Decolorization of dye solutions with Ruditapes philippinarum conglutination mud and the isolated bacteria

Application of Ruditapes Philippinarum conglutination mud (RPM) for decolorizing synthetic dye solutions was studied. RPM showed good activity for decolorization of Methylene Blue, Crystal Violet, Malachite Green, and Ink Blue. The amount of the RPM had great effect on the decoloration rate of the dye solutions. However, the decoloration rate did not continue to increase when the amount of mud exceeded the optimum dose. The temperature of the dye solution had a remarkable effect on the decolorization rate of Ink Blue solution, but had little effect on the other three dye solutions. The initial pH of the dye solutions evidently affected the decolorization rate of Malachite Green solution, but had less effect on the other three. The decolorization rate of the dye solutions increased significantly with treatment time within 8 hr, but tended to be steady after 8 hr for Methylene Blue, Crystal Violet and Malachite Green solutions, and after 12 hr for Ink Blue solution. The decolorization efficiencies for the four dye solutions under the optimum conditions were all above 90%. Seventeen strains screened from RPM showed flocculation ability for kaolin clay suspension. Out of them, the flocculation rate of strain ZHT3-9 and strain ZHT4-13 were up to 88.14% and 86.01%, respectively. ZHT3-9 was studied, and its decolorization rate for Methylene Blue, Crystal Violet, and Malachite Green reached 90.02%, 89.21%, and 80.29%, respectively. By morphological, physiological and biochemical characteristics analysis and 16S rRNA sequencing, the strain ZHT3-9 was identified as Arthrobacter sp.     

含汞原料中汞挥发速率的测试方法研究

以PVC行业废汞触媒、糊式锌锰电池浆液、含汞锌膏为原料,采用动力通量箱法测试其挥发速率,研究了最佳试验操作条件。结果表明:通量箱气体流速在0.5 L/min以下,采用两级大型气泡吸收管吸收挥发汞时效率可达99%以上,增加1次空白测量可测得通量箱壁汞吸附量。     

常温下短程硝化实现及稳定性试验研究

以自配模拟氨氮废水为研究对象,在全程硝化污泥的基础上通过控制低曝气量和提高反应器进水pH值,在较低的DO质量浓度和较高pH值条件下完成了短程硝化污泥的驯化,系统中的NO2--N积累率稳定在95%以上;逐渐提高硝化阶段的曝气量、降低进水溶液的pH值,短程硝化过程没有被破坏;稳定的短程硝化系统改为定时控制,过度曝气6 d后,NO2--N的积累率仅剩43.7%,硝化类型由短程硝化转变为全程硝化。     

絮凝-SBR-Fenton氧化处理酶制剂废水的研究

以某酶制品厂的废水为研究对象,确定了絮凝-SBR-Fenton高级氧化的试验方法.结果表明,在絮凝阶段,当聚合氯化铝(PAC)投加量为0.6g/L,搅拌6 min,絮凝70min的条件下,预处理的出水CODCr效果最好,去除率为44.6%;再经过SBR工艺处理,停留时间为14 h时,CODCr去除率达到了89.2%;之后再进行Fenton高级氧化,氧化的最佳条件是:ρ(FeSO4·7H2O)为3 g/L,ρ(H2O2)为0.8g/L,反应时间2 h.最终出水达到了GB 8978-1996<污水综合排放标准>中二级排放标准.     

Reaction mechanism and metal ion transformation in photocatalytic ozonation of phenol and oxalic acid with Ag+/TiO2

Photocatalytic ozonation of phenol and oxalic acid （OA） was conducted with a Ag^＋/TiO2 catalyst and different pathways were found for the degradation of different compounds. Ag^＋ greatly promoted the photocatalytic degradation of contaminants due to its role as an electron scavenger. It also accelerated the removal rate of OA in ozonation and the simultaneous process for its complex reaction with oxalate. Phenol could be degraded both in direct ozonation and photolysis, but the TOC removal rates were much higher in the simultaneous processes due to the oxidation of hydroxyl radicals resulting from synergetic effects. The sequence of photo-illumination and ozone exposure in the combined process showed quite different effects in phenol degradation and TOC removal. The synergetic effects in different combined processes were found to be highly related to the properties of the target pollutants. The color change of the solution and TEM result confirmed that Ag＋ was easily reduced and deposited on the surface of Tit2 under photo-illumination, and dissolved again into solution in the presence of ozone. This simple cycle of enrichment and distribution of Ag^＋ can greatly benefit the design of advanced oxidation processes, in which the sequences of ozone and photo-illumination can be varied according to the needs for catalyst recycling and the different properties of pollutants.     

