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51.
Kamal Baharin Nur Syahirah Cherdkeattikul Supitchaya Kanada Nami Hara Hirofumi Mizuno Satoru Sawai Toru Fuchihata Manabu Ida Tamio 《Journal of Material Cycles and Waste Management》2023,25(1):17-36
Journal of Material Cycles and Waste Management - Growing concern over fossil fuel depletion and the environmental impact of greenhouse gases have driven the demand for solid biofuel energy as an... 相似文献
52.
Sang-Mi Lee Marko Princevac Satoru Mitsutomi Joe Cassmassi 《Atmospheric environment (Oxford, England : 1994)》2009,43(2):447-457
A series of modifications were implemented in MM5 simulation in order to account for wind along the Santa Clarita valley, a north–south running valley located in the north of Los Angeles. Due to high range mountains in the north and the east of the Los Angeles Air Basin, sea breeze entering Los Angeles exits into two directions. One branch moves toward the eastern part of the basin and the other to the north toward the Santa Clarita valley. However, the northward flow has not been examined thoroughly nor simulated successfully in the previous studies. In the present study, we proposed four modifications to trigger the flow separation. They were (1) increasing drag over the ocean, (2) increasing soil moisture content, (3) selective observational nudging, and (4) one-way nesting for the innermost domain. The Control run overpredicted near-surface wind speed over the ocean and sensible heat flux, in an urbanized area, which justifies the above 1st and 2nd modification. The Modified run provided an improvement in near-surface temperature, sensible heat flux and wind fields including southeasterly flow along the Santa Clarita valley. The improved MM5 wind field triggered a transport to the Santa Clarita valley generating a plume elongated from an urban center to the north, which did not exist in MM5 Control run. In all, the modified MM5 fields yielded better agreement in both CO and O3 simulations especially in the Santa Clarita area. 相似文献
53.
Presently, in Japan there are no limitations on the emission of PCDDs or PCDFs, but in order to study the feasibility of dry type air pollution control, a pilot plant was constructed in 1988 and the removal efficiencies for PCDDs, acid gas and heavy metals were measured.At the same time PCDDs concentration was compared with that of a previously installed electrostatic precipitator (ESP) plus wet scrubber line.In this paper, the following two items are reported.
- 1. (1) The difference in the amounts of PCDDs and PCDFs produced due to differences in gas temperature and retention time in ESP and fabric filter (FF).
- 2. (2) Removal efficiencies of PCDDs and PCDFs of fabric filter.
54.
Jin YH Kawamura A Park SC Nakagawa N Amaguchi H Olsson J 《Journal of environmental monitoring : JEM》2011,13(10):2886-2894
Environmental monitoring data for planning, implementing and evaluating the Total Maximum Daily Loads (TMDL) management system have been measured at about 8-day intervals in a number of rivers in Korea since 2004. In the present study, water quality parameters such as Suspended Solids (SS), Biochemical Oxygen Demand (BOD), Dissolved Oxygen (DO), Total Nitrogen (TN), and Total Phosphorus (TP) and the corresponding runoff were collected from six stations in the Yeongsan River basin for six years and transformed into monthly mean values. With the primary objective to understand spatiotemporal characteristics of the data, a methodologically systematic application of a Self-Organizing Map (SOM) was made. The SOM application classified the environmental monitoring data into nine clusters showing exclusively distinguishable patterns. Data frequency at each station on a monthly basis identified the spatiotemporal distribution for the first time in the study area. Consequently, the SOM application provided useful information that the sub-basin containing a metropolitan city is associated with deteriorating water quality and should be monitored and managed carefully during spring and summer for water quality improvement in the river basin. 相似文献
55.
56.
