羟基自由基杀灭压载水赤潮入侵生物试验研究

采用羟基自由基对斯式根管藻、日本星杆藻、裸甲藻和细菌进行杀灭实验，确定杀灭入侵赤潮生物的所需OH^-比值浓度为0.68mg／L。当OH^-比值浓度达到0．68mg／L时，致死多甲藻(Peri.Spp)等10种赤潮生物效率达到99.8％，致死膝沟孢子、多甲藻孢子效率达到100％。试验数据表明，强电离先进氧化OH^-是治理赤潮有效、可行的绿色新方法。     

厌氧折流板反应器处理玉米秆纤维浆粕废水的研究

采用厌氧折流板反应器 (ABR)处理玉米秆纤维浆粕废水 ,研究了工艺条件和工艺特征。试验结果表明 ,在HRT为 2 4h ,OLR为 6 .5 6kgCOD/m3 ·d条件下 ,ABR能有效处理浓度为 6 5 6 0mgCOD/L的玉米秆纤维浆粕废水 ,COD去除率为 75 .1% ;ABR对负荷冲击有良好的适应性 ,且具有推流式和两相式反应器的双重特点。     

Occurrence and abatement of volatile sulfur compounds during biogas production

Volatile sulfur compounds (VSCs) in biogas originating from a biogas production plant and from a municipal sewage water treatment plant were identified. Samples were taken at various stages of the biogas-producing process, including upgrading the gas to vehicle-fuel quality. Solid-phase microextraction was used for preconcentration of the VSCs, which were subsequently analyzed using gas chromatography in combination with mass spectrometry. Other volatile organic compounds present also were identified. The most commonly occurring VSCs in the biogas were hydrogen sulfide, carbonyl sulfide, methanethiol, dimethyl sulfide, and dimethyl disulfide, and hydrogen sulfide was not always the most abundant sulfur (S) compound. Besides VSCs, oxygenated organic compounds were commonly present (e.g., ketones, alcohols, and esters). The effect of adding iron chloride to the biogas reactor on the occurrence of VSCs also was investigated. It was found that additions of 500-g/m3 substrate gave an optimal removal of VSCs. Also, the use of a prefermentation step could reduce the amount of VSCs formed in the biogas process. Moreover, in the carbon dioxide scrubber used for upgrading the gas, VSCs were removed efficiently, leaving traces (ppbv levels). The scrubber also removed other organic compounds.     

石材废水处理工程实例

介绍了石材废水集约化处理的一个成功实例,分析、总结了混凝沉淀法处理石材废水的可行性及注意事项,并通过比较得出石材废水集约化处理较分散治理具备明显优势的结论.     

Biodegradation of chlorinated solvents in a water unsaturated topsoil

In order to investigate topsoils as potential sinks for chlorinated solvents from the atmosphere, the degradation of trichloromethane (CHCl(3)), 1,1,1-trichloroethane (CH(3)CCl(3)), tetrachloromethane (CCl(4)), trichloroethene (C(2)HCl(3)) and tetrachloroethene (C(2)Cl(4)) was studied in anoxic laboratory experiments designed to simulate denitrifying conditions in water unsaturated topsoil. Active denitrification was demonstrated by measuring the release of 15N in N(2) to the headspace from added 15N labeled nitrate. The degradation of chlorinated aliphatic compounds was followed by measuring their concentrations in the headspace above the soil.The headspace concentrations of all the chlorinated solvents except CH(3)CCl(3) were significantly (P相似文献   

活性炭-双氧水催化氧化法深度处理DSD酸废水的研究

以活性炭为催化剂、H2O2为氧化剂的催化氧化技术来处理DSD酸母液树脂吸附出水。处理效果比单纯的活性炭吸附或H2O2氧化要好的多。在温度25℃，线速度0．10m／h，pH3．50，H2O2添加量0．35％，处理500mL水样后，脱色率达到90%以上，TOC去除率达到40．0％以上。     

非定态SO2制酸工艺在铅精矿烧结烟气治理中的应用

介绍了非定态SO2制酸工艺的特点、流程及其在铅精矿烧结烟气治理中的应用效果。该工艺具有良好的社会效益、环境效益和较好的经济效益，具有较高的推广应用价值。     

车内空气中挥发性有机物的研究

采用热脱附-气相色谱/质谱联用法对4辆处于静止状态下的车辆内部空气中挥发性有机物（VOCs）进行了研究,共定性检出了48种有机物,其中C6～C9之间的组分较多;并对VOCs的总浓度进行了定量,1#～4#车分别为1846、2289、1104和3146 μg/m^3;其中BTEX占VOCs总量的20%～30%;车内VOCs浓度与温度及车辆使用年限密切相关.     

等离子体发生区工作时发射特定光谱的研究

介绍了2种不同等离子体发生区和不同测量距离对等离子体发生区沿面蓝光中紫外光的波长和相对光强的影响,所测的臭氧发生量大的等离子体发生区的紫外光的相对光强高,测量距离与相对光强呈指数关系,并且等离子体发生区沿面蓝光具有光催化作用.     

Economic assessment of the negative impacts of ozone on crop yields and forest production. A case study of the estate Ostads Säteri in southwestern Sweden

Ground level ozone concentrations, in combination with the prevailing climate, at the estate Ostads S?teri in southwestern Sweden were estimated to reduce the yield of wheat and potato ranging between 5% and 10%. Occasionally, in years with the highest ozone concentrations and/or climatic conditions favoring high rates of ozone uptake to the leaves, yield loss levels above 10% may occur. Based on simple extrapolation, these ozone-induced reductions of crop yields at Ostads S?teri represent a potential total annual yield loss in Sweden in the range of 24.5 million Euro for wheat and 7.3 million Euro for potato, respectively. A simulation of forest growth at Ostad S?teri predicted that prevailing mean ozone exposure during 1993-2003 had the potential to reduce forest growth by 2.2% and the economic return of forest production by 2.6%. Using this value for extrapolation to the national level, the potential annual economic loss for Sweden due to negative impacts of ozone on forest production would be in the range of 56 million Euro (2004 prices).