LIGNIN SEPARATION BY CONTINUOUS ION FLOTATION: INVESTIGATION OF PHYSICAL OPERATIONAL PARAMETERS1

ABSTRACT: Ion flotation is the term used to describe a process in which there is an initally homogeneous solution which becomes heterogeneous after the addition of an oppositely charged surfactant due to the reaction between the surfactant and specific ion(s); thus, insoluble complexes are formed. These insoluble complexes will then attached to the bubbles passing through the solution and thus leave in the foam phase. The performance of the continuous ion flotation process for the removal of haft lignin from water was investigated intensively using liquid flow rates, gas flow rates, feed locations and solution height as operational variables. The interrelationships among these physical parameters were studied and discussed. A dimensionless operational chart was established for process control. Results demonstrate that ion flotation is an effective process for removing lignin from water, provided that a quaternary ammonium salt, such as cetyldimethylbenzyl-ammonium chloride or the like, is used as a collector. At optimum operational conditions, higher than 0.95 fractional removal of lignin can be achieved.     

中美页岩气开发环境管理制度的分析与建议

随着页岩气开发技术的突破与发展,我国已成为继美国、加拿大之后第三个实现页岩气工业化生产的国家。而由页岩气开发伴随的地下水污染、生态破坏等环境问题亦不可忽视。本文通过分析中美页岩气开发过程中的环境管理政策、管理模式,提出加快完善我国页岩气开发环境管理体系及环境监管的建议：1）形成页岩气开发全过程环境管理体系;2）强化页岩气开发的区块规划环评,落实生态保护红线和资源利用上线要求;3）规范项目环境影响评价,提高页岩气环境管理要求;4）在制定页岩气开发污染控制相关标准时纳入开采工艺过程的环保管理要求。     

氨电极测定空气中氨的方法研究

本文对氨电极测定空气中氨的方法进行了研究，确定了最佳分析条件。分析方法的精密度，其平均变异系数为４７％；平均回收率为９９８％，测定结果与纳氏试剂比色法无显著性差异，该方法适用于空气中氨的测定。     

Derivative spectrophotometric method for copper determination

A simple, sensitive and selective method by solvent extraction-first derivative spectrophotometry is described for the determination of microamounts of copper in water by means of its reaction and extraction at pH 8.0 with 3-(4-phenyl-2-pyridinyl-5-phenyl-1,2,4-triazine) (PPT) and picrate (2,4,6-trinitro-phenol) into 1,2-dichloroethane. Copper was thus determined in the range 7.5–350 ng/ml with a detection limits (3) of 2.3 ng/ml. The relative standard deviations were in all instances less than 2.0%. The proposed method was successfully applied for the determination of copper in several kinds of water.     

山东省道教名山的生态旅游开发构想

生态旅游是一种以可持续发展为原则的新型旅游方式,注重旅游过程中的环境教育和自然知识的普及,倡导人与自然的和谐统一.这与中国的道家思想有极为相似之处.胶东地区是全真教派的发源地,崂山、昆嵛山等道教名山原生环境保持良好,非常适合开展生态旅游活动.因此,结合道家的天人思想对山东的道教名山进行生态旅游的开发,值得探索和实践.     

炼油厂外排污水回用于绿化的研究初探

实验选用三种不同的源水,即大港地区的地下水、滦河水和炼油厂外排水,实验植物选用:一串红、藿香蓟。定期分别用三种源水浇灌植物,以考察两种植物生长情况和土壤离子浓度的变化。研究结果表明,炼油废水处理后用于绿化,在达标排放的情况下,对某些植物的生长有一定的促进作用。     

蓄热式加热炉安全技术操作规程优化初探

唐钢中型厂2#加热炉技术改造后，在加热炉设备检修、维修、维护过程中，如何在保证操作安全的同时，保证操作的准确到位，为安全管理工作提出了研究课题。     

Vertical distributions of COS and CS2 in Beijing City

Vertical distributions of COS and CS2 were measured at a meteorological tower in Beijing City. The mixing ratios of COS and CS2 are in the range of 371--1681 pptv and 246--1222 pptv, respectively. The significant high mixing ratios of the two compounds at ground level and distinct vertical distributions indicated the existence of strong anthropogenic sources of COS and CS2 in Beijing City. Domestic stoves and central heaters are important sources of COS during winter season. Cesspools may play significant role on COS over whole seasons. Chemical productions may be responsible for the observed hiah mixina ratios of CS2 in Beiiina Citv.     

试论环境地貌学

环境地貌学从人类活动与环境地貌相互作用的角度,运用系统论,综合分析法,研究现存地貌特征及后效,做出环境地貌的经济评价,探讨环境地貌的社会经济文化效应。     

硫氰酸钠对斑马鱼毒性的评价

为了研究植物性饲料代谢产生的中间产物硫氰酸钠(NaSCN)对水生生物的毒性效应,首先将斑马鱼(Brachy danio rerio)暴露于NaSCN的8个浓度组中进行96 h-LC50急性毒性试验,测得其半致死浓度(96 h-LC50)为403 mg·L-1.再以安全浓度(1/10LC50.)为基准,等对数设置3个质量...