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201.
Vincent Martinet Olivier Thébaud Alain Rapaport 《Environmental Modeling and Assessment》2010,15(6):503-517
In this paper, we develop a framework for (a) the study of sustainability of dynamic bioeconomic systems and (b) the definition
of recovery paths from unsustainable situations. We assume that the system follows a sustainable trajectory if it evolves
over time within a set of multidimensional constraints. We use the mathematical concept of viability to characterize sustainability.
Recovery paths are studied with regards to their duration and their acceptability. This general framework is applied to the
issue of recovering sustainable fisheries. We define sustainability in a fishery as the requirement that a set of economic,
ecological, and social constraints is satisfied at all times. Recovery paths are characterized by the time required to obtain
sustainable exploitation conditions in the fishery and by the acceptable recovery costs for fishermen. In particular, we identify
the recovery path which minimizes the time of crisis under a minimum transition profit constraint. We then describe the trade-off
between speed and accepted costs of recovery paths, by comparing “Hare”-like high-speed–high-cost strategies to “Tortoise”-like
low-speed–low-cost strategies. We illustrate our results by means of a numerical analysis of the Bay of Biscay Nephrops fishery. 相似文献
202.
Emmanoel V. Silva-Filho Vinicius T. Kütter Thiago S. Figueiredo Emmanuel Tessier Carlos E. Rezende Daniel C. Teixeira Carlos A. Silva Olivier F. X. Donard 《Environmental monitoring and assessment》2014,186(12):8141-8150
Mercury (Hg) is considered a global pollutant, and the scientific community has shown great concern about its toxicity as it may affect the biota of entire systems, through bioaccumulation and bioamplification processes of its organic form, methylmercury (MeHg), along food web. However, few research studies deal with bioaccumulation of Hg from marine primary producers and the first-order consumers. So, this study aims to determine Hg distribution and concentration levels in phytoplankton and zooplankton in the Cabo Frio Bay, Brazil, a site influenced by coastal upwelling. The results from Hg speciation analyses show that inorganic mercury Hg(II) was the predominant specie in plankton from this bay. The annual Hg species distribution in plankton shown mean concentration of 2.00?±?1.28 ng Hg(II)?g?1 and 0.15?±?0.08 ng MeHg g?1 wet weight (phytoplankton) and 2.5?±?2.03 ng Hg(II)?g?1 and 0.25?±?0.09 ng MeHg g?1 wet weight (zooplankton). Therefore, upwelling zones should be considered in the Hg biogeochemical cycle models as a process that enhances Hg(II) bioaccumulation in plankton, raising its bioavailability and shelf deposition. 相似文献
203.
Ehrich Dorothée Schmidt Niels M. Gauthier Gilles Alisauskas Ray Angerbjörn Anders Clark Karin Ecke Frauke Eide Nina E. Framstad Erik Frandsen Jay Franke Alastair Gilg Olivier Giroux Marie-Andrée Henttonen Heikki Hörnfeldt Birger Ims Rolf A. Kataev Gennadiy D. Kharitonov Sergey P. Killengreen Siw T. Krebs Charles J. Lanctot Richard B. Lecomte Nicolas Menyushina Irina E. Morris Douglas W. Morrisson Guy Oksanen Lauri Oksanen Tarja Olofsson Johan Pokrovsky Ivan G. Popov Igor Yu. Reid Donald Roth James D. Saalfeld Sarah T. Samelius Gustaf Sittler Benoit Sleptsov Sergey M. Smith Paul A. Sokolov Aleksandr A. Sokolova Natalya A. Soloviev Mikhail Y. Solovyeva Diana V. 《Ambio》2020,49(3):801-804
Ambio - In the original published article, some of the symbols in figure 1A were modified incorrectly during the typesetting and publication process. The correct version of the figure is provided... 相似文献
204.
