Characterization of submicron aerosol particles in winter at Albany, New York

A thorough understanding of chemical composition, particle pH, and pollutant emissions is essential to address the climate and human health effects of atmospheric particles. In this study, we used a High-Resolution Time-of-Flight Aerosol Mass Spectrometer(HR-ToF-AMS)and Scanning Mobility Particle Sizer(SMPS) to characterize the composition of submicron particles. Moreover, we applied the ISORROPIA-II model to analyze the particle acidity effect on the compositional characterization of submicron ...     

我国海洋经济高质量发展指标体系构建及时空分析——基于海洋强国战略背景

通过对海洋强国战略背景下我国海洋经济高质量发展内涵的分析,构建评价指标体系,运用全局熵权法对2013—2019年沿海11省份指标数据进行研究。结果发现:①时间上,我国沿海省份海洋经济发展质量整体呈上升趋势,广东、上海稳定处于高水平梯度,河北、广西、海南持续处于低水平,辽宁、福建、天津略有变动。②空间上,从海洋经济平均发展质量看,长三角位列第一;但在增长率方面珠三角高于长三角,第三是环渤海海洋经济区。③影响因素上,环境保护力度、科技创新能力、对外开放规模,海洋新兴产业等有待提高和发展。最后针对我国海洋经济高质量发展,提出相应建议。     

我国环境中电磁场的监测方法及限值标准的发展

我国早期有些关于环境电磁场的监测方法和控制限值的国家标准已经不能适应时代发展的需要,存在诸多的不足。为了更好地保护环境,保障人体健康,国家分别于2013年和2014年发布了《交流输变电工程电磁环境监测方法(试行)》(HJ 681-2013)和《电磁环境控制限值》(GB8702-2014)。结束了在工频电磁场环境监测中无明确监测方法和评价标准可依的历史,对高频电磁场的限值也给出了更详细的规定。本文系统地介绍了我国环境电磁场的监测方法和限值标准的发展过程。     

反渗透深度处理乳品加工业二级处理废水试验研究

采用砂滤、活性炭吸附和反渗透组合工艺深度处理乳制品加工废水。深度处理后出水指标CODcr、TP和硬度分别达到10、1 mg以下和20 mg/L以下,经反渗透组合工艺深度处理后的乳制品加工废水可以达到锅炉补水,冷却循环水等水质要求。     

Removal of 2-ClBP from soil–water system using activated carbon supported nanoscale zerovalent iron

We explored the feasibility and removal mechanism of removing 2-chlorobiphenyl(2-Cl BP)from soil–water system using granular activated carbon(GAC) impregnated with nanoscale zerovalent iron(reactive activated carbon or RAC).The RAC samples were successfully synthesized by the liquid precipitation method.The mesoporous GAC based RAC with low iron content(1.32%) exhibited higher 2-Cl BP removal efficiency(54.6%) in the water phase.The result of Langmuir–Hinshelwood kinetic model implied that the different molecular structures between 2-Cl BP and trichloroethylene(TCE) resulted in more difference in dechlorination reaction rates on RAC than adsorption capacities.Compared to removing2-Cl BP in the water phase,RAC removed the 2-Cl BP more slowly in the soil phase due to the significant external mass transfer resistance.However,in the soil phase,a better removal capacity of RAC was observed than its base GAC because the chemical dechlorination played a more important role in total removal process for 2-Cl BP.This important result verified the effectiveness of RAC for removing 2-Cl BP in the soil phase.Although reducing the total RAC removal rate of 2-Cl BP,soil organic matter(SOM),especially the soft carbon,also served as an electron transfer medium to promote the dechlorination of 2-Cl BP in the long term.     

