全文获取类型
收费全文 | 596篇 |
免费 | 12篇 |
国内免费 | 70篇 |
专业分类
安全科学 | 32篇 |
废物处理 | 61篇 |
环保管理 | 41篇 |
综合类 | 132篇 |
基础理论 | 90篇 |
污染及防治 | 244篇 |
评价与监测 | 55篇 |
社会与环境 | 15篇 |
灾害及防治 | 8篇 |
出版年
2023年 | 8篇 |
2022年 | 18篇 |
2021年 | 22篇 |
2020年 | 7篇 |
2019年 | 16篇 |
2018年 | 22篇 |
2017年 | 35篇 |
2016年 | 22篇 |
2015年 | 18篇 |
2014年 | 25篇 |
2013年 | 57篇 |
2012年 | 38篇 |
2011年 | 50篇 |
2010年 | 34篇 |
2009年 | 31篇 |
2008年 | 44篇 |
2007年 | 36篇 |
2006年 | 27篇 |
2005年 | 23篇 |
2004年 | 15篇 |
2003年 | 24篇 |
2002年 | 24篇 |
2001年 | 16篇 |
2000年 | 8篇 |
1999年 | 13篇 |
1998年 | 5篇 |
1997年 | 7篇 |
1996年 | 5篇 |
1995年 | 3篇 |
1994年 | 5篇 |
1993年 | 3篇 |
1992年 | 1篇 |
1991年 | 3篇 |
1990年 | 1篇 |
1988年 | 1篇 |
1987年 | 2篇 |
1985年 | 1篇 |
1984年 | 1篇 |
1982年 | 1篇 |
1979年 | 1篇 |
1977年 | 1篇 |
1964年 | 1篇 |
1961年 | 1篇 |
1958年 | 2篇 |
排序方式: 共有678条查询结果,搜索用时 10 毫秒
181.
The trends of composite environmental indices in Korea 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
In this paper we construct for the first time an annual Composite Environmental Index from 1986 to 1995 in Korea, which is useful for evaluating the efficiency of environmental policies. Nine types of environmental problems are examined. On average, the composite index has increased annually by 5.3% over the 1986-1995 period, which implies that overall environmental quality has deteriorated gradually during this period. Problems such as the greenhouse effect, loss of biodiversity, natural resource depletion, and ecotoxication led to deterioration of environmental quality in the 1990s. 相似文献
182.
Eco-health evaluation for the Shanghai metropolitan area during the recent industrial transformation (1990-2003) 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
Shanghai is a cosmopolitan city and one of the most important economic centers in China, but is saddled with serious environmental problems resulting from a recent industrial transformation. This paper examines the interactive relationships between economic growth, eco-efficiency of urban metabolism, and environmental performance of the Shanghai metropolitan area since the 1990s using 15 indicators. This study has revealed an enhanced eco-efficiency of water and energy use as well as an improved overall environmental quality in the central urban districts of Shanghai. Both TGDP (total GDP) and GDP per capita increased rapidly at the annual rate of 16.28% and 15.91%, respectively. In contrast, energy consumed per 10000RMB YUAN GDP (ECG), water consumed per 10000RMB YUAN GDP (WCG), wastewater discharged per 10000RMB YUAN GDP (WWDG), and waste gases emitted per 10000RMB YUAN GDP (WGEG) decreased at the annual rate of 9.34%, 10.69%, 14.57%, and 8.52%, respectively. The rapid decline in ECG, WCG, WWDG, and WGEG indicates an enhanced eco-efficiency of urban metabolism. However, uncontrolled emission of wastes from domestic instead of industrial sources adversely affected the overall environmental quality. In addition, suburban areas have undergone rapid economic growth at the cost of human health deterioration, as measured by mortalities and relative mortality ratios of three major diseases (tumor, respiratory disease, and trauma/toxicosis). With Shanghai serving as the "locomotive" driving the economy of the Yangtze River Basin, effective pollution control policies and a network of regional coordination are urgently needed in the globalization and ecological security of the entire area. 相似文献
183.
