Use of Azotobacter sp.as an indicator to detect the toxicity of heavy metals in soils

A physiological strain of microorganism - Azotobacter sp. has been adopted as an indicator to detect the toxicity of heavy metals in soils. The concentration of heavy metals to which Azotobacter sp. was behaving initially to have the resistance to heavy metals is defined as the critical poisoning concentration. The method of physiological threshold adopted can have a quantitative determination with reproducible results. The determined critical poisoning concentration is basically consistent with the results of heavy metals and arsenic toxicities to the bacteria reported recently in literatures. Total 9 typical soils, including 6 zonal soils and 3 purple soils, in the whole country were determined for the toxicities of 5 heavy metals and arsenic to Azotobacter sp. that resulted in 48 critical poisoning concentrations.     

Secondary effect of SO_2 pollution: enhanced growth of the army worm, Mythimna separata (Walker)

Effects of SO2 pollution on growth of the army worm, Mythimna separata, were investigated by rearing the larvae for 12 days on the wheat plants being exposed to SO2 levels ranged from 50 to 200 ppb in the field open-top fumigation devices. Larval period shortened while their mean relative growth rate (MRGR) increased as SO2 dose elevated. Similar experiment with the insect on the artificial diet excluded the possibility that SO2 pollution directly stimulated growth of the army worm.The patterns of change in amino acid hydrolysates in the host foliage suggested that contents of methionine, and perhaps, arginine in food material exposed to unpolluted air were at such levels that they could only support sub-optimum growth of the insect, and SO2 pollution increased concentrations of these limiting amino acids, resulting in better performance of the larvae.     

采用薄膜模型模拟三维板料成形过程

此文基于有限变形理论建立了三维金属板料成形过程的弹塑性有限元数学模型。数学模型采用物质坐标系中的Total Lagrange描述、J_2型本构方程、等向强化假设,考虑了板料的厚向异性,对于金属板料与模具的摩擦采用近似的库仑摩擦定律以改善计算的收敛性。为简化计算采用薄膜单元。采用根据此模型编制的程序模拟了机油收集器基本件的成形过程,并与实验结果进行了对比。     

Study on the proposed environmental guidelines for Cd, Hg, Pb and As in soil of China

This paper deals with the soil-environmental standard. According to the current situation of researching on the soil-environmental quality guideline at home and abroad, and on the basis of the foundations and principles of enacting the soil-environmental standard, the soil environment quality guideline values of Hg, Cd, Pb and As were suggested.     

Environmental problems in a coal mining area affected by coal fires ——A case study in Ruqigou Coalfield, Ningxia, China

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上饶地区环境陆地和建筑物室内天然放射性水平调查

调查按10×l0km~2网格布点,共布点224个。测量结果,全区宇宙射线空气吸收剂量率室外为2.94×10~(-8)Gy·h~(-1),室内为2.55×10~(-8)Gy·h~(-1):原野γ辐射剂量率为6.25×10~(-8)Gy·h~(-1)。道路γ辐射量率为7.34×10~(-8)Gy·h~(-1),建筑物室内γ辐射剂量率为10.44×10~(-8)Gy·h~(-1).     

废水中染料的TiO_2光催化氧化降解机理研究现状

系统论述了废水中TiO2光催化氧化降解染料的机理、动力学机制、染料的反应活性、研究中间降解产物的方法和结果等的研究现状,指出了目前研究中最大难点是分析手段的不足,对此提出了自己的看法,这为今后实际废水处理工艺过程中起到指导控制作用。     

4-硝基间甲酚生产废水资源化研究

采用络合萃取法处理4-硝基间甲酚废水，一次萃取率达99．9％以上，萃取剂经过反萃再生后，循环使用的萃取效率没有下降。同时讨论了影响萃取效果的一系列因素。     

基因工程的潜在影响及其对有机食品产业的冲击

基因工程的研究发展非常迅速，使其在农业和食品加工领域的应用成为不可避免，但其安全性问题在世界范围内引起了非常广泛的争议。从基因工程内涵和有机农业的要求及目标出发，讨论了基因工程的潜在影响及其对发展有机食品产业的冲击。认为有机农业运动面临的紧迫问题是尽快协调所有的行动方案来保证有机食品永远不涉及基因工程生物体。有机农业正面临基因工程的挑战，其发展的潜力是建立一个完全独立的有机食品市场。     

环境内分泌干扰物--邻苯二甲酸酯的研究

介绍了环境内分泌干扰物的生殖毒性，综述了不同环境样品中邻苯二甲酸酯类内分泌干扰物的前处理技术和分析测试技术，并指出环境中邻苯二甲酸酯的污染状况。