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根据Ensembl、Genbank登录的鱼类cat、gapdh和gst基因的CDS序列设计普通PCR扩增引物,寻找食蚊鱼的cat、gapdh和gst基因的c DNA片段,并根据定量引物设计要求设计出相应的SYBR Green I荧光定量RT-q PCR引物,建立了食蚊鱼cat、gapdh和gst基因的SYBR Green I荧光定量RT-q PCR方法。该方法在104~108数量级范围内有良好线性关系(R=0.999~1.000);熔解曲线显示扩增产物特异性良好,均为单一峰值;质粒标准品最高浓度与最低浓度的批内试验变异系数与批间试验变异系数均低于2%。利用该方法监测和评价环境污染物对水生生物的影响,选择了水体中常见典型药物污染物——双氯芬酸,研究其对食蚊鱼抗氧化基因表达的影响。结果表明,雌性食蚊鱼暴露在不同浓度双氯芬酸钠(0.005、0.05、0.5和5 mg·L-1)24 h后,其肝脏cat、gapdh和gst的mRNA呈现显著变化,相对于对照组,在低浓度0.005 mg·L-1时,cat与gst mRNA的表达量均有极显著上升(p0.01),而其它浓度均极显著下降(p0.01)。试验表明该方法具有快速、精确、灵敏度高的优点,可为利用该类小型鱼类的原位污染物的生物监测和生态毒理评价提供有力的技术支持。 相似文献
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Linwei Tian Qing Lan Dong Yang Xingzhou He Ignatius T.S. Yu S. Katharine Hammond 《Atmospheric environment (Oxford, England : 1994)》2009,43(21):3352-3355
This paper reports the effect of chimneys in reducing indoor air pollution in a lung cancer epidemic area of rural China. Household indoor air pollution concentrations were measured during unvented burning (chimneys blocked) and vented burning (chimneys open) of bituminous coal in Xuan Wei, China. Concentrations of particulate matter with an aerodynamic diameter of 10 μm or less (PM10) and of benzo[a]pyrene (BaP) were measured in 43 homes during normal activities. The use of chimneys led to significant decreases in indoor air concentrations of particulate matter with an aerodynamic diameter of 10 μm or less (PM10) by 66% and of benzo[a]pyrene (BaP) by 84%. The average BaP content of PM10 also decreased by 55% with the installation of a chimney. The reduction of indoor pollution levels by the installation of a chimney supports the epidemiology findings on the health benefits of stove improvement. However, even in the presence of a chimney, the indoor air concentrations for both PM10 and BaP still exceeded the indoor air quality standards of China. Movement up the energy ladder to cleaner liquid or gaseous fuels is probably the only sustainable indoor air pollution control measure. 相似文献
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Sediments are major sinks for organic pollutants and therefore can be used as archives of pollutant history. Methoxylated (MeO-) and hydroxylated (OH-) polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDE) are of increasing concern because of their potential toxicity and worldwide distribution. However, there is limited information on these compounds in marine environments. Here we determined the contents of nine MeO-PBDE, ten OH-PBDE and total organic carbon in a sediment core collected from the inner shelf of the East China Sea in 2009. The historical trends of 6-MeO-BDE47, 6-OH-BDE47 and total organic carbon were reconstructed. Our results show that 6-MeO-BDE47 concentrations present no significant trend from 1987 to 2005 and then increase from 2005 to 2008. 6-OH-BDE47 concentrations generally increase slightly from 1987 to the end of the 1990s and then decrease. Comparisons between 6-OH-BDE47 and 6-MeO-BDE47 as well as total organic carbon suggest that 6-OH-BDE47 is mainly from terrigenous inputs. 相似文献
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采用Building Exodus 4.0模拟软件,研究了某校园宿舍建筑火灾场景下的出口宽度,可用出口数目,可用疏散楼梯数目以及人员对出口的熟悉程度等对疏散的影响规律.结果表明,在出口宽度到达某一阈值前,所需疏散时间随其增加而减少,超过该阈值之后,继续增加宽度对所需疏散时间影响甚微;随着可用出口和疏散楼梯数目的增加,所需疏散时间逐渐减少;人员对出口越熟悉,所需疏散时间越短. 相似文献
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Qi Ye Xue Lan Zhang Lingyun 《Frontiers of Environmental Science & Engineering in China》2007,1(4):385-400
This paper reviewed recent research in environmental governance as a response to environmental challenges at various spatial,
temporal and administrative scales. It documented the shift of approach from regulation to governance, and attempted to provide
a comprehensive understanding why and how the transformation occurred. It also described major factors and forces of environmental
governance, and discussed research advance in environmental governance theory. Finally, this paper summarized recent research
findings on environmental governance in China, and listed policy recommendation for enhancing the governance. 相似文献
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