Kai-Lai G. Ho Anthony L. Pometto III Paul N. Hinz 《Journal of Polymers and the Environment》1999,7(2):83-92
Three high molecular weight (120,000 to 200,000 g mol–1) polylactic acid (PLA) plastic films from Chronopol (Ch-I) and Cargill Dow Polymers (GII and Ca-I) were analyzed for their degradation under various temperature and relative humidity (RH) conditions. Two sets of plastic films, each containing 11 samples, were randomly hung in a temperature/humidity-controlled chamber by means of plastic-coated paper clips. The tested conditions were 28, 40, and 55°C at 50 and 100% RH, respectively, and 55°C at 10% RH. The three tested PLA films started to lose their tensile properties when their weight-average molecular weight (M
w) was in the range of 50,000 to 75,000 g mol–1. The average degradation rate of Ch-I, GII, and Ca-I was 28,931, 27,361, and 63,025 M
w/week, respectively. Hence, GII had a faster degradation rate than Ch-I and Ca-I under all tested conditions. The degradation rate of PLA plastics was enhanced by the increase in temperature and relative humidity. This trend was observed in all three PLA plastics (Ca-I, GII, and Ch-I). Of the three tested films, Ch-I was the first to lose its mechanical properties, whereas Ca-I demonstrated the slowest loss, with mechanical properties under all tested conditions. 相似文献
184.
Shim WJ Oh JR Kahng SH Shim JH Lee SH 《Environmental pollution (Barking, Essex : 1987)》1999,106(3):351-357
Tributyltin (TBT), dibutyltin (DBT), and monobutyltin (MBT) compounds were quantitatively determined from surface sediment samples (total 59 stations) covering a whole basin where harbors, shipyards, and aquaculture farms were located. Butyltin compounds were detected from all the stations covering 640 km(2) of an enclosed bay system. TBT concentrations ranged from 4 to 382 ng/g as tin on a dry weight basis, and total butyltin concentrations, from 27 to 1763 ng/g. Horizontal distribution of TBT concentration showed apparent negative gradients from harbors and shipyards, indicating that its contamination was closely related to boating and dry-docking activities. However, TBT concentrations were decreased steeply from source areas. Elevated DBT and MBT levels in creeks imply the possible input of DBT from industrial wastewater. Total butyltin concentrations in sediments are significantly correlated with particulate organic carbon concentration for the subset of stations that are distant from source areas. 相似文献
185.
Batch scale reactions were conducted to evaluate the efficacy of modified low-grade kaolin for the treatment of petroleum
contaminants. Low-grade kaolin, which has been unvalued as material in the mining process because of its low quality for commercial
products, was modified with HDTMA (hexadecyl-trimethylammonium), and its efficiency was compared with that of HDTMA-modified
bentonite, which is used as a secondary containment barrier for underground storage tanks. The sorption capacity and hydraulic
conductivity of both the HDTMA-modified bentonite and low-grade kaolin were investigated and showed distribution coefficients
in the sorption of benzene, toluene, ethylbenzene and xylene ranging between 45.7 and 583.7 and 57.0 and 525.1, respectively.
The hydraulic conductivities were 2.53 × 10−8 and 5.62 × 10−8 cm/s for the HDTMA-modified bentonite and low-grade kaolin, respectively. These results suggest that HDTMA-modified low-grade
kaolin could be used as a hydraulic barrier against advection migration of petroleum contaminants. Simulation of the one-dimensional
transport of benzene through a liner made of either one of the compounds was also performed. These results also showed that
HDTMA-modified kaolin more effectively retards the transport of benzene. 相似文献
186.
