20t/h煤粉炉除尘系统改造

对大同矿务局中央机厂２０ｔ／ｈ煤粉炉原有除尘系统所存在的问题进行了全面分析，在此基础上，确定了改造方案，进行了改造设计。改造后实际运行情况表明，２０ｔ／ｈ煤粉炉的烟气黑度及烟尘浓度均达到了国家二级标准。     

三亚电厂工程影响潮流场数值模拟

运用嵌套方法对拟建三亚电厂工程海域潮流场进行了数值模拟，预测了电厂码头工程对潮流场的影响。模拟结果表明，嵌套方法的应用更精确地模拟了海岸线的几何形状，提高了工程海域潮流场的精度，清晰地再现了流场的微细结构。     

河流一维水质预测模型在污染贡献值计算中的应用

通过对河流一维水质预测模型的推导和转化,在模型中引入污染源污染物浓度贡献值和预测断面污染物浓度现状监测值,将预测结果同现状监测结果联系起来,使预测结果更贴近实际;探讨利用贡献值简化计算在拟建项目排污口与其下游预测断面间存在若干个未知点源污染情况下的预测断面污染物浓度预测值的方法,以尽可能少人力物力的投入,较为准确、快速的得到预测结果。     

Characteristics of mass distributions of aerosol particle and its inorganic water-soluble ions in summer over a suburb farmland in Beijing

Agricultural activity is one of the most important sources of aerosol particles. To understand the mass distribution and sources of aerosol particles and their inorganic water-soluble ions in a suburb farmland of Beijing, particle samples were collected using a microorifice uniform deposit impactor (MOUDI) in the summer of 2004 in a suburb vegetable field. The distribution of the particles and their inorganic water-soluble ions in the diameter range of 0.18–18 μm were measured. The dominant fine particle ions were SO₄ ²⁻, NO₃ ⁻, and NH₄ ⁺. The association of day-to-day variation of the concentration of these ions with temperature, humidity, and solar radiation suggested that they are formed by the reaction of NH₃ released from the vegetable field with the acid species produced from photochemical reactions. Fine particle K⁺ is likely from vegetation emission and biomass burning. Coarse particles like Ca²⁺, Mg²⁺, NO₃ ⁻, and SO₄ ²⁻ are suggested to come from the mechanical process by which the soil particle entered the atmosphere, and from the reaction of the acid species at the surface of the soil particle. The results show that fertilizer and soil are important factors determining the aerosol particle over agricultural fields, and vegetable fields in suburban Beijing contribute significantly to the aerosol particle. Translated from Environmental Science, 2006, 27(2): 193–199 [译自: 环境科学]     

Phytoplankton in the Weddell Sea,Antarctica: composition,abundance and distribution in water-column assemblages of the marginal ice-edge zone during austral autumn

At the compacted, north-south line of the ice edge, phytoplankton were sampled during early austral autumn of 1986 in the northwestern Weddell Sea. Cells from discrete water bottle samples from 12 stations on two east-west transects were counted to gain quantitative information on the composition, abundance, distribution, and condition of the phytoplankton in water-column assemblages. Over 70 species were found. The highest numbers of total cells (integrated through the top 150 m) were found in open water, well-separated from and to the east of the ice edge on the southern transect, with 6.01×10¹⁰ cells m^-2. The relative abundance of diatoms was low at ice-convered stations (< 35% of the total phytoplankton in preserved samples) and high at open-water stations (> 80%); however, the relative abundance of the prymnesiophyte Phaeocystis sp. was high at ice-covered stations (> 60%) and low at open-water stations (< 16%), with lower absolute abundances than during a previous austral-spring phytoplankton increase. In the open ocean, the dominants were the pennate diatoms Fragilariopsis cylindrus, Pseudonitzschia prolongatoides, F. curta, and a small form of the centric diatom Chaetoceros dichaeta in chains. Although the three pennate diatoms were frequently dominant in number, they represented less biomass than C. dichaeta in open waters. Mean phytoplankton abundance was low (0.2×10⁶ cells l^-1) but, overall, the diatom cell density (0.14×10⁶ cells l^-1) was similar to that found previously during a northward transect from ice-covered to ice-free water at the Weddell-Scotia Sea ice edge (spring 1983). The phytoplankton spatial patterns in the two autumn transects differed, with the more southerly transect exhibiting a higher abundance of diatoms and dinoflagellates. The ratio of full to empty diatoms was higher on the southern transect, indicating a healthy population, while lower ratios of full/empty frustules on the northern transect suggested a generally declining population. However, Phaeocystis sp. was more abundant on the northern transect.     

Estimation of greenhouse gas emissions in China and the abatement measures

The major emission sources of carbon dioxide, methane, nitrous oxide and CFCs in China have been identified, and the emission trends has been estimated. Besides fossil fuel combustion, human respiration and biomass burning are important sources. Some feasible abatement measures on energy conservation, afforestation and biomass recycling have been discussed.     

钢材混酸酸洗中NO_x与酸雾综合治理技术的研究与应用

采用硝酸与其它酸的混合酸对特殊钢进行表面处理时，会产生大量的ＮＯｘ和其它挥发性酸雾，是冶金企业的主要污染源之一。在金属酸洗过程中以投加化学抑制剂的方法控制ＮＯｘ污染，同时以水洗涤、吸收的方法治理其它挥发性酸雾，是治理这种污染的行之有效的综合治理技术。本文简要介绍了化学抑制法控制ＮＯｘ的基本原理，模拟试验的方法以及综合治理技术在工程中应用情况，以供参考。     

硫酸盐还原——甲烷化两相厌氧处理工艺中的回流比研究

以硫酸盐还原—产甲烷两相厌氧新型工艺处理含高浓度硫酸盐有机废水,气提塔出水的回流比的操作选择十分关键。根据、电离平衡理论及最佳工艺条件要求(液相中的C_L(H_2S)≥208mg/L,c(S~(2-))≤500mg/L)推导出估算回流比的模型为[Bc_0(SO_4~(2-))/1500-1]/η≤R≤[Bc_0(SO_4~(2-))(1.49×10~(pH-7) 1)~(-1)/588-1]/η。以该模型为依据处理SO_4~(2-)浓度为10000mg/L合成废水时,得到总COD去除率和总硫酸盐还原率分别为92.6％和97.6％。     

PTA污水处理装置存在问题及对策

针对洛阳石化PTA污水处理装置存在的主要问题，通过分析，提出了相应对策，优化了生产操作，提高了装置的处理水平，保证了污水的达标排放。     

铬天青S分光光度法测定痕量铝的研究

研究了铝-铬天青S(CAS)-溴化十六烷基吡啶(CPB)分光光度法测定水样中痕量铝的最佳实验条件。结果表明:铝-铬天青S(CAS)-溴化十六烷基吡啶(CPB)三元显色体系的最大吸收波长为640nm;最佳显色时间30m in;显色剂铬天青S(CAS)最佳用量2.00mL(0.5g/L);最佳显色pH5.5。在实验确定的最佳条件下,测定结果有较好的稳定性,较高的准确度。