四川省气候变化适应行动现状、问题和建议研究

作为遭受气候变化不利影响较为严重的省份之一,四川省面临着可持续发展能力提升和应对新增气候变化风险的挑战.文章在简要介绍气候变化对四川省的影响、系统梳理其在适应气候变化中取得成效的基础上,进一步剖析了存在的问题,最后结合四川省省情和气候变化适应行动现状,提出了从健全法律法规到完善适应气候变化的体制机制,从加强适应基础建设到强化适应能力建设等方面的建议.     

技术资源对生态足迹需求的影响

生态安全是生态承载力的“底线”,超过该临界值,生态安全就会崩溃。通过对生态足迹需求和供给的计算,得出该区域生态系统的供给量超过了/不足以该区域人们正常生活的需求量的结论。在生态足迹法中引入技术资源的生态足迹计算,全面评估在技术资源的影响下区域发展的可持续性。在地理信息系统的支持下,计算技术资源的生态足迹,结果表明2002年珠海的发展属于不可持续性;通过计算珠海2002—2020年生态足迹的时间序列值来追踪各个时点的可持续程度,弥补了生态足迹法中指标静态性的缺陷,结果表明2020年珠海发展属于不可持续性,但有了较大的缓解,其主要因为充分利用了技术资源提高劳动生产率、提高资源能源效率。技术资源是评估区域发展可持续性的不可忽视的重要因子,技术资源的生态足迹研究对于城市的生态规划和建设具有借鉴和参考价值。     

加强突发性环境污染事故应急监测的质量管理

突发性环境污染事故应急监测工作应针对应急监测工作中的各个环节，从日常质量保障和现场质量管理两个方面，加强质量管理工作，确保环境应急监测数据准确可靠。     

CBE在社会体育专业课程体系构建的应用研究

课程在教育活动中处于基础和核心地位，在职业教育中，对一种职业是否拥有一种科学的、可持续发展的课程体系，是该种职业教育成败与否的关键。我们借助于北美的CBE系统，开发出适合我国国情的社会体育专业课程体系，将有助于社会体育专业学生的快速、科学的成长。在高等职业教育飞速发展的今天，以尽快提高高职院校的教学质量。     

INDUSTRIAL WATER DEMAND WITH WATER REUSE1

ABSTRACT: This work establishes an industrial water demand (IWD) model for a short term estimate, which considers water reuse technologies and discharge regulations, for the integrated circuit (IC) industry in northern Taiwan. Based on the optimization of an industrial water cost system, a computerized system dynamics model (SD model) is developed to generate individual firm IWD using data from year 2000. A market IWD is further constructed for 25 1C firms in the study area and is approximated by an inverse logistic curve. Analytical results demonstrate that price elasticity varies with water price in cases involving water reuse.     

2,4-二氯苯酚在黄土中的吸附-解吸行为研究

本以自制的模拟系统研究了溶液浓度、离子强度、pH值和常见金属离子对2，4-二氯苯酚在黄土中迁移行为的影响，并对实验数据用Freudlich和Langmuir经验公式进行了拟合。结果表明，2，4-二氯苯酚在黄土中的吸附／解吸过程包括两个阶段：渗滤液浓度在初始阶段降低迅速，在第二阶段变化缓慢逐渐达到平衡。用分布活性模型能很好地解释这一结果。在实验条件下，离子强度对迁移行为影响不显。在实验的pH范围内，随着pH的升高，吸附量降低，相应的解吸量加大；与碱金属离子Mg^2 、Ca^2 相比，过渡金属离子Zn^2 、Mn^2 和Cd^2 的存在能显促进黄土对2，4-二氯苯酚的滞留能力。但滞后因子尺始终较低，表明天然黄土对如2，4-二氯苯酚这样的水溶性有机物染物的滞留能力较差。在对被这类有机物污染的土壤进行修复过程中，有机物对地下水可能造成的影响是必须予以考虑的因素。     

Estrogen-related receptor disruption of source water and drinking water treatment processes extracts

