铜仁汞矿区土壤汞污染现状调查研究

为了进一步对废弃汞矿污染区的生态环境进行跟踪调查及科学的评价,2015年通过对铜仁市废弃汞矿区周围的稻田、旱田及菜地土壤汞污染现状调查分析。采用S型随机抽样方式,并使用原子荧光光度法对研究对象进行分析。结果表明:万山镇、云场萍及路腊村汞矿区稻田土壤总汞(THg)含量平均值分别为123.75、79.33、21.89 mg/kg;其旱田土壤THg含量平均值分别为:117.20、73.34、19.90 mg/kg;其菜地土壤THg含量平均值分别为129.40、81.78、26.50 mg/kg;且,万山汞矿区甲基汞(Me Hg)含量平均值分别为6.48(稻田)、4.80(旱田)、6.40μg/kg(菜地);云场萍汞矿区Me Hg含量平均值分别为3.73(稻田)、2.47(旱田)、6.40μg/kg(菜地);路腊村汞矿区Me Hg含量平均值分别为1.92(稻田)、0.87(旱田)、2.47μg/kg(菜地)。以上结果说明万山废弃汞矿区的污染程度高于云场萍废弃汞矿区及路腊村废弃汞矿区。     

CO2 sequestration utilizing basic-oxygen furnace slag: Controlling factors, reaction mechanisms and V–Cr concerns

Basic-oxygen furnace slag(BOF-slag) contains 35%CaO,a potential component for CO_2sequestration.In this study,slag-water-CO_2 reaction experiments were conducted with the longest reaction duration extending to 96 hr under high CO_2 pressures of 100-300 kg/cm2 to optimize BOF-slag carbonation conditions,to address carbonation mechanisms,and to evaluate the extents of V and Cr release from slag carbonation.The slag carbonation degree generally reached the maximum values after 24 hr slag-water-CO_2 reaction and was controlled by slag particle size and reaction temperature.The maximum carbonation degree of 71%was produced from the experiment using fine slag of0.5 mm under 100℃and a CO_2 pressure of 250 kg/cm~2 with a water/slag ratio of 5.Vanadium release from the slag to water was significantly enhanced(generally 2 orders) by slag carbonation.In contrast,slag carbonation did not promote chromium release until the reaction duration exceeded 24 hr.However,the water chromium content was generally at least an order lower than the vanadium concentration,which decreased when the reaction duration exceeded 24 hr.Therefore,long reaction durations of 48-96 hr are proposed to reduce environmental impacts while keeping high carbonation degrees.Mineral textures and water compositions indicated that Mg-wustite,in addition to CaO-containing minerals,can also be carbonated.Consequently,the conventional expression that only considered carbonation of the CaO-containing minerals undervalued the CO_2 sequestration capability of the BOF-slag by~20%.Therefore,the BOF-slag is a better CO_2 storage medium than that previously recognized.     

Human bronchial epithelial cell injuries induced by fine particulate matter from sandstorm and non-sandstorm periods: Association with particle constituents

Epidemiological studies have demonstrated the exacerbation of respiratory diseases following sandstorm-derived particulate matter(PM) exposure.The presence of anthropogenic and biological agents on the sandstorm PM and the escalation of PM 2.5 μm(PM2.5)pollution in China have led to serious concerns regarding the health effects of PM2.5during Asian sandstorms.We investigated how changes in PM2.5composition,as the weather transitioned towards a sandstorm,affected human airway epithelial cells.Six PM2.5samples covering two sandstorm events and their respective background and transition periods were collected in Baotou,an industrial city near the Gobi Desert in China.PM samples from all three periods had mild cytotoxicity in human bronchial epithelial cell line BEAS-2B,which was positively correlated with the contents of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons and several metals.All PM samples potently increased the release of interleukin-6(IL-6) and interleukin-8(IL-8).Endotoxin in all samples contributed significantly to the IL-6 response,with only a minor effect on IL-8.Cr was positively correlated with both IL-6 and IL-8 release,while Si was only associated with the increase of IL-6.Our study suggests that local agricultural and industrial surroundings in addition to the sandstorm play important roles in the respiratory effects of sandstorm-derived PM.     

