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421.
The present study evaluated exposure to bioaerosols at three different types of facilities (pet shops, pet clinics, and flower gardens) by measuring the bacterial, fungal and/or PM(10) concentrations in indoor and outdoor air. Regardless of the season, the total bacteria and total fungi were detected for all samples, whereas the fungal genera were not. The bioaerosol concentrations measured in the flower gardens were significantly higher than those of the pet shops and pet clinics. The mean microbial concentrations at the three types of facilities were close to or exceeded the Korean indoor bioaerosol guidelines (800 CFU m(-3)), thus suggesting the need for remedial action regarding indoor microorganisms, in order to reduce the exposure at the surveyed facilities. Another suggestion was that contrary to the airborne microbes, flower gardens are not an important microenvironment for PM(10) (particulate matter 10 microm in aerodynamic diameter) exposure. Two temporal characteristics (seasonal variation and the summer survey period) were important regarding exposure to airborne microbes, depending upon the type of facility surveyed, microbial or sample types, whereas the sampling time of the day was not. The microbial concentration ratio of indoor air to outdoor air depended upon the facility and season. 相似文献
422.
Yu S Mathur R Kang D Schere K Eder B Pleim J 《Journal of the Air & Waste Management Association (1995)》2006,56(10):1459-1471
A real-time air quality forecasting system (Eta-Community Multiscale Air Quality [CMAQ] model suite) has been developed by linking the National Centers for Environmental Estimation Eta model to the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) CMAQ model. This work presents results from the application of the Eta-CMAQ modeling system for forecasting ozone (O3) over the Northeastern United States during the 2002 New England Air Quality Study (NEAQS). Spatial and temporal performance of the Eta-CMAQ model for O3 was evaluated by comparison with observations from the EPA Air Quality System (AQS) network. This study also examines the ability of the model to simulate the processes governing the distributions of tropospheric O3 on the basis of the intensive datasets obtained at the four Atmospheric Investigation, Regional Modeling, Analysis, and Estimation (AIRMAP) and Harvard Forest (HF) surface sites. The episode analysis reveals that the model captured the buildup of O3 concentrations over the northeastern domain from August 11 and reproduced the spatial distributions of observed O3 very well for the daytime (8:00 p.m.) of both August 8 and 12 with most of normalized mean bias (NMB) within +/- 20%. The model reproduced 53.3% of the observed hourly O3 within a factor of 1.5 with NMB of 29.7% and normalized mean error of 46.9% at the 342 AQS sites. The comparison of modeled and observed lidar O3 vertical profiles shows that whereas the model reproduced the observed vertical structure, it tended to overestimate at higher altitude. The model reproduced 64-77% of observed NO2 photolysis rate values within a factor of 1.5 at the AIRMAP sites. At the HF site, comparison of modeled and observed O3/nitrogen oxide (NOx) ratios suggests that the site is mainly under strongly NOx-sensitive conditions (>53%). It was found that the modeled lower limits of the O3 production efficiency values (inferred from O3-CO correlation) are close to the observations. 相似文献
423.
Linda Maharjan Shichang Kang Lekhendra Tripathee Chaman Gul Huijun Zheng Quanlian Li Pengfei Chen Mukesh Rai Ewerton Santos 《环境科学学报(英文版)》2022,34(2):1-15
Much attention is drawn to polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons(PAHs) as an air pollutant due to their toxic, mutagenic and carcinogenic properties. Therefore, to understand the levels, seasonality, sources and potential health risk of PAHs in two distinct geographical locations at Karachi and Mardan in Pakistan, total suspended particle(TSP) samples were collected for over one year period. The average total PAH concentrations were 31.5 ± 24.4 and 199 ± 229 ng/m3 in Karachi and Mardan, re... 相似文献
424.
Jinping Ou Qihou Hu Haoran Liu Shiqi Xu Z.huang Wang Xiangguang Ji Xinqi Wang Zhouqing Xie Hui Kang 《环境科学学报(英文版)》2022,34(1):75-83
New particle formation(NPF) events are an increasingly interesting topic in air quality and climate science. In this study, the particle number size distributions, and the frequency of NPF events over Hefei were investigated from November 2018 to February 2019. The proportions of the nucleation mode, Aitken mode, and accumulation mode were 24.59%,53.10%, and 22.30%, respectively, which indicates the presence of abundant ultrafine particles in Hefei. Forty-six NPF events occurred during the obser... 相似文献
425.