Environmental chemicals in drinking water can impact human health through nuclear receptors. Additionally, estrogen-related receptors (ERRs) are vulnerable to endocrine-disrupting e ects. To date, however, ERR disruption of drinking water potency has not been reported. We used ERR two-hybrid yeast assay to screen ERR disrupting activities in a drinking water treatment plant (DWTP) located in north China and in source water from a reservoir, focusing on agonistic, antagonistic, and inverse agonistic activity to 4-hydroxytamoxifen (4-OHT). Water treatment processes in the DWTP consisted of pre-chlorination, coagulation, coal and sand filtration, activated carbon filtration, and secondary chlorination processes. Samples were extracted by solid phase extraction. Results showed that ERR antagonistic activities were found in all sample extracts, but agonistic and inverse agonistic activity to 4-OHT was not found. When calibrated with the toxic equivalent of 4-OHT, antagonistic e uent e ects ranged from 3.4 to 33.1 g/L. In the treatment processes, secondary chlorination was e ective in removing ERR antagonists, but the coagulation process led to significantly increased ERR antagonistic activity. The drinking water treatment processes removed 73.5% of ERR antagonists. To our knowledge, the occurrence of ERR disruption activities on source and drinking water in vitro had not been reported previously. It is vital, therefore, to increase our understanding of ERR disrupting activities in drinking water.     

皮氏罗尔斯通氏菌DX-T3-01苯酚降解特性及动力学

筛选自德兴铜矿对重金属Cd2+有较强抗性的皮氏罗尔斯通菌DX-T3-01菌株,经驯化发现其对苯酚也有较强的降解能力。通过正交实验确定了该菌株苯酚降解最佳条件为:30℃、pH 7.0、转速150 r/min、接种量1%(V/V),并探讨了外加碳源和重金属对苯酚降解的影响。在最佳苯酚降解条件下,初始苯酚浓度为500 mg/L的苯酚经56 h后可降解至检测限,最高可降解苯酚浓度为800 mg/L。当初始苯酚浓度300～600 mg/L时,菌株降解苯酚的动力学过程符合Monod零级反应模型。     

Utilization of winery wastes for Trichoderma viride biocontrol agent production by solid state fermentation

Biocontrol agents are safe and environmental friendly alternatives for pesticides in agriculture application. Trichoderma viride WEBL0703 performed a high level of antagonistic activity toward a broad spectrum of phytopathogens and was determined as a biocontrol agent, which was produced by solid state fermentation using grape marc and wine lees. The maximum yield of T. viride conidia was up to 6.65 × 10^9 CFU/g initial dry substrate （IDS） after 10 d fermentation. As important enzymes for protecting plants from disease, chitinase, β-glucanase, and pectinase yields were 47.8 U/g IDS, 8.32 U/g IDS and 9.83 U/g IDS, respectively. These results show that it is feasible to convert winery wastes to a value-added and environmental friendly biocontrol agent.     

Genotoxicity evaluation of drinking water sources in human peripheral blood lymphocytes using the comet assay

The potential harm of organic pollutants in drinking water to human health is widely focused on in the wodd; more and more pollutants with genotoxic substances are released into the aquatic environment. Water source samples were collected from 7 different localities of Nanjing City. The potential genotoxicity of organic extracts from drinking water sources were investigated by means of the comet assay in human peripheral lymphocytes. The results showed that all the organic extracts from all the water source samples could induce DNA damages of human peripheral blood lymphocytes at different levels. A significant difference （P 〈 0.01） was observed when compared with the solvent control, The DNA damage increased with the increase of the dosage of the original water source. Significant differences of DNA damage were observed in different drinking water sources, as shown by the multiple comparisons analysis at the dosage of 100x; the degree of DNA damage treated by Hushu waterworks （at town level） was the most serious, the arbitrary units （AU） was 141.62±6.96, however, that of Shangyuanmen waterworks （at city level） was only 109.64±2.97. The analysis also revealed that the genotoxicity of town＇s water sources was higher than that of the city. The results demonstrated that the comet assay can be successfully applied to the genotoxicity monitoring programs of drinking water sources.