生态经济效率环境管理发展的关系探讨

通过对生态经济效率的概念及其发展、生态经济效率与可持续发展的关系，以及生态经济效率还没有得到进一步发展的原因进行分析，阐述了如何提高生态经济效率的战略目标与措施。提出了在地方和区域、工业企业范围内运用生态经济效率的必要性，并指出生态经济效率研究与运用的关键，以期为我国环境管理提供借鉴。     

不同有机无机配合方式对水稻生长的影响

盆栽试验结果表明，有机无机配合方式对水稻产量具有明显的施肥位置效应、粒状效应，而时间效应不明显．有机无机复肥造粒后肥效持久而均衡．因而是有机与无机结合的好方式．     

"电能替代"是治理城市雾霾的重要途径探讨

城市雾霾已经严重影响城市居民的正常生活与工作.研究表明,传统化石燃料在城市及其周边地区终端用户中直接使用是产生城市雾霾的主要原因.为了治理城市雾霾,国家和地方各级政府以及有关单位出台了一系列政策和行动方案.其中,利用绿色能源电能,在生产和生活中,代替传统化石能源,这一方案在城市终端用户中都可以大面积使用电能替代,是阻止城市雾霾的重要举措,电能替代不仅可以有效缓解城市雾霾,还可以提高城市智能化水平,是未来城市发展的重要趋势.     

Supervisor monitoring and subordinate innovation

This study introduces a new and parsimonious classification of supervisor monitoring (observational monitoring and interactional monitoring) and examines the effects of these two monitoring styles on subordinate innovation. Guided by social exchange theory, we propose that the two monitoring styles influence subordinate job attitudes (trust and distrust in their supervisor), relationship quality (leader–member exchange), and work behaviors (feedback‐seeking behaviors), which, in turn, affect their innovation. The pilot study developed the scales for the two monitoring styles and tested their content validity among 189 undergraduate students. Using a sample of 385 subordinates, Study 1 assessed the construct validity of the two monitoring styles. In Study 2, the results of a survey of 388 supervisor–subordinate dyads show support for the proposed theoretical model. Specifically, observational monitoring and interactional monitoring were related to subordinates' trust and distrust in their supervisor. Trust and distrust in the supervisor, in turn, were related to the quality of the leader–member exchange, feedback‐seeking behaviors, and ultimately, supervisor‐rated innovation. These findings suggest that supervisors' monitoring styles have both positive and negative effects on their subordinates' innovation, which depends on the type of monitoring supervisors engage in. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

Hydrometallurgical processing of Nd–Fe–B magnets for Nd purification

An evaluation of various metal purification processes subsequent to the leaching processing of the neodymium (Nd) product from neodymium–iron–boron (Nd–Fe–B) magnets has been conducted. These post-leaching purification processes included precipitation; replacement and electrolysis were studied in order to check the purity of the recovered neodymium. A hydrometallurgical investigation was adopted to digest the metal content of the scrap Nd–Fe–B magnets for the recovery of valuable Nd metal and other metals such as Fe, B, Co and Ni. The effect of leaching conditions such as solid-to-liquid ratio and temperature were optimized and 100 % Nd, 100 % Fe, 100 % B and 85.87 % Co leaching efficiencies were achieved under these conditions. The coating material of the magnet, Ni, achieved 50 % impregnation after increasing the reaction temperature to 70 °C. The metals present in the optimal leaching solution were recovered 99 % by pH adjustment. However, the replacement had the highest separation efficiency for the recovery of Nd metal. Further, the optimal leaching Nd–Fe–B solution was subjected to the electrolysis processes in order to verify the recovery efficiency for all metals.     

Risk management for outsourcing biomedical waste disposal – Using the failure mode and effects analysis

Using the failure mode and effects analysis, this study examined biomedical waste companies through risk assessment. Moreover, it evaluated the supervisors of biomedical waste units in hospitals, and factors relating to the outsourcing risk assessment of biomedical waste in hospitals by referring to waste disposal acts. An expert questionnaire survey was conducted on the personnel involved in waste disposal units in hospitals, in order to identify important factors relating to the outsourcing risk of biomedical waste in hospitals. This study calculated the risk priority number (RPN) and selected items with an RPN value higher than 80 for improvement. These items included “availability of freezing devices”, “availability of containers for sharp items”, “disposal frequency”, “disposal volume”, “disposal method”, “vehicles meeting the regulations”, and “declaration of three lists”. This study also aimed to identify important selection factors of biomedical waste disposal companies by hospitals in terms of risk. These findings can serve as references for hospitals in the selection of outsourcing companies for biomedical waste disposal.