Assessing the potential exposure risk and control for airborne titanium dioxide and carbon black nanoparticles in the workplace

Purpose  

This study assessed the potential exposure risks for workers in the workplace exposed to airborne titanium dioxide nanoparticles (TiO₂-NPs) and carbon black nanoparticles (CB-NPs). The risk management control strategies were also developed for the NP engineering workplace.     

ABR/BAF组合工艺用于高浓度工业废水除碳降氨的实验研究

将ABR和BAF组合工艺应用于高浓度有机工业废水,实验中对比了膜法ABR和泥法ABR的COD去除效率及其氨氮变化规律;BAF工艺对比了HRT=3 h和HRT=4.5 h时COD和氨氮的降解效果。结果表明,在进水流量为2 L/h,进水COD在1 350～2 220 mg/L之间、氨氮在15～73 mg/L范围时,在ABR...     

交联负载铝壳聚糖树脂对氟的吸附性能研究

将聚合氯化铝与片状壳聚糖复合制备球状交联负载铝壳聚糖树脂,并研究其除氟性能。通过实验探讨吸附时间、氟初始浓度、树脂用量、pH等因素对树脂除氟效果的影响。研究发现,树脂对氟的吸附动力学规律能用Lagergren一级方程和Lagergren二级方程加以描述,并符合Freundlich吸附等温模型;在树脂用量100mL／g、吸附时间12h时,树脂对氟的去除率为80％左右,pH值影响较小,适用pH范围宽;树脂吸附性能稳定,可用NH3·H2O多次再生,除氟效率与原树脂相近。     

Spatial Analysis of Volatile Organic Compounds from a Community-Based Air Toxics Monitoring Network in Deer Park,Texas, USA

In the summer of 2003, ambient air concentrations of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) were measured at 12 sites within a 3-km radius in Deer Park, Texas near Houston. The purpose of the study was to assess local spatial influence of traffic and other urban sources and was part of a larger investigation of VOC spatial and temporal heterogeneity influences in selected areas of Houston. Seventy 2-h samples were collected using passive organic vapor monitors. Most measurements of 13 VOC species were greater than the method detection limits. Samplers were located at 10 residential sites, a regulatory air monitoring station, and a site located at the centroid of the census tract in which the regulatory station was located. For residential sites, sampler placement locations (e. g., covered porch vs. house eaves) had no effect on concentration with the exception of methyl tertiary-butyl ether (MTBE). Relatively high correlations (Pearson r > 0.8) were found between toluene, ethylbenzene, and o,m,p-xylenes suggesting petroleum-related influence. Chloroform was not correlated with these species or benzene (Pearson r < 0.35) suggesting a different source influence, possibly from process-related activities. As shown in other spatial studies, wind direction relative to source location had an effect on VOC concentrations.     

电催化氧化处理变性木薯淀粉生产综合废水研究

采用DSA电极电催化处理变性木薯淀粉生产综合废水,研究了槽电压,电流密度,支持电解质,pH值,电解时间等因素对其中COD去除率的影响.在选定的实验条件下,槽电压8 V,电流密度为40 mA/cm2,支持电解质为0.1g/L的NaCl,pH值为8.5～9.0,电解2 h,废水中COD的去除率达88.3%.     

橡胶园土壤若干微量元素含量 ——以海南省胶园土为例

胶园土壤微量元素含量有一定的特征。海南省胶园土个别样点Ｃｄ偏高,Ｃｕ偏低,其它样点Ｃｄ、Ｃｒ、Ｐｈ、Ｚｎ、Ｃｕ、Ｎｉ、Ｍｏ、Ｈｇ含量正常。土壤母质、质地、化学组成、耕作等对微量元素含量有一定影响。玄武岩上的胶园土微量元素较丰富。质地粘重的土壤微量元素含量往往较高。由于铁的水合物吸附固定作用,Ｃｕ、Ｚｕ、Ｃｄ、Ｈｇ含量与Ｆｅ含量有一定关系。Ｃｕ、Ｚｎ、Ｃｄ、Ｈｇ的许多化学性质相似,它们的含量有一定的相关性。     

水泥行业用喷雾增湿塔的改型设计

介绍了喷雾法增湿的基本原理、设备的结构设计及附件的选型,讨论了对实际生产中可能发生的操作故障的防止与消除措施。实践证明,这种新型喷雾增湿塔能较好地应用于水泥生产。     

钢棒去皮机除尘器设计

钢棒去皮机是通过砂轮磨削除去钢棒表面铁锈的一种设备,在去皮过程产生的大量金属粉尘,导致环境污染,为此设计喷淋塔式除尘器作为钢棒去皮机的除尘装置。通过选择和计算的运行参数,设计了喷淋塔的结构和尺寸。对设计的除尘器效率验算结果表明:该除尘器可以满足去皮机环保要求,除尘效率达99.7%。     

控制城市垃圾焚烧二噁（口英）产生与扩散方法

控制垃圾焚烧二产生与扩散分三部分首先,通过预处理除去原生垃圾中的聚氯乙烯塑料,从源头上控制垃圾焚烧二哄产生的物质基础;其次,垃圾焚烧炉采用组合式循环流化床锅炉,实行垃圾先低温热解气化,然后高温燃烧垃圾热解气体的方式,同时在炉内加入添加剂实现稳定燃烧和部分脱氯,以减少二哄在炉内生成和炉后形成量;最后,在烟气尾部采用吸附剂吸附二哄,并与布袋除尘器配套使用,控制二哄的尾部扩散.该工艺具有成本低、控污效率高等优点,特别适用于发展中国家的垃圾焚烧二哄控制.     

发展绿色高性能混凝土促进可持续发展(英文)

面对自然资源不断减少和环境污染日益严重的问题,普通混凝土已经不能很好地适应社会经济发展需要,人们对混凝土性能提出了更高要求。混凝土材料的发展须与保护环境、节约能源、节省资源综合考虑,协调发展。绿色高性能混凝土(GHPC)是近年发展起来的一种绿色、环保、符合我国可持续发展战略的新型建筑材料。本文介绍了绿色高性能混凝土的概念以及特征,分析了绿色混凝土的分类及目前的应用状况,进而提出了绿色混凝土尚存在的问题。明确地指出发展绿色高性能混凝土是混凝土材料可持续发展的必然方向。