Characteristics of particulate-bound polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons emitted from industrial grade biomass boilers

Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons(PAHs) are carcinogenic or mutagenic and are important toxic pollutants in the flue gas of boilers. Two industrial grade biomass boilers were selected to investigate the characteristics of particulate-bound PAHs: one biomass boiler retro-fitted from an oil boiler(BB1) and one specially designed(BB2) biomass boiler. One coal-fired boiler was also selected for comparison. By using a dilution tunnel system, particulate samples from boilers were collected and 10 PAH species were analyzed by gas chromatography–mass spectrometry(GC–MS). The total emission factors(EFs) of PAHs ranged from 0.0064 to0.0380 mg/kg, with an average of 0.0225 mg/kg, for the biomass boiler emission samples. The total PAH EFs for the tested coal-fired boiler were 1.8 times lower than the average value of the biomass boilers. The PAH diagnostic ratios for wood pellets and straw pellets were similar.The ratio of indeno(1,2,3-cd)pyrene/[indeno(1,2,3-cd)pyrene + benzo(g,h,i)perylene] for the two biomass boilers was lower than those of the reference data for other burning devices, which can probably be used as an indicator to distinguish the emission of biomass boilers from that of industrial coal-fired boilers and residential stoves. The toxic potential of the emission from wood pellet burning was higher than that from straw pellet burning, however both of them were much lower than residential stove exhausts.     

节能环保产业公司融资效率研究——基于四阶段DEA-Malmquist模型

在经典的DEA模型的基础上进行了修正,采用四阶段DEA模型,旨在剔除环境控制变量对效率测度结果的影响.同时,在DEA模型的基础上引入Malmquist指数分析法,以弥补DEA模型无法测度面板数据的缺陷.选取了2012年-2014年A股节能环保上市公司的面板数据,测度了样本的融资效率及三年的融资效率变化情况,结果表明:资源循环利用行业的融资效率最高,其次是环保行业,融资效率最低的是节能行业.样本企业总体的融资效率每年都在增长,但增长速度开始放缓.     

基于P-S-R框架辽宁省2003年-2012年城市生态安全演变趋势研究

着眼于辽宁省经济发展与环境问题凸显的现状,基于压力-状态-响应(P-S-R)生态安全评价模型,选取辽宁省14个城市2003年-2012年的经济、社会与环境等25个指标数据进行生态安全综合评价,对生态安全演变趋势进行分析.结果表明:十年来辽宁省城市生态安全指数呈现整体上升趋势,生态安全综合评价指数基本与生态安全指数变化趋势相似,说明辽宁省生态安全状况正逐步改善,并且总体呈现发展趋势,辽宁省的生态安全建设取得一定进展.     

Emergy-based assessment on industrial symbiosis: a case of Shenyang Economic and Technological Development Zone

Industrial symbiosis is the sharing of services, utility, and by-product resources among industries. This is usually made in order to add value, reduce costs, and improve the environment, and therefore has been taken as an effective approach for developing an eco-industrial park, improving resource efficiency, and reducing pollutant emission. Most conventional evaluation approaches ignored the contribution of natural ecosystem to the development of industrial symbiosis and cannot reveal the interrelations between economic development and environmental protection, leading to a need of an innovative evaluation method. Under such a circumstance, we present an emergy analysis-based evaluation method by employing a case study at Shenyang Economic and Technological Development Zone (SETDZ). Specific emergy indicators on industrial symbiosis, including emergy savings and emdollar value of total emergy savings, were developed so that the holistic picture of industrial symbiosis can be presented. Research results show that nonrenewable inputs, imported resource inputs, and associated services could be saved by 89.3, 32.51, and 15.7 %, and the ratio of emergy savings to emergy of the total energy used would be about 25.58 %, and the ratio of the emdollar value of total emergy savings to the total gross regional product (GRP) of SETDZ would be 34.38 % through the implementation of industrial symbiosis. In general, research results indicate that industrial symbiosis could effectively reduce material and energy consumption and improve the overall eco-efficiency. Such a method can provide policy insights to industrial park managers so that they can raise appropriate strategies on developing eco-industrial parks. Useful strategies include identifying more potential industrial symbiosis opportunities, optimizing energy structure, increasing industrial efficiency, recovering local ecosystems, and improving public and industrial awareness of eco-industrial park policies.     

