Daily Bank Erosion Rates in the Lower Yellow River Before and After Dam Construction

During the period of water impoundment and sediment detention of the Sanmenxia Reservoir, riverbank erosion processes played a key role in the channel evolution of the Lower Yellow River (LYR). However, research into bank erosion rates of the LYR has been neglected due to the lack of direct field monitoring. In this study, an indirect method is proposed to determine bank erosion rates at daily time scales by outlining a detailed calculation procedure using measured hydrological data. A total of 810 data points of daily bank erosion rates before and after the construction of Sanmenxia Dam was calculated at seven hydrometric sections along the LYR, with the corresponding values of the bank stability coefficient and the width‐to‐depth ratio also being calculated. Empirical relations were then developed to estimate the daily bank erosion rates, using these parameters at the sections. Temporal and spatial variability in daily bank erosion rates in the LYR before and after dam construction were also investigated, revealing that: (1) the bank erosion rates had a mean value of 16.7‐29.1 m/day in the braided reach, with a maximum value of 290.0 m/day, while they were relatively low in the meandering reach, with a mean value of 2.5 m/day; (2) the erosion rates before dam construction were slightly greater than those after dam construction, with the difference reaching 5‐10 m/day in the braided reach, decreasing in the transitional reach gradually, and being slight in the meandering reach.     

地下工程建筑企业事故统计分析

事故统计分析是企业安全生产管理中的重要部分.讨论了建筑企业生产安全事故统计分析中遇到的事故分类方法,并对事故统计指标作了分析.以广州市某地下工程有限公司2003-2007年间的原始数据资料为例,对企业事故进行了统计分析,最后提出了改进安全管理的几点意见.     

企业料场喷淋抑尘系统

针对某球团厂料场在堆、取料时产生的扬尘,采用先进的喷雾重力降尘技术和PLC控制技术,对料场进行定点、定时、定量喷淋,抑尘效果显著.     

光伏企业低碳发展目标指标和实施路径研究

企业低碳发展是实现低碳经济的重要途径，有助于企业降低生产和运营成本，提升企业竞争力。结合国内外企业低碳发展经验和国内低碳发展政策背景，以光伏企业为案例，通过调查企业碳排放数据，建立企业低碳发展目标和关键目标指标体系，研究了企业低碳发展的实施路径，并提出企业低碳发展的建议和思考。     

新农村建设中“三合一”场所火灾隐患的成因及整治措施探讨

"三合一"场所因其复杂的使用性质、混乱的管理模式和严重的火灾安全隐患,已经成为新农村消防建设中的突出问题。本文结合新农村"三合一"场所的实际情况,分析了其火灾隐患的成因,并有针对性地提出了具体的整治措施。     

某热电厂灰坝工程坝坡稳定性分析

某热电厂灰坝由粘聚力较小的石渣填筑,而粘聚力较小的砂粘土、砂土、砾石、碎石等筑成的土坡、大坝,边坡破坏时其破裂面近似平面,在横断面上近似直线.利用此理论,在有渗水和无渗水作用时对该灰坝外侧坝坡进行稳定性分析.     

长江宜昌江段几种鱼类体中六六六、滴滴涕的残留水平

利用毛细管电子捕获气相色谱法测定了长江宜昌江段采集的几种鱼样组织内六六六(HCHs)、滴滴涕(DDTs)的残留量.结果表明,在鱼体肌肉、脂肪和肝脏这三种组织中,HCHs、DDTs主要蓄积在鱼体肝脏,其次是脂肪组织,肌肉组织中残留量较低.鱼体肌肉组织中HCHs残留量低于0.5 ng/g,肝脏中的HCHs是其脂肪组织的2倍,最高为27.6 ng/g,主要为悛睭CH所贡献,猹睭CH和洫睭CH未检出.DDTs在鱼体肌肉、脂肪和肝脏组织中的残留量分别为0.4～14.8、12.5～147、33.4～286 ng/g.鱼体组织中DDTs主要以p,p′-DDE的形式存在,p,p′-DDE残留量占∑DDTs的70%左右.与国内外不同水域的鱼体中HCHs、DDTs残留量相比较,长江宜昌江段鱼体肌肉中HCHs和DDTs残留水平较低.     

基于高程的环境库兹涅茨曲线实证分析

本文利用GIS的空间分析技术。以高程带为取样单元。研究在高程带上三种主要的大气污染物与经济发展之间的定量关系。以重庆市为例,验证环境库兹涅茨在高程上是否存在。研究结果发现。污染物浓度随高程的增加呈非单调下降的趋势。人均GDP随高程的增加先增大后减小。在高程上。污染物浓度与经济发展之间的关系和两者在时间序列和国别（或地区）序列上环境库兹涅茨曲线研究的结论相似。其中。TSP和NOx分别与人均GDP之间呈较稳定的呈“N”形和饲“U”形关系。受人口密度和高程影响较大；而SO2与人均GDP之间关系不稳定。     

上海市郊区农业土地流转类型与土地利用变化响应差异性研究

在对农业用地流转机制进行深入分析的基础上，将农业土地流转市场划分为三种类型：政府引导型、集体推动型和农户主导型。进而结合农户调查数据，通过建立农业土地非耕地化流转的驱动力模型。分析不同类型的农业土地流转市场对于耕地利用变化的影响。模型运行结果表明：政府引导的农业土地流转导致耕地面积大幅减少，集体推动的流转有利于提高耕地利用效率。农户主导的农业土地流转促使了粮食作物种植面积的减少。最后以模型运行结果为依据，从保护农民土地权益、维持耕地总量平衡的角度提出相关建议。     

Study on Simulating Spatial Distribution and Varying Patterns of Urumqi＇s Population

In this paper, an approach to simulate the spatial distribution of urban population is proposed using urban land use and population statistical data through the geographical information systems （GIS）. Then, the spatial population distribution of Urumqi as a case is simulated by the approach mentioned above and its varying patterns are analyzed by the raster population surface. As a result, producing raster population surface is more accurate and natural than the traditional choropleth map of population density. Concerning the spatial population distribution of Urumqi, the population density declines from south to north and the population distribution mainly presents＇ ＂T-type＂, the population distribution presents multicentre agglomeration and the population distribution of the districts shows different features. The population density varies significantly with the increase in the distance from central business district （CBD）. Finally, it is found in this paper that the development history of districts, terrain and traffic road are main factors that have an influence Urumqi＇s population distribution. This paper tries to provide more accurate population data for the plan and management of urban land, traffic and public facilities in order to enrich the researches on urban population distribution.