Primary neuronal-astrocytic co-culture platform for neurotoxicity assessment of di-(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate

Plastics such as polyvinyl chlorides （PVC） are widely used in many indoor constructed environments; however, their unbound chemicals, such as di-（2-ethylhexyl） phthalates （DEHP）, can leach into the surrounding environment. This study focused on DEHP＇s effect on the central nervous system by determining the precise DEHP content in mice brain tissue after exposure to the chemical, to evaluate the specific exposure range. Primary neuronal-astrocyte co-culture systems were used as in vitro models for chemical hazard identification of DEHP. Oxidative stress was hypothesized as a probable mechanism involved, and therefore the total reactive oxygen species （ROS） concentration was determined as a biomarker of oxidative stress. In addition, NeuriteTracer, a neurite tracing plugin with ImageJ, was used to develop an assay for neurotoxicity to provide quantitative measurements of neurological parameters, such as neuronal number, neuron count and neurite length, all of which could indicate neurotoxic effects. The results showed that with 1 nmol/L DEHP exposure, there was a significant increase in ROS concentrations, indicating that the neuronal-astrocyte cultures were injured due to exposure to DEHP. In response, astrocyte proliferation （gliosis） was initiated, serving as a mechanism to maintain a homeostatic environment for neurons and protect neurons from toxic chemicals. There is a need to assess the cumulative effects of DEHP in animals to evaluate the possible uotake and effects on the human neuronal system from exoosure to DEHP in the indoor environment.     

Mo-modified Pd/Al2O3 catalysts for benzene catalytic combustion

Mo-modified Pd/Al2O3catalysts were prepared by an impregnation method and tested for the catalytic combustion of benzene. The catalysts were characterized by N2 isothermal adsorption, X-ray diffraction（XRD）, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy（XPS）, temperatureprogrammed desorption of NH3（NH3-TPD）, H2temperature-programmed reduction（H2-TPR）, and high-angle annular dark-field scanning transmission electron microscopy（HAADF-STEM）. The results showed that the addition of Mo effectively improved the activity and stability of the Pd/Al2O3catalyst by increasing the dispersion of Pd active components, changing the partial oxidation state of palladium and increasing the oxygen species concentration on the surface of catalyst. In the case of the Pd-Mo/Al2O3catalyst,benzene conversion of 90% was obtained at temperatures as low as 190°C, which was 45°C lower than that for similar performance with the Pd/Al2O3catalyst. Moreover, the 1.0% Pd-5% Mo/Al2O3catalyst was more active than the 2.0% Pd/Al2O3catalyst. It was concluded that Pd and Mo have a synergistic effect in benzene catalytic combustion.     

Dyes adsorption using a synthetic carboxymethyl cellulose-acrylic acid adsorbent

Removal of noxious dyes is gaining public and technological attention. Herein grafting polymerization was employed to produce a novel adsorbent using acrylic acid and carboxymethyl cellulose for dye removal. Scanning electron microscopy and Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy verified the adsorbent formed under optimized reaction conditions. The removal ratio of adsorbent to Methyl Orange, Disperse Blue 2BLN and malachite green chloride reached to 84.2%, 79.6% and 99.9%, respectively. The greater agreement between the calculated and experimental results suggested that pseudo second-order kinetic model better represents the kinetic adsorption data. Equilibrium adsorptions of dyes were better explained by the Temkin isotherm. The results implied that this new cellulose-based absorbent had the universaiity for removal of dyes through the chemical adsorption mechanism.     

混凝气浮+SBR处理再生花炮纸工艺废水的应用

采用混凝气浮+SBR处理年产1万t再生花炮纸工艺废水,对SS、CODCr、BOD5的处理效率分别为96.2%、96.2%、93.1%,最大日均值排放浓度分别为64mg/L、80.7mg/L、26mg/L,排放负荷分别为0.59kg/t、0.63kg/t、0.22 kg/t,均未超过标准限值的要求(pH范围为6.14-7.20);CODCr年排放总量5.4t小于20t/年;纸浆回收率92.0%、白水回用率94.4%、水循环利用率93.2%达标;实现"三排三率"六达标。     

地球化学定量预测法在武夷成矿带铜资源潜力评价中的应用

利用地球化学定量预测理论方法技术,建立了武夷成矿带紫金山铜金矿等7个典型矿床的地质-地球化学找矿模型,圈定了54处AB级预测区,并利用地球化学定量预测法分别估算了每类预测区的铜资源量,为科学评估武夷成矿带的铜矿资源潜力和该成矿带地质矿产勘察工作部署提供地球化学依据。