Sangchul Nam Wan Namkoong Jeong-Hee Kang Jin-Kyu Park Namhoon Lee 《Waste management (New York, N.Y.)》2013,33(10):2091-2098
Due to the increase in energy cost by constantly high oil prices and the obligation to reduce greenhouse effect gases, landfill gas is frequently used as an alternative energy source for producing heat and electricity. Most of landfill gas utility facilities, however, are experiencing problems controlling siloxanes from landfill gas as their catalytic oxidizers are becoming fouled by silicon dioxide dust. To evaluate adsorption characteristics of siloxanes, an adsorption equilibrium test was conducted and parameters in the Freundlich and Langmuir isotherms were analyzed. Coconut activated carbon (CA1), coal activated carbon (CA2), impregnated activated carbon (CA3), silicagel (NCA1), and activated alumina (NCA2) were used for the adsorption of the mixed siloxane which contained hexamethyldisiloxane (L2), octamethylcyclotetrasiloxane (D4), and decamethylcyclopentasiloxane (D5). L2 had higher removal efficiency in noncarbon adsorbents compared to carbon adsorbents. The application of Langmuir and Freundlich adsorption isotherm demonstrated that coconut based CA1 and CA3 provided higher adsorption capacity on L2. And CA2 and NCA1 provided higher adsorption capacity on D4 and D5. Based on the experimental results, L2, D4, and D5 were converted by adsorption and desorption in noncarbon adsorbents. Adsorption affinity of siloxane is considered to be affect by the pore size distribution of the adsorbents and by the molecular size of each siloxane. 相似文献
426.
Fang Chen Ping Liu Ying Gu Zhu Zhu Amulya Nanisetti Zhangzhang Lan Zhiwei Huang Jia Sophie Liu Xiongbin Kang Yuqing Deng Liqiong Luo Dan Jiang Yong Qiu Jianchang Pan Jun Xia Ken Xiong Chao Liu Lin Xie Qianyu Shi Jing Li Xiuqing Zhang Wei Wang Snezana Drmanac Lars Bolund Hui Jiang Radoje Drmanac Xun Xu 《黑龙江环境通报》2017,37(13):1311-1321
427.
The Fuzzy Synthesizing Evaluation of City''''s Environmental Quality Based on GIOWA Operator:A Case of 13 Cities of Jiangsu Province 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Bai Xianchun Ling Kang & Guo Cunzhi . Institute of Management Science Engineering Jinan University Guangzhou China . Nanjing University of Finance Economics School of Economics Nanjing China 《中国人口.资源与环境(英文版)》2005,(4)
1 INTRODUCTION In China, cities have been undergoing a rapid development in recent years. On the one hand, the level of urbanization rises continuously and a large population gathers in a city. The number and the scale of city increase and enlarge continuously. On the other hand, large population gathering in a city brings a huge pressure to the ecological environment of the city. The environmental pollution of the city is becoming more serious. This is a terrible and heavy cost for city… 相似文献
428.
429.
安徽省数字化地电场FFT频谱分析研究 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
采用傅里叶变换方法对安徽省地电场进行功率谱分析。结果显示,地电场在磁静日和磁扰日的显著周期不同,静日以24 h、12 h、8 h和6 h最为显著,扰日则以4.8 h、4 h显著;一个月的地电场中最显著的周期为12 h和12 h附近。不同台站相同方向的地电场数据具有相似的频谱,可以根据地电场的频谱来判断地电场数据的可靠性。 相似文献
430.
Kang Sun Yu Qu Qiong Wu Tingting Han Jianwei Gu Jingjing Zhao Yele Sun Qi Jiang Ziqi Gao Min Hu Yuanhang Zhang Keding Lu Stephan Nordmann Yafang Cheng Li Hou Hui Ge Masami Furuuchi Mitsuhiko Hat Xingang Liu 《环境科学学报(英文版)》2014,26(8):1641-1650
Size-resolved aerosols were continuously collected by a Nano Sampler for 13 days at an urban site in Beijing during winter 2012 to measure the chemical composition of ambient aerosol particles. Data collected by the Nano Sampler and an ACSM(Aerodyne Aerosol Chemical Speciation Monitor) were compared. Between the data sets,similar trends and strong correlations were observed,demonstrating the validity of the Nano Sampler. PM10 and PM2.5concentrations during the measurement were 150.5 ± 96.0 μg/m3(mean ± standard variation)and 106.9 ± 71.6 μg/m3,respectively. The PM2.5/PM10 ratio was 0.70 ± 0.10,indicating that PM2.5dominated PM10. The aerosol size distributions showed that three size bins of 0.5–1,1–2.5 and 2.5–10 μm contributed 21.8%,23.3% and 26.0% to the total mass concentration(TMC),respectively. OM(organic matter) and SIA(secondary ionic aerosol,mainly SO42-,NO3-and NH4+) were major components of PM2.5. Secondary compounds(SIA and secondary organic carbon) accounted for half of TMC(about 49.8%) in PM2.5,and suggested that secondary aerosols significantly contributed to the serious particulate matter pollution observed in winter. Coal burning,biomass combustion,vehicle emissions and SIA were found to be the main sources of PM2.5. Mass concentrations of water-soluble ions and undetected materials,as well as their fractions in TMC,strikingly increased with deteriorating particle pollution conditions,while OM and EC(elemental carbon) exhibited different variations,with mass concentrations slightly increasing but fractions in TMC decreasing. 相似文献