某化工厂离子膜烧碱工程危险因素辨识与应急预案

分析并指出了湖北某化工厂离子膜烧碱工程项目生产过程中可能出现的危险有害因素．在此基础上提出了编制应急预案的具体内容。     

一株高产油脂丝状真菌的形态学及rDNA-ITS2分子鉴定

从采集的土样中分离获得45株产油脂菌株,其中丝状真菌7-4的原始油脂含量最高,达到46.80%.分别采用传统形态学鉴定方法及rDNA-ITS2序列克隆进行鉴定.形态学鉴定的结果初步表明该真菌为卷枝毛霉(Mucorcircinelloides),采用rDNA-ITS2序列进行复核表明该菌与卷枝毛霉(M.circinelloides)同源性为98.00%,而与易脆毛霉(M.fragilis)同源性达到100.00%.从构建的系统进化树中可以看出,该菌与易脆毛霉共同构成一个分支,并与卷枝毛霉聚成一大枝.结合形态学鉴定的结果确定菌株7-4为易脆毛霉(M.fragilis).其脂肪酸组成与植物相似,以棕榈酸、亚油酸、油酸为主,不饱和脂肪酸含量达91.77%.     

基于硫酸自由基的高级氧化技术研究及应用进展

由于硫酸自由基(SO4-.)具有很高的氧化还原电位,过硫酸盐(S2O82-)活化高级氧化技术作为一种新型氧化技术在环境工程领域具有巨大应用潜能。介绍了热活化、光活化、过渡金属离子三种活化过硫酸盐产生SO4-.的方式,在环境保护方面的现状研究与应用进展,主要涉及受有机污染土壤和地下水的修复、难降解有机废水和废气的处理,阐述了SO4-.高级氧化技术处理各种有机污染物的机理,指出了基于SO4-.的高级氧化技术在处理应用中存在的局限性和未来发展方向。     

公路路网建设项目声环境影响评价研究

以甘肃省某市新区基础设施建设中的路网建设为例,根据公路路网的交通参数、道路地形地貌条件、路面设施等,利用导则推荐模式预测路网噪声贡献值。该新区路网中道路距离多在500m以上,不论道路平行还是相交,噪声影响以主干道为主,以次干道为辅,相互影响;根据路网噪声环境影响的特点,提出切实可行的声环境影响减缓措施。     

嘉陵江重庆段DOM三维荧光光谱的平行因子分析

应用平行因子分析法对2010年6月嘉陵江重庆段水体13个取样点DOM(溶解性有机质)的三维荧光光谱进行指纹识别.结果表明,嘉陵江重庆段水体可识别出4类5个荧光组分,包括类富里酸荧光组分C1(250、320 nm/400 nm)和C4(230、340nm/450 nm)、类腐殖酸荧光组分C2(260、360 nm/450 nm)、浮游生物产生的荧光组分C3(260 nm/380 nm)和类蛋白物质荧光组分C5(280 nm/330 nm).它们的贡献率依次为类富里酸18%～38%,类腐殖酸11%～18%,浮游植物8%～22%,类蛋白物质33%～49%.嘉陵江重庆段水体的有机物污染主要以来自工业、生活污水和其他人为活动产生的陆源污染输入为主,其次是浮游植物和水体微生物代谢产生的污染.13个取样点的总荧光强度在空间分布上由西到东呈"升高—降低—升高—降低"的趋势.      

基于突变级数法的企业应急动态能力评价研究

针对企业开展应急能力评价不够科学、合理的问题,在相关理论研究基础上,提出1种将突变级数方法和动态能力理论相结合的企业应急能力评价方法。基于突变级数方法,构建企业应急能力的突变评价模型;采用动态能力理论,从感知、整合、重构和学习4个方面建立企业应急动态能力评价指标体系,给出具体评价步骤;改进评价方法并进行实例分析。研究结果表明:该方法对评价企业应急动态能力具有一定的参考价值。     

钢铁联合企业氮氧化物排放研究

以某钢铁联合企业氮氧化物(NOx)主要固定排放点源为研究对象,对其2010年NOx排放情况进行调研,核算NOx排放量及各生产环节各生产设备的NOx排污系数.同时,结合目前国内外NOx减排控制技术与各厂减排潜力,提出适用的NOx减排控制管理措施及建议,为“十二五”期间钢铁企业进一步开展NOx减排控制工作提供思路和途径.     

