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671.
采用垂直流人工湿地模拟装置对新疆油田外排含盐稠油废水进行了处理。实验表明:对于进水CODCr为402~406mg/L,盐度5701~5712mg/L,石油类40.62mg/L的含盐稠油废水,该系统的出水指标为CODCr35~38mg/L,盐度1535~1542mg/L,湿地系统对CODCr和盐分的去除率达到91%和73%;当水力停留时间为11d以上,出水石油类<5mg/L,处理后出水CODCr、石油类达到《污水综合排放标准》(GB8978-1996)的一级标准。 相似文献
672.
673.
Fang Fang Yan Yang Jinsong Guo Hong Zhou Chuan Fu Zhe Li 《Frontiers of Environmental Science & Engineering in China》2011,5(3):426-434
Three-dimensional fluorescence spectroscopy was used to investigate the fluorescent properties of soil dissolved organic matter
(DOM) in the water-level-fluctuation zone (WLFZ) of Kai County, Three Gorges Reservoir (TGR). Most of the soil DOM analyzed
in this study was found to contain four fluorescence peaks. Peaks A and C represent humic-like fluorescence, whereas peaks
B and D represent tryptophan-like fluorescence. Peaks E and F, which represent tyrosine-like fluorescence, only appeared in
certain soils. Soil humus was the main source of DOM in soil, and higher concentration of soil DOM was found in the exposed
soil than submerged soil. Compared to the peaks A and B, the fluorescence intensities of peaks C and D were strongly influenced
by the fluctuating water level. Analysis of fluorescence intensities of different peaks in soil DOM showed that WLFZ soil
was not contaminated significantly. Soil DOM contained at least two types of humic-like fluorescence groups and two types
of protein-like fluorescence groups. The proportion of the content of peak A in soil organic matter was quite stable. The
soil DOM in exposed soil had relatively high humification and aromaticity, and periodic submerging and exposure of soil had
an impact on the humification of soil DOM. 相似文献
674.
以龙岩市新罗区特钢厂附近的Cd、Pb、Zn复合污染土壤为对象,研究HCl、柠檬酸和Na2-EDTA 3种淋洗剂对Cd、Ph、Zn的去除效果.淋洗剂浓度梯度设置为0.02~0.16 moL/L.淋洗5次.结果表明,HCl淋洗剂的适宜浓度和淋洗次数分别为0.10 mol/L和2次;柠檬酸为0.08 mol/L和2次;Na2-EMA为0.02 mol/L和1次.对3种淋洗组合的淋洗效率,淋洗成本和二次污染风险等的综合比较表明,对Cd、Ph、Zn复合污染土壤,采用0.1 mol/L的HCl为淋洗剂,淋洗2次时可以达到较好的淋洗、修复效果. 相似文献
675.
以水质监测资料为基础,采用综合营养状态指数法(TLI法)和线性插值评分法(SCO法)2种模式,相互印证并综合评价2008.5—2011.6厦门石兜-坂头水库库区水体营养状态。应用Daniel的趋势检验,对评价时段内水库水体营养状态和水质参数(总氮、总磷以及氮磷浓度比)变化趋势进行分析。结果表明:2008年5月-2011年6月期间,石兜-坂头水库水体营养状态为中营养至轻-中度富营养;在此评价期内,总磷、总氮、氮磷比值趋势变化不显著;水体营养状态变化趋势也没有显著意义,始终在中营养至(轻-中度)富营养状态区间波动。水库周边环境及水质的监管措施能否及时到位是影响库区水体营养状态变化的关键。 相似文献
676.
677.
