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351.
YAN Yuping SHA Liqing CAO Min ZHENG Zheng TANG Jianwei WANG Yinghong ZHANG Yiping WANG Rui LIU Guangren WANG Yuesi SUN Yang 《环境科学学报(英文版)》2008,20(2):207-215
CH4 and N2O fluxes from soil under a tropical seasonal rain forest in Xishuangbanna, Southwest China were measured for one year using closed static chamber technique and gas chromatography method. Three treatments were set in the studied field: (A) litter-free,(B) with litter, and (C) with litter and seedling. The results showed that the soil in our study was a sink of atmospheric CH4 and source of atmospheric N2O. The observed mean CH4 fluxes from treatments A, B, and C were -50.0±4.0, -35.9±2.8,-31.6±2.8 μgC/(m2·h),respectively,and calculated annual fluxes in2003 were -4.1,-3.1,and -2.9kgC/hm2,respectively.The observed mean N2O fluxes from treatments A,B,and C were 30.9±3.1,28.2±3.5,50.2±3.7μgN/(m2·h),respectively,and calculated annual fluxes in 2003 were 2.8, 2.6, and 3.7 kgN/hm2, respectively. Seasonal variations in CH4 and N2O fluxes were significant among all the three treatments. The presence of litter decreased CH4 uptake during wet season (P < 0.05), but not during dry season. There was a similar increase in seedlings-mediated N2O emissions during wet and dry seasons, indicating that seedlings increased N2O emission in both seasons. A strong positive relationship existed between CH4 fluxes and soil moisture for all the three treatments, and weak relationship between CH4 fluxes and soil temperature for treatment B and treatment C. The N2O fluxes correlated with soil temperature for all the three treatments. 相似文献
352.
Effect of inorganic carbon on anaerobic ammonium oxidation enriched in
sequencing batch reactor 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
The present lab-scale research reveals the enrichment of anaerobic ammonium oxidation microorganism from methanogenic anaerobic granular sludge and the effect of inorganic carbon(sodium bicarbonate)on anaerobic ammonium oxidation.The enrichment of anammox bacteria was carried out in a 7.0-L sequencing batch reactor(SBR)and the effect of bicarbonate on anammox was conducted in a 3.0-L SBR.Research results,especially the biomass,showed first signs of anammox activity after 54 d cultivation with synthetic w... 相似文献
353.
354.
内蒙古河套灌区地下水矿化度的时空变异特征 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
利用内蒙古河套灌区义长灌域地下水水位、水质资料(1996-2005),结合地理信息系统(G IS)技术,运用传统统计学和地统计学方法研究灌域10年间地下水矿化度时空变异性。结果表明:1.灌域内地下水矿化度在1996-2005年间呈下降趋势(从1996年的8.5 g/L下降到2005年的约5.3 g/L),且变异系数不大;2.地下水矿化度的变化受降水、蒸发、地下水位和引黄水量等多种因素的影响,蒸发与地下水矿化度达到极显著相关;3.1996年和2005年两个时期的地下水矿化度的实际变异函数和理论变异函数(球状模型)拟合较好,F检验达到显著水平。Kriging差值结果显示,两个时期矿化度的空间分布差异不甚明显。 相似文献
355.
356.
Xiaoyan Shi Kebin He Jie Zhang Yongliang Ma Yunshan Ge Jianwei Tan 《Frontiers of Environmental Science & Engineering in China》2010,4(1):30-34
Oxygenated fuels are known to reduce particulate matter (PM) emissions from diesel engines. In this study, 100% soy methyl
ester (SME) biodiesel fuel (B100) and a blend of 10% acetal denoted by A-diesel with diesel fuel were tested as oxygenated
fuels. Particle size and number distributions from a diesel engine fueled with oxygenated fuels and base diesel fuel were
measured using an Electrical Low Pressure Impactor (ELPI). Measurements were made at ten steady-state operational modes of
various loads at two engine speeds. It was found that the geometric mean diameters of particles from SME and Adiesel were
lower than that from base diesel fuel. Compared to diesel fuel, SME emitted more ultra-fine particles at rated speed while
emitting less ultra-fine particles at maximum speed. Ultra-fine particle number concentrations of A-diesel were much higher
than those of base diesel fuel at most test modes. 相似文献
357.
以污泥和膨润土为原料,硫酸为酸化剂制备了酸化污泥膨润土颗粒.对制得的样品进行了比表面积和SEM等表征,并用于染料活性翠蓝的脱色.考察了pH值、投加量、反应时间和反应温度的影响,并进行了方程的拟合,计算了热力学参数(ΔH0、ΔS0、ΔG)和吸附活化能Ea.结果表明,酸化污泥膨润土颗粒对活性翠蓝的吸附量随温度和初始浓度的增加而增大,吸附等温线符合Langmuir吸附模型,其吸附动力学更适于伪二级动力学方程所述规律,吸附速率大小为313 K>303 K>293 K;吸附活化能较低,为5.52 kJ·mol-1,说明吸附过程以物理吸附为主.同时ΔH0>TΔS0和ΔG>0表明整个吸附过程活化焓的影响大于活化熵,且属于非自发反应. 相似文献
358.
Characterization of disinfection byproduct formation potential in 13 source
waters in China 总被引:3,自引:1,他引:2
Junzhi Zhang Jianwei Yu Wei An Juan Liu Yongjing Wang Youjun Chen Jia Tai Min Yang 《环境科学学报(英文版)》2011,23(2):183-188
The formation potential of four trihalomethanes (THMFP) and seven haloacetic acids (HAA7FP) in 13 source waters taken from
four major water basin areas in China was evaluated using the simulated distribution system (SDS) chlorination method. The specific
ultraviolet absorbance (SUVA254: the ratio of UV254 to dissolved organic carbon (DOC)), which ranged between 0.9 and 5.0 L/(mg m),
showed that the organic compounds in di erent source waters exhibited di erent reactivities with chlorine. The HAA7FP of source
waters ranged from 20 to 448 g/L and the THMFP ranged from 29 to 259 g/L. The HAA7FP concentrations were higher than the
THMFP concentrations in all but one of the samples. Therefore, the risks of haloacetic acids (HAAs) should be of concern in some
source waters. TCM (chloroform) and BDCM (bromodichloromethane) were the major THM constituents, while TCAA (trichloroacetic
acid) and DCAA (dichloroacetic acid) were the major HAA species. Br-THM (brominated THM species) were much higher than Br-
HAA (brominated HAA species), and the formation of Br-DBP (Br-THM and Br-HAA) should be of concern when the bromide
concentration is over 100 g/L. 相似文献
359.
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