Kimitaka Nishitani Shinji Kaneko Hidemichi Fujii Satoru Komatsu 《Journal of Cleaner Production》2011,19(17-18):1956-1964
This paper analyzes whether the reduction of pollution emissions improves a firm’s economic performance through the increase in sales to environmentally conscious customers and the cost reductions associated with the improvement in productivity. Because the selection of the control (end-of-pipe) or prevention (cleaner production) approach differently influences the effect through the improvement in productivity, this is also considered. Using panel data for Japanese manufacturing firms over the period 2002–2008, the findings indicate that firms that have reduced their pollution emissions can increase their economic performance through the increase in demand for their products and an improvement in productivity. However, the latter is conditional, and so the prevention approach is preferred. 相似文献
57.
Yusuke Asakuma Yusuke Yamamura Kyuya Nakagawa Kouji Maeda Keisuke Fukui 《Journal of Polymers and the Environment》2011,19(1):209-216
The depolymerization reaction of polyethylene terephthalate (PET) was analyzed on the basis of both experimental data and
numerical data obtained from quantum chemistry calculations. Various alcohols were used as solvents in the search for the
reaction mechanism. The activation energy obtained from the optimized structures of the ground state and the transitional
state was compared with our experimental data. Based on these comparisons, it was found that the formation of rings from alkoxyl
groups and carbonyl carbon atoms at the transitional state is highly important when the ester bonds of PET are broken. Moreover,
the most appropriate alcohol was suggested for the depolymerization reaction. 相似文献
58.
This study developed a seven-compartment model for predicting the fate of selenium (Se) in an aquatic environment containing a water-sediment boundary. Speciation of Se in water-sediment microcosms under microaerobic conditions was measured to evaluate first-order kinetics of Se transportation and transformation. The microcosm consisted of a 10-ml solution containing 1mM soluble Se as selenate (Se6+) or selenite (Se4+) and 8 g wet sediment that was free from Se contamination, sampled from the Senri, Yamato, or Yodo Rivers in Osaka, Japan. Stepwise reaction coefficients describing transportation and transformation were determined using an inverse method on this model which includes: selenate (Se(W)6+) and selenite (Se(W)4+) in ponded water; selenate (Se(S)6+) and selenite (Se(S)4+), elemental Se (Se0), organic Se (Se2-) in sediment; and gaseous Se (DMSe). During this 1-month experiment, soluble Se was transported from ponded water to the sediment and Se was transformed sequentially to other Se species through biochemical reactions. Experimental and kinetic analyses indicated quantitatively that the Yamato River microcosm, with its high organic matter content, had a high adsorption rate of soluble Se. The Yodo River microcosm had a low adsorption rate for Se6+ and a low Se reduction rate. The Senri River microcosm had an apparent high volatilization rate of DMSe. The model developed in this study is extremely useful for predicting fate of Se in aquatic environment in the field. 相似文献
59.
Tatsunori Yamagishi Tomoyuki Miyazaki Kazuyuki Akiyama Masatoshi Morita Junichi Nakagawa Shozo Horii Seiji Kaneko 《Chemosphere》1981,10(10):1137-1144
This paper describes the analyses of polychlorinated dibenzodioxins, dibenzofurans, and related compounds in diphenyl ether herbicides, CNP, NIP, and X-52. The levels of tetra-, penta-CDDs, and tetra-CDFs were about 150, 30, and 15 ppm, respectively in CNP formulations. NIP and X-52 contained lower chlorine alalogs. Isomer distribution of PCDDs in CNP agreed with an estimate from the reaction of chlorophenols. Freshwater fish samples heavily contaminated with CNP in the application season also contained 0.2 ppb of 1,3,6,8-tetra-CDD. 相似文献
60.
Allan T. Bombard M.D. Sachiko Nakagawa Carolyn D. Runowicz Brian L. Cohen Magdy S. Mikhail Harold M. Nitowsky 《黑龙江环境通报》1994,14(12):1155-1157
We present two cases of abdominal pregnancy identified in our maternal serum screening programme—an additional, as yet unreported benefit of AFP+ (multiple analyte) maternal serum oncofetal antigen screening in pregnancy. 相似文献