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951.
为研究乌鲁木齐市米东区大气降水中的化学组分特征及来源,对2017-2019年降水中主要离子浓度及来源进行了分析.研究结果显示,米东区2017-2019年降水的雨量加权pH年均值为7.95,雨量加权平均电导率年均值为16.15 mS·m-1,雨量加权平均总离子浓度为72.75-95.89 μeq·L-1,年均浓度为81.... 相似文献
952.
For marine organisms, decoupling between the planktonic larval stage and the benthic-associated juvenile stage can lead to
variable patterns of population replenishment, which have the potential to influence the effectiveness of marine reserves.
We measured spatial and temporal variability in larval supply and recruitment of fishes to coral reefs of different protection
levels and tested whether protection level influenced the relationship between supply and recruitment. We sampled pre-settlement
larvae and newly settled recruits from four reefs (two reserves and two non-reserves) in the Florida Keys National Marine
Sanctuary, USA. Replicate point measures of larval supply over 14 months and 17 monthly measurements of recruitment varied
significantly among months and sites. Sites with the same protection level had significantly different patterns of larval
supply as well as larval and recruit diversity, but recruitment magnitude differed only by protection level, where densities
were greater at reserves. Differences in larval supply among sites included two particularly large peaks in larval abundance
at one site, possibly associated with the observed passage of small-scale oceanographic features. To examine whether relationships
between larval supply and recruitment varied by protection level, we selected one species that was present in both the light
trap samples and the monthly recruitment surveys. Recruitment of the bicolor damselfish Stegastes partitus was significantly and positively related to larval supply at three of the four sites thus, protection level did not influence
this linkage. Since local variability among sites can lead to spatial differences in population replenishment, characterization
of larval supply and recruitment to potential marine reserve sites may help to identify optimal locations in a region and
contribute to more effective reserve design. 相似文献
953.
大气降尘作为地气交换的一种重要物质,一直受到研究学者的关注.传统研究较多的是无机元素和小分子有机物,对于占干降尘有机质中相当部分的高分子有机质研究很少,因此研究降尘原样中有机大分子的组成和来源有着重要意义.用裂解-气相色谱-质谱(pyrolysis-gas chromatography-mass spectrometry,Py-GC-MS)技术对分别代表市区和郊区的五山和大学城两个采样点冬夏两季样品中的高分子有机质的组成和来源进行探讨表明,有来源于多糖类的化合物、来源于木质素类的化合物、来源于蛋白质/氨基酸类的化合物、脂肪酸、正构烷烃/烯烃以及一些不能确定其来源的化合物,其中正构烷烃/烯烃和芳香化合物是干降尘中高分子有机质的主要裂解产物.研究同时表明其来源首先取决于采样点的环境,同时也会受到气候的影响. 相似文献
954.
为探讨煤矿企业员工不安全行为影响因子的相互关系,基于行为安全模型,从管理者、班组长和一线员工3个角度进行分析,确定了对行为安全有关键影响的因子群。在此基础上,采用决策试验与评价实验室(DEMATEL)方法,研究构建行为影响因子之间的依赖关系矩阵,揭示安全投入程度、安全监管机构能力、安全处罚适当性等因子对员工行为方式的影响程度,并形成煤矿员工行为方式影响因子的四分图。结果表明:安全投入程度是煤矿员工行为方式的主要影响因子和原因因子,管理者行为影响因子均是其原因因子,管理者的行为方式对企业安全状况有较大影响。 相似文献
955.
Developing low-carbon economy and enhancing carbon productivity are basic approaches to coordinating economic development and protecting global environment, which are also the major ways to address climate change under the framework of sustainable development. In this paper, the authors analyze the annual rate of carbon productivity growth, the differences of carbon productivity of different countries, and the factors for enhancing carbon productivity. Consequently, the authors clarify their viewpoint that the annual rate of carbon productivity growth can be used to weigh the efforts that a country takes to address climate change, and propose policies and suggestions on promoting carbon production. 相似文献
956.
