropogenic activities are expected to impact the environmental behaviors and fates of persistent organic pollutants(POPs), however, quantitative studies on these combined factors are scarce. In this study, dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane(DDTs), polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons(PAHs), and polychlorinated biphenyls(PCBs)were used as examples to identify how and when those factors may be related to the deposition of POPs in the sediment of Lake Chaohu, China, using generalized additive models(GAMs). Three historical trends of DDT, PAH, and PCB deposition were delineated in a dated sediment core encompassing ～100 years of historical record: a steady state or gradually increasing stage, a rapidly increasing stage, and a declining stage. The GAM results showed that aquatic total phosphorus(TP) concentrations and regional GDP(anthropogenic factors) were dominant contributors to POP accumulation rates in the lake sediment. The fitted relationships between air temperature and sedimentary DDT and PAH concentrations were linear and negative, while a positive linear relationship was found for PCBs, suggesting that Lake Chaohu may have become a net source for DDTs and PAHs, and a sink for PCBs, under a progressively warming climate.     

厂坝铅锌矿床中钠长石岩的成因探讨

厂坝铅锌矿床中钠长石岩的产状、常量元素、微量元素、稀土元素和放射性同位素等地质地球化学特征表明．该岩石为中泥盆统成矿流体在海底沉积和交代围岩形成的典型热液沉积岩——钠长石岩，其物质来自矿体的下状沉积地层柱和海水。该沉积岩在后期的强烈变质改造过程中，发生了重结晶作用。     

净化含氮有机污染物的催化剂及工艺

介绍了两种催化剂PCN-1,PCN-2型对含氮有机物如N,N-二甲基甲酰胺(DMF)、正丁胺、环己胺、苯胺、硝基苯等深度氧化的活性及控NO_x能力。实验结果表明,由PCN-1、PCN构成的双催化剂处理DMF或DMF与甲苯、DMF与甲乙酮的混合蒸气,其氧化活性和控NO_x能力比单一催化剂为好。在240—300℃温度范围即可完全氧化,控NO_x率达98％以上,净化气无色无臭。本工艺可用于PU合成革生产线烘道排气的净化处理。     

冻融作用对酸化土壤中NH_4~+吸附特性的影响研究

以吉林农业大学长期定位试验田土壤为研究对象,采用室内模拟冻融环境和振荡平衡的方法,探讨冻融作用对NH+4在酸化土壤中吸附特性的影响。结果表明,随着冻融周期的增加,酸化土壤对NH+4的吸附量逐渐减小;冻结时间对酸化土壤吸附NH+4的影响不明显;随着冻前含水量的增加,酸化土壤对NH+4的吸附量逐渐减小,对NH+4的吸附量由大到小排列为:15%25%35%。酸化土壤对NH+4的吸附过程能很好地利用Langmuir方程拟合,冻融作用促进酸化土壤中NH+4的释放,增加了NH+4流失风险。