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891.
A series of oxime esters was synthesized by esterification of 3-ethoxy-4-benzaldehyde oxime with acid chlorides in the presence of triethylamine. They were evaluated for their in vitro antifungal activity against three pathogenic fungi, namely Rhizoctonia bataticola, Fusarium udum, and Alternaria porii, and their antibacterial activity against the three bacterial strains Staphylococcus aureus, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and Klebsiella pneumoneae. The compounds bearing medium-length alkyl chains showed greater activity than those with long alkyl chains. An electron-donating group in para position of the aryl ring confers highest activity. 相似文献
892.
Namita Ashish Singh 《Environmental Chemistry Letters》2017,15(2):185-191
Nanotechnology can be defined as the use of nanomaterials for human benefit. Nanomaterials have unique properties due to their physical and chemical characteristics at the nanoscale (10?9 nm). Nowadays, nanotechnology is providing new products in all industrial sectors. This article reviews innovations in fields such as biomedical, diagnosis of diseases, therapeutics, agriculture and food, nanofertilizers, oil, gas, textile and cosmeceuticals and packaging. Recent trends of patents and scholarly publications in nanotechnology are also discussed. 相似文献
893.
Bherwani Hemant Anjum Saima Gupta Ankit Singh Anju Kumar Rakesh 《Environment, Development and Sustainability》2021,23(11):15857-15880
Environment, Development and Sustainability - Local climate in an area is significantly affected by the extent of urbanization. The microclimatic parameters such as wind speed (W), relative... 相似文献
894.
Vedant Singh 《The Environmentalist》2016,36(4):377-403
This study employs a structural equation modeling (SEM) approach to identify the key perceptions that influence greenhouse gas (GHG) emission reduction potential (ERP) in air transport. It explores the correlation relationships between various perceptions and air transport GHG emission reduction potential. Personal approach and self-administered surveys were used to collect data from 249 aviation experts. The results of the SEM showed aircraft technology and design, aviation operations and infrastructure, socioeconomic and political measures, and alternative fuels and fuel properties are the key influencing perceptions for reducing GHG emissions. Aircraft technology and design had the strongest ERP, followed by aviation operations and infrastructure with a strong correlation between them. The structural model proved reliable and in agreement to identify the perceptions of the ERP. The outputs can be used to measure the level of knowledge and understanding about the ERP of air transport and can provide airlines with valuable information for designing appropriate air transport policies for emission reduction. 相似文献
895.
Neerja Jasneet Grewal Amrik Bhattacharya Sumit Kumar Dileep K. Singh 《Journal of environmental science and health. Part. B》2016,51(12):809-816
A solvent tolerant bacterium Serratia marcescens NCIM 2919 has been evaluated for degradation of DDT (1,1,1-trichloro-2,2-bis (4-chlorophenyl) ethane). The bacterium was able to degrade up to 42% of initial 50 mg L?1 of DDT within 10 days of incubation. The highlight of the work was the elucidation of DDT degradation pathway in S. marcescens. A total of four intermediates metabolites viz. 2,2-bis (chlorophenyl)-1,1-dichloroethane (DDD), 2,2-bis (chlorophenyl)-1,1-dichloroethylene (DDE), 2,2-bis (chlorophenyl)-1-chloroethylene (DDMU), and 4-chlorobenzoic acid (4-CBA) were identified by GC-Mass and FTIR. 4-CBA was found to be the stable product of DDT degradation. Metabolites preceding 4-CBA were not toxic to strain as reveled through luxuriant growth in presence of varying concentrations of exogenous DDD and DDE. However, 4-CBA was observed to inhibit the growth of bacterium. The DDT degrading efficiency of S. marcescens NCIM 2919 hence could be used in combination with 4-CBA utilizing strains either as binary culture or consortia for mineralization of DDT. Application of S. marcescens NCIM 2919 to DDT contaminated soil, showed 74.7% reduction of initial 12.0 mg kg?1 of DDT after 18-days of treatment. 相似文献
896.
Earthworms,pesticides and sustainable agriculture: a review 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Shivika Datta Joginder Singh Sharanpreet Singh Jaswinder Singh 《Environmental science and pollution research international》2016,23(9):8227-8243
The aim of this review is to generate awareness and understand the importance of earthworms in sustainable agriculture and effect of pesticides on their action. The natural resources are finite and highly prone to degradation by the misuse of land and mismanagement of soil. The world is in utter need of a healthy ecosystem that provides with fertile soil, clean water, food and other natural resources. Anthropogenic activities have led to an increased contamination of land. The intensification of industrial and agricultural practices chiefly the utilization of pesticides has in almost every way made our natural resources concave. Earthworms help in a number of tasks that support many ecosystem services that favor agrosystem sustainability but are degraded by exhaustive practices such as the use of pesticides. The present review assesses the response of earthworm toward the pesticides and also evaluates the relationship between earthworm activity and plant growth. We strictly need to refresh and rethink on the policies and norms devised by us on sustainable ecology. In an equivalent way, the natural resources should be utilized and further, essential ways for betterment of present and future livelihood should be sought. 相似文献
897.
