传统活性污泥法工艺改造的探讨

徐州污水处理厂采用传统活性污泥法工艺处理污水，出水水质要求：CODcr≤120mg/L,BOD5≤30mg/L,SS≤30mg/l\L,为满足污水处理厂属水作为市区景观用水及下游断面达标的要求，排水指标改为：CODcr≤70mg/L,BOD5≤20mg/L,NH^ 4-N≤15mg/L.因此，须对管线予以改造，变成A／O工艺，通过小试验证明此方案可行。     

化工项目的环境风险评价探析——以甲基丙烯酸甲酯工程为例

风险评价是化工项目环境影响评价的重点工作之一,结合对MMA生产过程中工艺过程及产污环节进行解析,了解原辅料及主副产品的理化特性,通过对工程潜在的环境风险环节进行识别和风险类型确定,从而科学准确地进行风险源项分析,以故障树方式确定事故发生的最大概率,进而完成各种事故状态下的后果影响分析,并根据事故产生的后果,提出防范和减缓事故发生后的风险,从组织措施、技术措施等诸多方面提出风险管理方案和应急防范预案,来保障事故一旦发生对环境的影响降低到最小程度.     

高效液相色谱法测定多环芳烃化合物辛醇/水的分配系数及其对水溶解度的估算

本文采用反相高效液相色谱法间接测定了29种多环芳烃化合物的辛醇/水分配系数,并估算其水溶解度,所得结果与文献值和计算值基本一致。     

利用电石渣代替石灰处理酸性废液

文章介绍了一种以废治废的新工艺,该工艺利用电石渣代替石灰作为中和剂处理酸性废液,具有成本低,使用方便等特点,不仅可以节约酸性废液的处理成本,改善操作环境,而且使电石渣得到了综合利用,减轻环境污染,达到"以废治废"的目的,环境效益及经济效益显著.同时该工艺对危险废物处理广的这行也有一定的借鉴作用.     

预氧化加复合絮凝剂处理高温石油废水

采用自制ＰＣＭ２复合药剂处理含油和高分散细微悬浮物石油废水。研究证明，使用现有单一的有机或无机絮凝剂无法达到对这种具有特殊水质的石油废水的期望处理效果。在被处理水为室温的条件下，适量的ＰＣＭ２不仅有效去除水中的油，而且可以将难处理的细微悬浮物含量降到较低。在高温处理条件下，采取预氧化加ＰＣＭ２可以显著提高对水中油尤其是细微悬浮物的去除效率，处理后水质可以达到油田回注标准。     

黑褐新糠虾的急性毒性测试方法及在钻井液毒性评价中的作用

于1992年开始在青岛胶州湾西海岸采集黑褐新糠虾（Neomysis awatschensis）并进行实验室的长期驯化培养，在实验室内以4－6d的蚴虾为实验材料，研究了黑褐新糠虾的急性毒性测试方法。比较了黑褐新糠虾和美国一种标准毒性测试实验生物巴西拟糠虾的分类学地位、地理分布和形态，以及标准毒物的敏感性。根据研究结果,建议将黑褐新糠虾作为我国的一种标准毒性测试的实验生物，并将该该方法应用于钻井液及其添加剂的毒性评价，本文将报道以上研究结果及该方法在几种钻井液及添加剂中的毒性评价结果。     

Vehicle emissions of primary air pollutants from 2009 to 2019 and projection for the 14th Five-Year Plan period in Beijing, China

Over the past decade, the emission standards and fuel standards in Beijing have been upgraded twice, and the vehicle structure has been improved by accelerating the elimination of 2.95 million old vehicles. Through the formulation and implementation of these policies, the emissions of carbon monoxide (CO), volatile organic compounds (VOCs), nitrogen oxides (NO_x), and fine particulate matter (PM_2.5) in 2019 were 147.9, 25.3, 43.4, and 0.91 kton in Beijing, respectively. The emission factor method was adopted to better understand the emissions characteristics of primary air pollutants from combustion engine vehicles and to improve pollution control. In combination with the air quality improvement goals and the status of social and economic development during the 14th Five-Year Plan period in Beijing, different vehicle pollution control scenarios were established, and emissions reductions were projected. The results show that the emissions of four air pollutants (CO, VOCs, NO_x, and PM_2.5) from vehicles in Beijing decreased by an average of 68% in 2019, compared to their levels in 2009. The contribution of NO_x emissions from diesel vehicles increased from 35% in 2009 to 56% in 2019, which indicated that clean and energy-saving diesel vehicle fleets should be further improved. Electric vehicle adoption could be an important measure to reduce pollutant emissions. With the further upgrading of vehicle structure and the adoption of electric vehicles, it is expected that the total emissions of the four vehicle pollutants can be reduced by 20%-41% by the end of the 14th Five-Year Plan period.     

塔玛亚历山大藻对鲈鱼幼鱼毒性效应研究

塔玛亚历山大藻（Alexandrium tamarense)(ATHK)藻液能对鲈鱼（Lateolabrax japonicus)幼鱼（2．5cm）的存活有明显的影响，96h的半致死浓度为4000cells/mL。根据该藻PSP产毒量37．48fmol/cell（毒性为11pg(STX eq)/cell）计算，鲈鱼幼鱼的96h半致死藻毒素浓度相当于149．92fmol/L（毒性为44pg（STX eq)/L）。通过对塔玛亚历山大藻藻液各组分（都相当于8000cells/mL）：藻细胞悬浮液、去藻过滤液、细胞内容物以及细胞碎片的毒性大小比较研究，发现藻细胞的毒性作用很强，与藻液相近，细胞内容物也有显著影响，其他组分无显著的毒性作用，结果表明幼鱼摄入PS旨幼鱼致死的原因。较大的幼鱼（12cm）对有毒藻不敏感，暴露在1000cells/mL 10d后，存活率为100％。探讨了塔玛亚历山大藻的致毒机制和途径。     

基于质量守恒的二沉池一维通量模型

基于质量守恒定律,导出了二沉池的一维通量模型.模型考虑了二沉池表面积的变化,低浓度污泥沉降和区域沉降采用了Takács速率公式,压缩沉降采用了压缩沉降速率公式.结果表明,单元层的污泥质量守恒,模型在进水污泥浓度、进水流量、回流比及其组合的脉冲扰动下仍有较强的稳定性;二沉池出水悬浮物浓度与回流污泥浓度的模拟值分别为16.40mg/L与7.01g/L,和实测值范围15～19mg/L与646～8.32g/L较为吻合;污泥层高度的预测值为0.55m,与实测值0.45m较为一致同时,恰当地选取二沉池分层数和模拟迭代时间可以从根本上避免模拟失真,将二沉池分为30层及其以上可得到理想的模拟结果.     

Effect of TiO2 surface properties on the SCR activity of NOx emission abatement catalyst

NOx emission abatement catalysts V2O5 supported on various TiO2 including anatase, rutile and mixture of both were investigated with various physico-chemical measurements such as BET, NH3-TPD, NARP, XRD and so on, and the effect of TiO2 surface properties on the SCR (selective catalytic reduction) activity of V20s/TiO2 catalysts was studied. It was found that the TiO2 surface properties had strong affect on the SCR activity of V2Os/TiO2 catalysts. The stronger acidic property resulted in the higher exposure of active sites as well as the higher SCR activity.