强化循环厌氧反应器处理印染废水的中试启动研究

应用自主研制的强化循环厌氧反应器(SCAR)中试规模处理实际印染废水,研究反应器的启动特性。反应器接种厌氧颗粒污泥后启动运行83 d,形成连续内循环并实现了对印染废水处理的高效稳定运行。在进水COD浓度1 000~3 650 mg/L、系统容积负荷0.7~6.4 kg/(m3·d)条件下,废水COD和色度平均去除率分别达到55%和73%。反应器内较高浓度的NH+4-N保证了系统pH的稳定性,350~600 mg/L的NH+4-N浓度没有对强化循环厌氧反应器产生抑制作用,系统内也没有出现VFA(以乙酸计)积累。启动过程中,厌氧颗粒污泥的粒径增大、沉降性能变好。启动实验完成时,反应器内微生物的脱氢酶活性(以TF计)和辅酶F420浓度分别为3.4973 mg/(g·h)和0.1872μmol/g。     

路面径流的大肠菌群污染及其雨水花园处理

调查了上海市区路面径流中大肠菌群的污染状况,分析了径流中大肠菌群含量的主要影响因素,采用雨水花园模拟柱,考察雨水花园对城市路面径流中大肠菌群的去除效果。结果表明,上海市区地面道路径流中总大肠菌群、粪大肠菌群的均值分别为2.28×106、9.48×105 cfu/100 mL,污染较严重,径流中大肠菌群含量与气温呈正相关;雨水花园对径流中大肠菌群具有良好的去除效果,不同模拟柱平均去除率范围在92.4%~99.5%。填料深度和水力停留时间是影响雨水花园对大肠菌群去除效果的主要因素。长期运行后,填料中没有大肠菌群的积累,雨水花园对大肠菌群的去除效果可保持长期稳定。     

生活垃圾填埋场建设项目环保验收调查方法研究简

垃圾填埋场建设项目的主要环境问题包括：渗沥液排放、地下水环境污染、大气环境污染、噪声污染、景观变化和环境安全。根据工作经验,建立了包括建设项目基本情况、生态环境影响、社会环境影响、生态环境保护措施四大类调查监测指标为核心的环保验收调查指标体系,提出了文件资料核实、现场勘查、遥感调查、公众意见调查、环境监测和摄影法为主的建设项目竣工环保验收调查技术方法。     

山东省自然保护区建设与管理发展的新态势

通过对山东省自然保护区进行研究发现,山东省自然保护区建设与管理虽然在自然保护区建设规模、类型、管护能力和主要保护对象等方面取得了新的成绩,但同时也存在自然保护区多区交叉重叠、资源本底不清、管护压力大与能力不足等新问题。随着国家公园、主体功能区和生态补偿制度的实施,山东省自然保护区建设与管理应深化自然保护区管理体制改革,提升自然保护区建设质量,加强自然保护区基础设施规范化建设。     

趋磁细菌的分子生物学研究进展

趋磁细菌菌体内含有磁小体,能够沿地球磁力线方向定位、运动.趋磁细菌和磁小体的研究具有重要的理论意义和应用价值.本文对趋磁细菌及其胞内产物磁小体作了介绍,论述了该领域分子生物学方面的研究进展,包括与磁小体相关的基因和蛋白的研究、趋磁细菌遗传体系及基因组方面的研究等,展望了该领域今后的发展前景.图3表1参35     

强化企业环境监测工作的途径和方法探讨

企业环境监测工作有其自身特点,本文从监测对象、监测项目、监测职能、监测手段、监测信息处理等方面论述了强化企业环境监测的途径和方法。     

A process integration approach to industrial water conservation: a case study for a Chinese steel plant

A systematic approach to optimizing water network has traditionally been utilized to exam and plan water conservation in industrial processes. In the present case study, water-pinch technology was used to analyze and optimize the water network of a steel plant near China's Zhangjiakou city. A system design was developed and a limiting constraint (Cl(-) concentration) was identified based on investigations of water quality then the minimum freshwater and wastewater targets were determined without considering water losses. The analysis was then extended by calculating the additional input of freshwater required to balance the actual water losses. A nearest-neighbor algorithm (NNA) was used to distribute the freshwater and recycled water among each of the plant's operations. The results showed that with some reconstruction of the water network, the flow rates of freshwater and wastewater could be decreased by 57.5% and 81.9%, respectively.     

基于GIS的南充市水资源综合管理系统设计

为了实现南充市水资源的高效利用,建设一个适用于现代信息网络化的水资源实时监控系统十分迫切,具有重要的现实意义和巨大的经济价值。本文对该系统设计体系结构、空间数据、各个系统功能作了说明。     

Producing biogas from agricultural residues generated during phytoremediation process: Possibility,threshold, and challenges

In the past decades, a novel strategy has arisen, as required by time, to get a rational production of biogas from contaminated biomass, which may be, on purpose, harvested from contaminated soil phytoremediation process. The present review focuses on the possibility and potential of utilizing the agricultural residues generated during phytoremediation for production of biogas. As a general result of the studies compiled in this review, the harvested biomass can subsequently be utilized for the winning of biogas, and it provides a solution of waste disposal for phytoremediation technology. According to the analysis of previous results, not more than 1 mg/L of cadmium in fermenters shows promoting or at least no inhibitory effect on cumulative biogas yields. This strategy is promising for dealing with both environmental and energy problems in spite of many challenges in the coming future.     

Rapidly eliminating pathogenic microorganisms in large air space using spraying *OH radicals

A new method for rapidly eliminating pathogenic microorganisms in large air space using spraying *OH radicals is presented in this paper With a physical method of strong electric-field discharge, large numbers of *OH radicals were produced by the oxygen activated particles of O2+, O(1D), O(3P), etc., and the introducing reagent HO2-. The gram-positive bacteria Bacillus subtilis, the gram-negative bacteria Serratia marcescens, and Bacillus spores were used for the eliminating experiments. Results show that the different microorganisms were rapidly killed by *OH radicals with a concentration of 0.8 mg/L and spraying density of 21 microL/m2 within 4 sec. Cell morphological changes were also observed under microscope. The cells of B. subtilis and Bacillus spores in their cellular wall, cellular membrane, or cell protoplasm were greatly destroyed when being exposed to a killing dosage of *OH radicals.