Evaluation of bio-aerosols type,density, and modeling of dispersion in inside and outside of different wards of educational hospital

Environmental Science and Pollution Research - Exposure to bioaerosols in the air of hospitals is associated with a wide range of adverse health effects due to the presence of airborne...     

Effect of Thermo-Mechanical Degradation of Polypropylene on Hygroscopic Characteristics of Wood Flour-Polypropylene Composites

In this research, the influence of thermo-mechanical degradation of polypropylene (PP) on water absorption and thickness swelling of beech wood flour–PP composites were studied. For this purpose, a virgin PP was thermo-mechanically degraded by two times extrusion under controlled conditions. The results showed that the melt flow index, water absorption and thickness swelling of PP significantly increase by extrusion and re-extrusion. The virgin PP and degraded polypropylene were compounded with wood flour (at 60% by weight wood flour loading) in a counter-rotating twin-screw extruder in presence or absence of MAPP to produce wood flour–PP composites. From the results, the composites containing recycled PP exhibited higher water absorption and thickness swelling. The use of MAPP decreased water absorption and thickness swelling in composites made of virgin or recycled PP.     

Green synthesis of 1,3-dihydrobenzimidazol-2-ones from aromatic diamines by microwave in a tetrabutylammonium bromide–ethanol molten salt paste

Environmental Chemistry Letters - The replacement of hazardous solvents by greener alternatives is a major goal in green chemistry. Benzimidazol-2-ones are heterocycles exhibiting a wide range of...     

Spatio-temporal assessment of land use dynamics and urbanization: linking with environmental aspects and DPSIR framework approach

Environmental Science and Pollution Research - Urbanization is the main force of the global environmental as well as land use land cover changes (LULC). Urbanization is caused by prompt increase in...     

Investigation of land use changes in rural areas using MCDM and CA-Markov chain and their effects on water quality and soil fertility in south of Iran

The purpose of the study is to predict drought changes in Dariun, Fars Province, and their impact on water and soil quality. To prepare drought, water, and soil quality zoning maps, Landsat satellite images and the kriging method were used. The fuzzy maps and weights for each parameter were then determined using fuzzy and analytic hierarchy process (AHP) methods. Additionally, cellular automata (CA)-Markov chains were used in order to predict the impact of drought changes on water and soil quality. Using the fuzzy-AHP method, water quality and soil fertility in 2020 were lower compared to previous years, mainly because of land use changes that increased pollution. Based on results of the Markov and CA-Markov chains, approximately 31% of the region will have very poor levels of soil fertility and water quality in 2050. Further, based on remote sensing indicators, it is determined that about 25% of the region will be at high risk of drought in 2050. Thus, if adequate management of the region is not done, the possibility of living in these areas may diminish in the coming years due to drought and deteriorated water and soil quality.

     

Recruiting chemical grafting method for surface modification of stainless steel to fabricate a selective sorbent for solid phase microextraction of mercury metal ion

Environmental Science and Pollution Research - Keeping selectiveness and efficiency in view with solid-phase microextraction (SPME) of metal ions, this work was aimed at synthesis of a novel...     

Intensified constructed wetlands for the treatment of municipal wastewater: experimental investigation and kinetic modelling

Environmental Science and Pollution Research - This study reports organics and nutrient removal performances of the intensified constructed wetlands, i.e., tidal flow-based microbial fuel cell...     

Transformer oils as a potential source of environmental exposure to polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs): an assessment in three central provinces of Iran

Environmental Science and Pollution Research - Polychlorinated biphenyl (PCB) contamination of oils from all transformers of the national electrical grid in Tehran, Qom, and Alborz, three central...     

Characteristics of pipe corrosion scales in untreated water distribution system and effect on water quality in Peshawar,Pakistan

This study investigated the characteristics of iron corrosion scales in pipes at tube well, overhead tank, and consumers’ end in older untreated water distribution system in Peshawar city, Pakistan. Effect of water quality conditions on corrosion scales and that of scales on drinking water quality in such systems was also assessed by undertaking a comparison with new piped distribution systems. The scales were analyzed for chemical composition and morphology using X-ray diffraction (XRD), inductively coupled plasma (ICP), and a scanning electron microscope (SEM), while water quality was examined for physicochemical and biological characteristics. The main crystalline phases of corrosion scales were goethite, magnetite, siderite, and quartz. From tube well to consumers’ end, goethite increased from 36 up to 48%, quartz declined from 22 to 15%, while magnetite fluctuated and siderite disappeared. Elemental composition of scales showed the deposition of Zn, Al, Mn, Cr, Pb, Cu, As, and Cd with Zn (13.9 g/kg) and Al (3.6 g/kg) in highest proportion. The SEM analysis illustrated the presence of microbial communities indicating the formation of biofilms in the corrosion scales. The significant difference (P <?0.05) in levels of dissolved oxygen (DO), Cl^?, SiO₄^4?, electrical conductivity (EC), SO₄^2?, NO₃^?, alkalinity, hardness, and trace metals between old (DS-O) and new piped systems indicated their role in corrosion scale formation/destabilization and the effect of scale dissolution on water quality. In DS-O, EC, Cu, and Mn were significantly higher (P?<?0.05), whereas turbidity, EC, DO, and SiO₄^4? significantly increased from source to consumers’ end implying a higher dissolution of scales and lowered corrosion rates in DS-O to utilize SiO₄^4? and DO for iron oxidation.