Chloé Merlin Marion Devers Olivier Crouzet Cécile Heraud Christian Steinberg Christian Mougin Fabrice Martin-Laurent 《Environmental science and pollution research international》2014,21(7):4914-4927
The insecticide chlordecone is a contaminant found in most of the banana plantations in the French West Indies. This study aims to search for fungal populations able to grow on it. An Andosol heavily contaminated with chlordecone, perfused for 1 year in a soil–charcoal system, was used to conduct enrichment cultures. A total of 103 fungal strains able to grow on chlordecone-mineral salt medium were isolated, purified, and deposited in the MIAE collection (Microorganismes d'Intérêt Agro-Environnemental, UMR Agroécologie, Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique, Dijon, France). Internal transcribed spacer sequencing revealed that all isolated strains belonged to the Ascomycota phylum and gathered in 11 genera: Metacordyceps, Cordyceps, Pochonia, Acremonium, Fusarium, Paecilomyces, Ophiocordyceps, Purpureocillium, Bionectria, Penicillium, and Aspergillus. Among predominant species, only one isolate, Fusarium oxysporum MIAE01197, was able to grow in a liquid culture medium that contained chlordecone as sole carbon source. Chlordecone increased F. oxysporum MIAE01197 growth rate, attesting for its tolerance to this organochlorine. Moreover, F. oxysporum MIAE01197 exhibited a higher EC50 value than the reference strain F. oxysporum MIAE00047. This further suggests its adaptation to chlordecone tolerance up to 29.2 mg l?1. Gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (GC-MS) analysis revealed that 40 % of chlordecone was dissipated in F. oxysporum MIAE01197 suspension culture. No chlordecone metabolite was detected by GC-MS. However, weak amount of 14CO2 evolved from 14C10-chlordecone and 14C10-metabolites were observed. Sorption of 14C10-chlordecone onto fungal biomass followed a linear relationship (r 2?=?0.99) suggesting that it may also account for chlordecone dissipation in F. oxysporum MIAE01197 culture. 相似文献
205.
Marie-Laure Mahaut Olivier Basuyaux Estelle Baudinière Claire Chataignier Julien Pain Christelle Caplat 《Environmental science and pollution research international》2013,20(5):2984-2992
Because sponges are promising bioindicators, we present here a multispecies comparison of the bioconcentration capacity for copper, zinc and the hydrocarbon fluoranthene. The spatial distribution of sponge populations was studied in 17 areas in intertidal zones on the Lower Normandy coast (France) to determine the most common species with the highest bioaccumulation capacity. Results are compared with published data on blue mussels Mytilus edulis from the Réseau d'Observation de la Contamination Chimique biomonitoring network. A total of 720 sponge samples were collected to assess species richness. Samples were analysed for metal concentrations by flame-mode atomic absorption spectrometry. Analyses of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon were sub-contracted. Species richness varies according to the water mass concerned. The most common species in the study area showing the highest bioconcentration in its soft tissues is Hymeniacidon perlevis, which contains about 20 times the zinc, 44 times the copper and 16 times the fluoranthene levels found in mussels. The variability of contaminant concentrations in H. perlevis is also systematically higher than those in mussels. The results obtained for this sponge closely reflect the heterogeneous distribution of contaminants. This study demonstrates that H. perlevis has a much higher capacity to accumulate in situ contaminants than the blue mussel M. edulis. H. perlevis meets all the requirements of a good bioindicator suitable for use in an integrated monitoring programme. In the near future, controlled cultivation of H. perlevis will allow us to produce sufficient quantities of this species to carry out ecotoxicological tests and in situ biomonitoring by caging. 相似文献
206.
Hela Louati Olfa Ben Said Patrice Got Amel Soltani Ezzeddine Mahmoudi Cristiana Cravo-Laureau Robert Duran Patricia Aissa Olivier Pringault 《Environmental science and pollution research international》2013,20(1):300-310
Purpose
The main goals of this study were to investigate (1) the behavior of microbial communities in response to low-dose bioavailable anthracene addition in lightly contaminated sediment from Bizerte Lagoon and (2) the effects of bioremediation treatments on microbial biomass, activity, and community structure.Methods
Sediment microcosms amended with 1 ppm anthracene were incubated in triplicate during 30 days. Biostimulation (addition of nitrogen and phosphorus fertilizer) and bioaugmentation (inoculation of a hydrocarbonoclastic bacterium) were used as bioremediation treatments. Bacterial biomass was estimated using flow cytometry. Sediment oxygen consumption was measured with oxygen microelectrodes. Bacterial community structure was assessed by molecular fingerprints (terminal restriction fragment length polymorphism; T-RFLP) analysis.Results
Anthracene contamination resulted in a significant reduction of bacterial abundance with an impact on cell integrity. Concomitantly, sediment oxygen consumption was strongly inhibited. Correspondence analysis on T-RFLP data indicated that bacterial community structures from anthracene-contaminated microcosms were different from that of the control. Interestingly, the changes observed in microbial biomass, structure, and activities as a result of anthracene contamination were not alleviated even with the use of biostimulation and combination of biostimulation and bioaugmentation strategy for anthracene bioremediation. Nevertheless, both treatment methods resulted in different community structures relative to the contaminated and control microcosms with the appearance of distinct populations.Conclusion
Anthracene spiking severely affected microbial communities, suggesting dominance of nontolerant populations in this lightly-contaminated sediment. Although biostimulation and/or bioaugmentation treatments did not alleviate the anthracene toxic effects, the changes observed in microbial population and structure suggest that the proposed treatments might be promising to promote bacterial growth. Further works are still required to propose a more efficient strategy to stimulate biodegradation that takes into account the complex interactions between species for resource access. 相似文献207.
