珠江口沉积环境中硫化物分布特征与污染评价

于2002年5月在珠江河口区设20个调查站,按<海洋监测规范>采集表层沉积物样品,用碘量法测定硫化物含量,用质量指数法进行评价.结果(以S2-干重计)显示:各测站的硫化物含量在(94.9～306) ×10-6间变化,部分区域已有轻度污染,在河口北部(平均251×10-6)明显高于南部(平均188×10-6)(P< 0.05)、近岸(平均233×10-6)略高于远岸(平均188×10-6),平均含量220×10-6在我国沿岸半封闭型海域属中等偏高,保持了20 a来较高的水平,局部污染加重.     

我国对外来物种互花米草的研究进展与展望

互花米草是1979年我国从美国引进的外来物种,自引进之后,互花米草在我国沿海分布广泛,对我国沿海环境产生了一定的影响,也引起了我国学者对互花米草进行了广泛系列的研究,得出了一系列有益的成果.我国学者对互花米草的研究从引种栽培、生物学特征、开发利用、环境影响等多方面进行了研究,对引进互花米草对生态环境影响的利弊进行了分析总结,对以后的研究重点方向进行了展望,这对我国更加科学合理地开发利用这一外来物种以及进一步明确以后的研究方向具有一定的指导意义.     

安徽省测震台网系统构成

本文对安徽测震台网的系统构成、子台分布、地震设备情况、传输信道、台网的技术系统功能进行了介绍。安徽测震台网部的建成,使得地震监控能力得到更大的提升,在安徽省地震应急中必将发挥积极的作用。     

古黄河泗阳段流域综合治理与生态环境保护

通过采取"治、退、拆、清、修、整、建、营、养、植"等生态修复综合措施、建立古黄河生态保护圈,加强古黄河泗阳段周边环境的生态保护,进一步净化水体环境,同时增加古黄河泗阳段蓄水量,提高水质的稳定性,使得社会效益、环境效益和经济效益达到最佳统一,实现水资源的持续利用.同时改善古黄河地区的空气环境,给古黄河地区的人民一个蓝天,实现古黄河泗阳地区的蓝天碧水.     

关于灾害管理学的几点想法

随着社会经济的发展,我国各种自然灾害的发生有规模大、损失严重的趋势,加强灾害管理对于建立和谐社会意义重大.本文在总结前人工作的基础上,阐述了灾害管理的含义、灾害管理系统的自组织性和协同性,概括了灾害管理的一般方法,指出灾害管理是发展管理.     

兰聊断裂中南部及周边流动重力前兆异常特征

通过整理和剖析兰聊断裂带中南部及其周边地震重力观测资料,分析研究了兰聊断裂带中南部重力场时空变化及其与地震活动的关系,特别是2003年来兰聊断裂发生的几次ML4级左右地震的前兆特征,研究了强震孕育发生过程重力异常特征及探讨断裂带周边重力特征。     

WRF模式中城市冠层参数化方案在重庆气象环境模拟中的性能比较

目前,耦合在WRF模式中的城市冠层方案包括单层冠层方案（UCM）、多层冠层方案(BEP)以及考虑室内外大气能量交换的多层冠层方案(BEP+BEM)。以2006年高温伏旱天气为背景,典型的拥有高密建筑物的山地城市重庆为研究对象,采用高分辨率的GIS数据替换USGS地形数据,对WRF中的3种城市冠层方案进行了两天的模拟。结果表明：（1）在不采用城市冠层方案时模拟的气温场和风场效果较差,2 m气温模拟值与观测值的均方差达到32℃;（2）在10个城市站点2 m气温的模拟中,BEP+BEM、BEP、UCM方案与观测值的模拟值与观测值的均方差为13℃、14℃、21℃,UCM方案相对较差,BEP+BEM方案最好;（3）在10 m风速的模拟中,单层方案结果偏大,两种多层方案与观测值有较好的一致性,二者差别较小。3种方案都能模拟出大致的风向     

Effects of grazing and fencing on carbon and nitrogen reserves in plants and soils of alpine meadow in the three headwater resource regions

Knowledge about carbon and nitrogen in plants and soils and response to fence and graze in alpine ecosystems is still rudimentary because of extremely geographic situation. The purpose of this study was to compare the difference among carbon, nitrogen concentration, and content of unit area and dynamics of above- and below-ground biomass, soil organic carbon and total nitrogen between fencing and grazing alpine meadow. The results showed that total carbon and C: N radio in the aboveground tissue were significantly higher in fenced and ungrazing grassland (FU) than those in free grazing grassland (FG). In addition, the order of total carbon and nitrogen concentration of aboveground tissue of different function groups were not identical between them; The total carbon storage (TCS) per unit of aboveground tissue, roots and 0–30 cm soil layer increased after being fenced for 5 years from free grazing grassland (9255.17 g/m²) to fenced and ungrazing grassland (12637.10 g/m²) by 26.79%. The corresponding total nitrogen storage (TNS) increased by 751.42 g/m². Furthermore over 95% TCS (TNS) come from 0–30 cm soil layer. However there were no significant differences between fenced and ungrazing grasslands of 10 years and 5 years. Therefore fenced to exclude grazing by Tibetan sheep and yaks was an alternative approach to sequester C to the soil in alpine meadow systems.     

The Three Gorges Project in Figures

Abstact

Ecological city is the advanced mode of harmonious development of city. Constant improvement is being made in the development of ecological city. However, building ecological city is an enormous project that calls for a huge amount of capital. The government fund is far from adequate. This paper probes into the fund issue and discusses in detail the mechanism of investment and financing in building ecological city from various aspects such as diversification of the investment subjects and the modes of financing.     

Migration drivers in mountain regions in the context of climate change:A case study in Shangnan County of China

Climate change has become widely accepted as a challenge that humans will face in the not-too-distant future.Mountain ecosystems and their inhabitants are among the most vulnerable to climate change.This paper seeks to explain migration drivers in specific mountain regions in the context of climate change based on Foresight’s conceptual framework.A climate change sensitive field named Shangnan County in southern Shaanxi Province is chosen as the case study area to investigate local migration drivers.A series of qualitative research methods is employed in the case study including participant observation,semi-structured interviews,and focus group discussions.The evidence of survey suggests that migration decisions are not only shaped by macro factors in aspects of environmental,economics,demographic,social,politics and psychological,but also influenced by placed-related barriers and facilitating mechanisms and personal characteristics.