马克思自然观的生态意义

摘要：当代社会，生态问题已成为全球性的问题。但早在马克思生存的时代就已经初露端倪，马克思对此进行了详细的阐述并且提出了解决途径。     

An overview of municipal solid waste management in China

Municipal solid waste management (MSWM) in China warrants particular attention as China has become the largest MSW generator in the world and the total amount of MSW it produces continues to increase. In recent years, central and local governments have made great efforts to improve MSWM in China. New regulations and policies have been issued, urban infrastructure has been improved, and commercialization and international cooperation have been encouraged. Considering these developments, an overview is necessary to analyze the current state as well as new opportunities and challenges regarding MSWM in China. This paper shows that since the late 1990s, the amount of MSW collected has been largely decoupled from economic growth and incineration has become an increasingly widespread treatment method for MSW. We identify and discuss four major challenges and barriers related to China’s MSWM, and propose an integrated management framework to improve the overall eco-efficiency of MSWM.     

辽宁省渔业产业结构调整及其优化研究

加快渔业产业结构调整、刺激渔业经济增长,是辽宁省渔业经济发展的现实需要。从2000—2012年的经济数据分析来看,辽宁省渔业产业结构现状是支柱产业稳定、主导产业发展潜力小、潜导产业向主导产业转移。采用Gompertz曲线预测,得出2015年辽宁省渔业经济总产值年均增长速度为9.5%,与农业部发布的《全国渔业发展"十二五"规划》中2015年渔业经济总产值年均增速10.2%的发展目标存在一定的差距,以此为基础提出辽宁省渔业产业结构优化的具体路径选择。     

短链氯化石蜡暴露对HepG2细胞代谢的影响

短链氯化石蜡(short-chain chlorinated paraffins,SCCPs)是一组成分复杂的氯代正构烷烃,在环境中普遍存在。然而有关其毒性机理的信息十分有限,限制了对其健康风险的评估。本研究采用液相色谱–串联质谱(LC-MS/MS)分析技术,研究了不同剂量的SCCPs暴露(0、1.0、10.0和100.0μg·L-1;C13-CPs;55.0%Cl)对人体肝癌细胞Hep G2的糖代谢、氨基酸代谢和脂肪酸代谢的影响。通过偏最小二乘判别分析(PLS-DA)鉴别各组代谢产物谱差异,发现3个SCCPs暴露剂量组均能够与对照组完全分开,表明SCCPs短期暴露能够引起细胞代谢活动的显著改变。SCCPs的低剂量暴露可明显刺激Hep G2细胞对氨基酸的吸收。与对照组相比,SCCPs低剂量暴露组(1.0μg·L-1)培养基中谷氨酰胺、色氨酸和丝氨酸的含量显著(P0.05)降低。而高剂量SCCPs(100.0μg·L-1)暴露抑制了细胞对氨基酸和葡萄糖吸收,但促进了乳酸、丙氨酸、半胱氨酸的生成。氨基酸吸收的抑制不可避免地会影响蛋白质的合成。同时,SCCPs的暴露使饱和脂肪酸代谢紊乱,使不饱和脂肪酸水平上调。为确定SCCPs的毒性作用方式,有必要从转录组和蛋白组层面进一步研究其毒性机制。     

环保生态型沥青混合料的植生性能研究

为确定环境友好型环保生态型沥青混合料的性能,对其进行强度特性、低温性能、高温稳定性、水稳性、抗剥离性及透水性等物理力学性能试验,并针对新型植草生态型沥青混合料的应用推广,通过植草试验研究比较所选基质和种子的实际种植效果及对环境的影响。研究成果可为生态型沥青混合料在环保工程上的应用提供理论指导。     

某油田循环注气开发项目职业病危害控制效果评价

目的:分析某油田循环注气开发建设项目产生的职业病危害因素,评价职业病危害控制效果,提出改进措施,保护劳动者健康.方法:采取现场职业卫生调查、工作场所职业病危害因素检测和职业健康检查等方法进行评价.结果:化学毒物、噪声、照度均低于职业接触限值.结论:该项目对各职业病危害因素均采取了防护措施,降低了职业病危害因素的浓度或强度,职业病危害控制措施基本可行有效.