Y.M. Han S.C. Lee J.J. Cao K.F. Ho Z.S. An 《Atmospheric environment (Oxford, England : 1994)》2009,43(38):6066-6073
A previous study on PM2.5 carbonaceous aerosols measured with the thermal optical reflectance (TOR) method in fourteen Chinese cities is extended by subdividing total EC into char-EC and soot-EC. Average char-EC concentrations show great differences between the fourteen cities and between winter and summer periods, with concentrations of 8.67 and 2.41 μg m?3 in winter and summer, respectively. Meanwhile spatial and seasonal soot-EC variations are small, with average concentrations of 1.26 and 1.21 μg m?3 in winter and summer, respectively. Spatial and temporal distributions of char-EC, similar to EC, are mainly influenced by local fuel consumption, as well as the East Asian monsoon and some meteorological factors such as the mixing height and wet precipitation. The small spatial and seasonal variation of soot-EC is consistent with its regional-to-global dispersion, which may suggest that soot carbon is not local carbon, but regional carbon. Char-EC/soot-EC ratios show summer minimum and winter maximum in all cities, which is in good agreement with the difference in source contributions between the two periods. As OC/EC ratio is affected by the formation of the secondary organic aerosol (SOA), char-EC/soot-EC ratio is a more effective indicator for source identification of carbonaceous aerosol than previously used OC/EC ratio. 相似文献
187.
Natarajan Velmurugan Grim Hwang Muthuswamy Sathishkumar Tae Kie Choi Kui-Jae Lee Byung-Taek Oh Yang-Soo Lee 《环境科学学报(英文版)》2010,22(7):1049-1056
A heavy metal contaminated soil sample collected from a mine in Chonnam Province of South Korea was found to be a source
of heavy metal adsorbing biosorbents. Chemical analyses showed high contents of lead (Pb) at 357 mg/kg and cyanide (CN) at 14.6
mg/kg in the soil. The experimental results showed that Penicillium sp. MRF-1 was the best lead resistant fungus among the four
individual metal tolerant fungal species isolated from the soil. Molecular characterization of Penicillium sp. MRF-1 was determined
using ITS regions sequences. E ects of pH, temperature and contact time on adsorption of Pb(II) by Penicillium sp. MRF-1 were
studied. Favorable conditions for maximum biosportion were found at pH 4 with 3 hr contact time. Biosorption of Pb(II) gradually
increased with increasing temperature. E cient performance of the biosorbent was described using Langmuir and Freundlich isotherms.
Adsorption kinetics was studied using pseudo first-order and pseudo second-order models. Biosorbent Penicillium sp. MRF-1 showed
the maximum desorption in alkali conditions. Consistent adsorption/desorption potential of the biosorbent in repetitive cycles validated
the e cacy of it in large scale. SEM studies given notes on surface modification of fungal biomass under metal stress and FT-IR results
showed the presence of amino groups in the surface structure of the biosorbent. In conclusion, the new biosorbent Penicillium sp.
MRF-1 may potentially be used as an inexpensive, easily cultivatable material for the removal of lead from aqueous solution. 相似文献
188.
This article reviews attempts by other workers to derive full economic evaluations of local authority waste paper recovery operations and proposals from government bodies to devise uniform costing systems for these schemes. In the light of this work a standard costing system for local authority waste paper recovery operations is proposed. Empirical data was obtained from a number of local authorities and analysed using this standard costing system. The viability of each scheme under the standard costing system and the Council's original costing system is compared. 相似文献
189.
Recent reports of absent nasal bone in fetuses with Down syndrome have sparked much interest in the use of this finding for the screening of Down syndrome. We describe the histopathological findings of nasal bones of two fetuses with Down syndrome, one with absence and the other with normal ossification of the nasal bone. We propose that histopathological examination of the nasal bone could improve the accuracy of diagnosis of nasal hypoplasia among Down syndrome abortuses. Copyright © 2003 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献
190.
Enteric duplications are rare lesions, and relatively few cases have been diagnosed prenatally. We present, to our knowledge, the first case of an associated communicating ileal duplication cyst in a huge omphalocele diagnosed prenatally. The prenatal ultrasound findings revealed four features of the cystic lesion including peristaltic movements of the cystic wall, communication between the cyst and normal bowel lumen, intra-cystic echogenic contents, and echogenic mesenteric tissue (fat) close to the cyst. These distinct characteristics helped us to make a firm in utero diagnosis. Copyright © 2001 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献