甲醇溶液中多氯联苯的微波降解

采用微波降解多氯联苯，对影响多氯联苯降解率的反应温度、反应时间、搅拌方式、试剂加入量等因素进行了考察和优化，结果表明：在反应温度为50℃、反应时间为10min、充分搅拌的条件下，溶液中多氯联苯的降解率可达99．999％。经初步分析确定，多氯联苯的降解产物为无毒的烃类、碳、氯离子和水等物质。     

玉米延迟型低温冷害的动态监测

利用东北3省51个气象站1961—2000年的资科分析了玉米延迟型低温冷害出现的频率，以及各发育期的进程与低温冷害的关系。结果表明：在低温冷害年，苗期、七叶期、抽雄期和成熟期拖后大于等于5天发生低温冷害的可能性分别为75％，89％，92％和100％。通过分析多年的分期播种资科，分别给出了播种到出苗、出苗到抽雄、抽雄到成熟的指标。根据这些热量指标和推算出的玉米的发育进程对其进行了动态监测，利用作物生长动态统计模型和生长动力模型进行了玉米生长量的计算，通过与高温年和正常年进行比较，即可对玉米生长量进行监测。     

STUDY OF THE LAW AND INFLUENCE FACTORS OF WINTER FREEZE INJURY IN GUANGXI

Thetemperatureiscrucialenvironmentalconditionforcrop'sgrowthandtoohighortoolowtemperatureisharmfultocrop'sgrowth.Guangxiliesinthetransitionbeltbetweensubtropicalareaandtropicalareawheretherearefavourableconditionsforplantingcropsandfruitsofsubtropicalandtropicalareas.Especially,inrecentyearswiththeeconomicdevelop mentofcountryandlargelyplantingoffruitsandanti seasonalvegetables,Guangxihasbecomemainfruits producingareaandcrops producingareaintropicalandsubtropicalareas.Thein vadingofcoldwaveinw…     

轮南地区奥陶系天然裂缝的发育机理及其对流体活动的控制

地下天然裂缝是导致地质灾害的主要原因之一 ,其机理研究是防灾的基础。轮南地区奥陶系天然裂缝的埋深在 5 0 0 0m以下 ,其发育受多种因素控制 ,且在地质演化过程中经历了多期发育而成 ,发育机理非常典型、复杂。笔者通过观察、描述岩心的裂缝发育特征 ,分析了深度、温度、围压等的变化以及剥蚀、裂缝充填对地下岩体力学性质的影响 ;进而建立综合数学模型 ,对裂缝发育概率分布和发育特点做出预测 ;根据计算结果 ,分析了轮南地区奥陶系天然裂缝的发育机理 ;通过天然裂缝分布与井内流体测试结果的对比分析 ,探讨了裂缝分布对地下流体活动的控制作用。     

广钢金石分公司石灰竖窑尾气除尘探讨

回顾了广钢金石分公司竖窑石灰生产的尾气除尘方法，分析了其优缺点，同时分析了双膛窑尾气除尘的成功经验，提出了解决竖窑尾气除尘的措施。     

城市火灾预测分析的灰色系统方法

指出了灰色系统理论进行城市火灾预测的合理性，并在一般灰色模型基础上，基于等维灰色递补GM（1，1）动态预测模型通过分时段比较，对某市近年的火灾状况进行了预测，结果发现分时段预测结果更精确。     

震害预测中的场地因素调整

本文针对震害预测中的普通场地，讨论了与之有关的震害影响问题。基于ＧＢＪ１１—８９规范所给地震影响系数曲线，这里讨论并得到了不同场地的地震抗力调整系数。它们与一些经验或统计的系数相近，但与之比较，场地因素的调整作用增强。初步应用表明，这个结果更接近实际，且对工程选址和勘探有一定参考价值。