In order to evaluate the impact of reclaimed water on the ecology of bacterial communities in the Typha angustifolia L. rhizosphere soil,bacterial community structure was investigated using a combination of terminal restriction fragment length polymorphism and 16S rRNA gene clone library. The results revealed significant spatial variation of bacterial communities along the river from upstream and downstream. For example,a higher relative abundance of γ-Proteobacteria,Firmicutes,Chloroflexi and a lower proportion ofβ-Proteobacteria and ε-Proteobacteria was detected at the downstream site compared to the upstream site. Additionally,with an increase of the reclaimed water interference intensity,the rhizosphere bacterial community showed a decrease in taxon richness,evenness and diversity. The relative abundance of bacteria closely related to the resistant of heavy-metal was markedly increased,while the bacteria related for carbon/nitrogen/phosphorus/sulfur cycling wasn't strikingly changed. Besides that,the pathogenic bacteria markedly increased in the downstream rhizosphere soil since reclaimed water supplement,while the possible plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria obviously reduced in the downstream sediment.Together these data suggest cause and effect between reclaimed water input into the wetland,shift in bacterial communities through habitat change,and alteration of capacity for biogeochemical cycling of contaminants. 相似文献
678.
建设项目环境影响评价分类管理制度明确了环评工作的内容和深度,但随着我国社会经济的发展,现有的分类管理名录暴露出一些不足之处,本文从行业细分调整、环境敏感区界定、公众参与范围确定、简化要求制定等方面对环境影响评价的分类管理制度进行探讨,并提出相关建议,以供决策者参考。 相似文献
679.
通过模拟试验研究了杀螨剂克螨特、霸螨灵及其混剂速霸螨(霸螨灵:克螨特=1:3)对土壤呼吸作用的影响.结果表明,克螨特、霸螨灵及其混剂对土壤的呼吸作用均有一定的影响,表现为各浓度处理对土壤呼吸作用均具有抑制作用,且浓度越高抑制越明显.统计分析表明霸螨灵、克螨特及其混剂各浓度处理对土壤微生物的活动没有明显的影响.采用危害系数法来评价克螨特、霸螨灵及其混剂速霸螨的危害程度,各处理浓度的霸螨灵、霸螨灵及其混剂速霸螨的危害系数均不超过20,亦表明霸螨灵、霸螨灵及其混剂速霸螨对土壤微生物均属于低毒级或无实际危害级的农药. 相似文献
680.
Binghui Zheng Xiaolei Liu Rui Guo Qing Fu Xingru Zhao Shanjun Wang Sheng Chang Xing Wang Mengjiao Geng Guang Yang 《环境科学学报(英文版)》2017,29(11):97-109
In this work, a method was developed and optimized for the analysis of polyfluoroalkyl and/or perfluoroalkyl substances(PFASs) content in surface water and sediment samples with high instrumental response and good separation. Surface water and sediment samples were collected from the Yangtze River Delta(YRD) to analyze the distribution characteristics of perfluoroalkyl carboxylic acids(PFCAs), perfluoroalkane sulfonic acids(PFSAs), perfluoroalkyl phosphonic acids(PFPAs), perfluoroalkyl phosphinic acids(PFPiAs), and polyfluoroalkyl phosphoric acid diesters(di PAPs). The results showed that the total concentrations of PFCAs and PFSAs in YRD varied from 31 to 902 ng/L. PFCAs(≥ 11 carbons) and PFSAs(≥ 10 carbons atoms) were not detected in any surface water samples. The mean concentrations of all PFCAs and PFSAs in surface water from the sampling areas decreased in the following order:Yangtze river(191 ng/L) ≈ Taihu lake(189 ng/L) Huangpu river(122 ng/L) ≈ Qiantang river(120 ng/L) Jiaxing urban river(100 ng/L). Strong significant(p 0.05) correlations between the concentrations of many of the compounds were found in the sampling areas, suggesting a common source for these compounds. Only perfluorooctanoic acid(PFOA) was observed in all sediment samples, at concentrations varying from 0.02 to 1.35 ng/g. Finally, detection rates of two di PAPs were only 8% and 10%, respectively and the concentration of di PAPs was two to three times lower compared to PFCAs and PFSAs. 相似文献