Application of FeIII-TAML/H2O2 system for treatment of fluoroquinolone antibiotics

Over the recent past, fluoroquinolone antibiotics (FQs) have raised extensive attention due to their potential to induce the formation of resistance genes and “superbugs”, thus various advanced oxidation techniques have been developed to eliminate their release into the environment. In the present study, the prototype tetraamido macrocyclic ligand (Fe^III-TAML)/hydrogen peroxide (H₂O₂) system is employed to degrade FQs (i.e., norfloxacin and ciprofloxacin) over a wide pH range (i.e., pH 6-10), and the reaction rate increases with the increase in pH level. The effect of dosage of Fe^III-TAML and H₂O₂ on the degradation of FQs is evaluated, and the reaction rate is linearly correlated with the added amount of chemicals. Moreover, the impact of natural organic matters (NOM) on the removal of FQs is investigated, and the degradation kinetics show that both NOM type and experimental concentration exhibit negligible influence on the oxidative degradation of selected antibiotics. Based on the results of liquid chromatography-high resolution mass spectrometry and theoretical calculations, the reaction sites and pathways of FQs by Fe^III-TAML/H₂O₂ system are further predicted and elucidated.     

Development of Hybrid Film Based on Carboxymethyl Chitosan-Gum Arabic Incorporated Citric Acid and Polyphenols from Cinnamomum camphora Seeds for Active Food Packaging

Journal of Polymers and the Environment - In this study, carboxymethyl chitosan with gum Arabic (CG) based novel functional films containing Cinnamomum camphora seeds extract (CCSE) at varying...     

Antibiotic resistance genes in manure-amended paddy soils across eastern China: Occurrence and influencing factors

• Manure fertilization resulted in antibiotic residues and increased metal contents. • The tet and sul genes were significantly enhanced with manure fertilization. • Soil physicochemical properties contributed to 12% of the variations in ARGs. • Soil metals and antibiotics co-select for ARGs. Pig manure, rich in antibiotics and metals, is widely applied in paddy fields as a soil conditioner, triggering the proliferation of antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) in soil. However, comprehensive studies on the effects of manure fertilization on the abundance of ARGs and their influencing factors are still insufficient. Here, pig manure and manure-amended and inorganic-amended soils were collected from 11 rice-cropping regions in eastern China, and the accumulation of antibiotics, metals, and ARGs was assessed simultaneously. The results showed that manure fertilization led to antibiotic residues and increased the metal content (i.e., Zn, Cu, Ni, and Cr). Tetracycline and sulfonamide resistance genes (tetM, tetO, sul1, and sul2) were also significantly enhanced with manure fertilization. According to variance partitioning analysis, the most important factors that individually influenced ARGs were soil physicochemical properties, accounting for 12% of the variation. Significant correlations between soil nutrients and ARGs indicated that manure application enhanced the growth of resistant microorganisms by supplying more nutrients. Metals and antibiotics contributed 9% and 5% to the variations in ARGs, respectively. Their co-occurrence also increased the enrichment of ARGs, as their interactions accounted for 2% of the variation in ARGs. Interestingly, Cu was significantly related to most ARGs in the soil (r = 0.26–0.52, p<0.05). Sulfapyridine was significantly related to sul2, and tetracycline resistance genes were positively related to doxycycline. This study highlighted the risks of antibiotic and ARG accumulation with manure fertilization and shed light on the essential influencing factors of ARGs in paddy soils.