Ali Ahsan Bajwa Sehrish Sadia Hafiz Haider Ali Khawar Jabran Arslan Masood Peerzada Bhagirath Singh Chauhan 《Environmental science and pollution research international》2016,23(24):24694-24710
Weed management is one of the prime concerns for sustainable crop production. Conyza bonariensis and Conyza canadensis are two of the most problematic, noxious, invasive and widespread weeds in modern-day agriculture. The biology, ecology and interference of C. bonariensis and C. canadensis have been reviewed here to highlight pragmatic management options. Both these species share a unique set of biological features, which enables them to invade and adapt a wide range of environmental conditions. Distinct reproductive biology and an efficient seed dispersal mechanism help these species to spread rapidly. Ability to interfere strongly and to host crop pests makes these two species worst weeds of cropping systems. These weed species cause 28–68 % yield loss in important field crops such as soybean and cotton every year. These weeds are more prevalent in no-till systems and, thus, becoming a major issue in conservation agriculture. Cultural practices such as crop rotations, seed rate manipulation, mulching, inter-row tillage and narrow row spacing may provide an effective control of these species. However, such methods are not feasible and applicable under all types of conditions. Different herbicides also provide a varying degree of control depending on crop, agronomic practices, herbicide dose, application time and season. However, both these species have evolved resistance against multiple herbicides, including glyphosate and paraquat. The use of alternative herbicides and integrated management strategies may provide better control of herbicide-resistant C. bonariensis and C. canadensis. Management plans based on the eco-biological interactions of these species may prove sustainable in the future. 相似文献
898.
Asha Embrandiri Rajeev P. Singh Hakimi M. Ibrahim Azhani A. Ramli 《The Environmentalist》2012,32(1):111-117
Man’s increased demand for food and better living conditions has led to over exploitation of resources and the consequent
generation of enormous amounts of liquid and solid waste materials. This is one of the global challenges for mankind. In Malaysia,
palm oil mill waste (POMW) contributes the highest proportion of industrial solid wastes produced yearly. Wastes from the
mills include palm oil mill effluent, decanter cake, empty fruit bunches, seed shells and the fibre from the mesocarp. Direct
application of POMW into agricultural soil has resulted in a number of problems such as water pollution, leaching. However,
with application rates specific for targeted plant species, land application can be employed as a permanent solution to the
problem of waste from palm oil mills. This review examines the characteristics of each of the palm oil wastes and their potential
for use as a future fertilizer supplement. 相似文献
899.
The aim of the present study is to study the effect of γ-dose rate on the biodegradation of γ-sterilized polyolefins. Films
of isotactic polypropylene, high density polyethylene and ethylene-propylene (EP) copolymer were sterilized under γ-radiation
with doses of 10 and 25 kGy. Two different 60Co sources were used with dose rate 600 and 780 Gy h−1. Neat and sterilized samples were incubated in compost and fungal culture environments. The changes in functional groups,
surface morphology and intrinsic viscosity in polymer chains were characterized by FT-IR spectroscopy, SEM and viscometric
measurements, respectively. It was observed that both γ-degradation and biodegradation processes depend on the dose rate of
γ-source. It was found that the biodegradation of γ-sterilized polyolefins in composting and microbial culture environments
increased with decreasing the γ-dose rate. 相似文献
900.
Jaspreet Kaur Ravinder Singh Sawhney Maninder Singh 《International Journal of Green Energy》2020,17(5):309-318
ABSTRACTIn the era of developing technologies, there is always been a crisis of rising demands of energy. There is no skepticism that a lot of energy is being produced every hour for almost each and every field, but still an exploration is needed to come up with new and viable options for energy creation. The same is the objective of this paper which proposes the use of waste biomaterials in association with organic and inorganic materials as a source of energy to power up small electronic devices. In this research egg shell membrane (ESM)-based triboelectric nanogenerator (TENG) is proposed in combination with calotropis (Calo), cellulose from fruit of Bombax Ceiba (BOM), cellulose in form of tissue paper (TISU), dog hair (DH), polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE), aluminum (Al), and copper (Cu). ESM is eco-friendly waste food by-product and available in abundance. Characterization of ESM is done by scanning electron microscope (SEM), atomic force microscope (AFM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), and Fourier transform infrared spectrophotometer (FTIR). The proposed ESM-PTFE-based TENG power up 462 green LEDs (462 × 2 V = 924 V ~ 1 kV) without rectifier and produced up to 7.61 µJ energy with 4.7 µF capacitor at 200 tapings. All the proposed ESM-based TENG combinations generate sufficient voltage to turn ON the wrist watch. This green-energy-based TENG has potential application in various fields especially related to medical devices. 相似文献