Hela Louati Olfa Ben Said Amel Soltani Patrice Got Ezzeddine Mahmoudi Cristiana Cravo-Laureau Robert Duran Patricia Aissa Olivier Pringault 《Chemosphere》2013
Biological interactions between metazoans and the microbial community play a major role in structuring food webs in aquatic sediments. Pollutants can also strongly affect the structure of meiofauna and microbial communities. This study aims investigating, in a non-contaminated sediment, the impact of meiofauna on bacteria facing contamination by a mixture of three PAHs (fluoranthene, phenanthrene and pyrene). Sediment microcosms were incubated in the presence or absence of meiofauna during 30 days. Bioremediation treatments, nutrient amendment and addition of a hydrocarbon-degrading bacterium, were also tested to enhance PAH biodegradation. Results clearly show the important role of meiofauna as structuring factor for bacterial communities with significant changes observed in the molecular fingerprints. However, these structural changes were not concomitant with changes in biomass or function. PAH contamination had a severe impact on total meiofaunal abundance with a strong decrease of nematodes and the complete disappearance of polychaetes and copepods. In contrast, correspondence analysis, based on T-RFLP fingerprints, showed that contamination by PAH resulted in small shifts in microbial composition, with or without meiofauna, suggesting a relative tolerance of bacteria to the PAH cocktail. The PAH bioremediation treatments were highly efficient with more than 95% biodegradation. No significant difference was observed in presence or absence of meiofauna. Nutrient addition strongly enhanced bacterial and meiofaunal abundances as compared to control and contaminated microcosms, as well as inducing important changes in the bacterial community structure. Nutrients thus were the main structural factor in shaping bacterial community composition, while the role of meiofauna was less evident. 相似文献
208.
Turek Daniel Wehrhahn Claudia Gimenez Olivier 《Environmental and Ecological Statistics》2021,28(2):355-381
Environmental and Ecological Statistics - Detection heterogeneity is inherent to ecological data, arising from factors such as varied terrain or weather conditions, inconsistent sampling effort, or... 相似文献
209.
Toupoint N Gilmore-Solomon L Bourque F Myrand B Pernet F Olivier F Tremblay R 《Ecology》2012,93(8):1922-1934
We considered Cushing's match/mismatch theory in a heterotrophic environment and hypothesized that settlement and recruitment success in blue mussel are higher when the food supply is rich in polyunsaturated and essential fatty acids (PUFA/EFA). To test this hypothesis, we monitored larval development as well as fatty acid composition in trophic resources during two successive reproductive seasons. The decoupling we found between the presence of competent larvae in the water column and settlement rates strongly suggests that metamorphosis is delayed until conditions are suitable. In both years, the major mussel settlement peak was synchronized with a phytoplanktonic pulse rich in EFA, consisting of a large autotrophic bloom in 2007 and a short but substantial peak of picoeukaryotes in 2008. These results suggest a "trophic settlement trigger" that indirectly affects recruitment by strongly improving the settlement rate. Despite similar larval settlement rates during both years, the lower 2007 recruitment likely resulted from a mismatch with a high lipid-quality trophic resource. The seasonal trophic conditions differed greatly between the two years, with fatty acids profiles reflecting heterotrophic plankton production in 2007 and mostly autotrophic production in 2008. In agreement with Cushing's theory, our results highlight a match/mismatch, related to the food lipid quality rather than food quantity. For the first time, we show that the recruitment in marine bivalves may be dependent on phytoplanktonic pulses characterized by high levels of PUFA. 相似文献
210.
Occurrence and toxicity of antimicrobial triclosan and by-products in the environment 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Bedoux G Roig B Thomas O Dupont V Le Bot B 《Environmental science and pollution research international》2012,19(4):1044-1065