957.
Spatial and seasonal distribution of selected antibiotics in surface waters of the Pearl Rivers, China 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Yang JF Ying GG Zhao JL Tao R Su HC Liu YS 《Journal of environmental science and health. Part. B》2011,46(3):272-280
The distribution and occurrence of 15 antibiotics in surface water of the Pearl River System (Liuxi River, Shijing River and Zhujiang River) and effluents of four wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) were investigated in two sampling events representing wet season and dry season by using rapid resolution liquid chromatography-electrospray tandem mass spectrometry (RRLC-MS/MS) in positive ionization mode. Only eight antibiotics (sulfadiazine, sulfapyridine, sulfamethazine, sulfamethoxazole, trimethoprim, roxithromycin, erythromycin-H?O and norfloxacin) were detected in the water samples of the three rivers and the effluents. The detection frequencies and levels of antibiotics in the dry season were higher than those in the wet season. This could be attributed to the dilution effects in the wet season and relatively lower temperature in the dry season under which antibiotics could persist for a longer period. The levels of the detected antibiotics in different sites are generally in a decreasing order as follows: Shijing River ≥WWTP effluent ≥Zhujiang River ≥ Liuxi River. Risk assessment based on the calculated risk quotients showed that only erythromycin-H?O and roxithromycin detected in the Pearl Rivers might have adverse effects on aquatic organisms. 相似文献
958.
Li Y Su B Liu J Du X Huang G 《Journal of the Air & Waste Management Association (1995)》2011,61(7):771-777
To assess the effects of three types of Mg and P salt mixtures (potassium phosphate [K3PO4]/magnesium sulfate [MgSO4], potassium dihydrogen phosphate [K2HPO4]/MgSO4, KH2PO4/MgSO4) on the conservation of N and the biodegradation of organic materials in an aerobic food waste composting process, batch experiments were undertaken in four reactors (each with an effective volume of 30 L). The synthetic food waste was composted of potatoes, rice, carrots, leaves, meat, soybeans, and seed soil, and the ratio of C and N was 17:1. Runs R1-R3 were conducted with the addition of K3PO4/ MgSO4, K2HPO4/MgSO4, and KH2PO4/MgSO4 mixtures, respectively; run R0 was a blank performed without the addition of Mg and P salts. After composting for 25 days, the degrees of degradation of the organic materials in runs R0-R3 were 53.87, 62.58, 59.14, and 49.13%, respectively. X-ray diffraction indicated that struvite crystals were formed in runs R1-R3 but not in run R0; the gaseous ammonia nitrogen (NH3-N) losses in runs R0-R3 were 21.2, 32.8, 12.6, and 3.5% of the initial total N, respectively. Of the tested Mg/P salt mixtures, the K2HPO4/ MgSO4 system provided the best combination of conservation of N and biodegradation of organic materials in this food waste composting process. 相似文献
959.
Influence of vegetation on the removal of heavy metals and nutrients in a constructed wetland 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
A free water surface wetland was built to treat wastewater containing metals (Cr, Ni, Zn) and nutrients from a tool factory in Argentina. Water, sediment and macrophytes were sampled in the inlet and outlet area of the constructed wetland during three years. Three successive phases of vegetation dominance were developed and three different patterns of contaminant retention were observed. During the Eichhornia crassipes dominance, contaminants were retained in the macrophyte biomass; during the E. crassipes+Typha domingensis stage, contaminants were retained in the sediment and in the T. domingensis dominance stage, contaminants were retained in sediment and in the macrophyte biomass. Removal efficiency was not significantly different among the three vegetation stages, except for NH(4)(+) and i-P(diss). Because of its highest tolerance, T. domingensis is the best choice to treat wastewater of high pH and conductivity with heavy metals, a common result from many industrial processes. 相似文献
960.