Reversibility of the structure and dewaterability of anaerobic digested sludge

The reversibility of the structure and dewaterability of broken anaerobic digested sludge(ADS)is important to ensure the efficiency of sludge treatment or management processes.This study investigated the effect of continuous strong shear(CSS)and multipulse shear(MPS)on the zeta potential,size(median size,d_(50)),mass fractal dimension(D_F),and capillary suction time(CST)of ADS aggregates.Moreover,the self-regrowth(SR)of broken ADS aggregates during slow mixing was also analyzed.The results show that raw ADS with d_(50) of 56.5μm was insensitive to CSS–SR or MPS–SR,though the size slightly decreased after the breakage phase.For conditioned ADS with d_(50) larger than 600μm,the breakage in small-scale surface erosion changed to large-scale fragmentation as the CSS strength increased.In most cases,after CSS or MPS,the broken ADS had a relatively more compact structure than before and d_(50) is at least 200μm.The CST of the broken fragments from optimally dosed ADS increased,whereas that corresponding to overdosed ADS decreased.MPS treatment resulted in larger and more compact broken ADS fragments with a lower CST value than CSS.During the subsequent slow mixing,the broken ADS aggregates did not recover their charge,size,and dewaterability to the initial values before breakage.In addition,less than 15%self-regrowth in terms of percentage of the regrowth factor was observed in broken ADS after CSS at average velocity gradient no less than 1905.6 sec~(-1).     

钙、镁离子在水流作用下对铜绿微囊藻生长的影响

为了解在"引江济太"过程中大量钙、镁离子的引入对铜绿微囊藻生长的影响,本实验在控制温度和光照条件下,室内模拟不同钙、镁离子浓度在两个特征流速5 cm/s和15 cm/s下微囊藻的生长。实验结果表明,微囊藻藻密度随钙、镁离子浓度的增加而增加,流速在15cm/s下微囊藻最大藻密度(9 236.4×104cell/mL)是流速为5 cm/s下最大藻密度(2 873.72×104cell/mL)的3倍,流速为15 cm/s下微囊藻最大比增长速率均较5 cm/s下的高。这可能是在水流产生的剪切力作用下藻细胞胞外多糖增加,粘附更多的钙、镁离子更利于钙、镁离子迁移到胞内,同时胞外附着的钙、镁离子尤其钙离子形成桥联,使微囊藻细胞形成群体产生微环境利于微囊藻的生长。水流对微囊藻利用钙、镁离子有重要的影响,这为有效调水抑制蓝藻生长提供科学依据。     

UV185+254nm辐照下MnOx-TiO2分解甲醛与臭氧的机理

为提高185nm真空紫外光下甲醛与副产物臭氧的分解效率,以MnOx-TiO2复合催化剂取代TiO2光催化剂,发现甲醛与臭氧的转化率分别从44.7%和38.7%提高到77.5%和96.8%.研究比较了真空紫外光下和暗态下(加臭氧)甲醛与臭氧在MnOx-TiO2催化剂上的分解性能,及UV254nm下光催化分解甲醛的效率.结果表明,真空紫外光下气相活性氧物种的氧化与MnOx表面的臭氧催化氧化过程是甲醛分解的主要途径,而MnOx-TiO2上光催化氧化甲醛效率很低;副产物臭氧主要于MnOx表面活性位上由热催化分解.用真空紫外光辐照MnOx-TiO2催化剂,可提高MnOx催化分解臭氧的稳定性.     

基于模糊数学方法的资源类企业环境绩效评价——以兰花科创为例

文章阐述了现有环境绩效计量模型的不足,分析统计了国内外有关环境绩效评价的研究成果及手册、指南和法规中高频指标,在此基础上结合环境指标和财务指标建立了资源企业环境绩效评价体系,运用层次分析法和模糊数学的方法对兰花科创进行实证研究,得出其综合评价结果为82.558分,应控制用水量和减少烟尘的排放。以期将企业为环境所作的贡献量化,促进可持续发展战略在企业的具体实践。     

煤液化催化剂生产废水处理工艺设计和运行

采用斜板沉降-流砂过滤-蒸发器-结晶器工艺来处理煤液化催化剂生产废水。本文对该项目的催化剂生产废水处理工艺路线进行了详细介绍,并对实际生产期间的运行数据做了总结分析。通过运行数据表明:该工艺线路技术可靠,产品水的各项指标均能稳定达到再生水用作工业用水水源的水质标准,满足了生产回用的目的,且能够实现长期连续稳定运行。