湖长制对水环境治理效果的影响研究——以武汉市为例

湖长制是中国水环境治理进程中的重要制度创新,通过建立以党政领导负责制为核心的责任体系,落实属地管理责任,对实现湖泊水资源永续利用具有重要现实意义。使用2007～2017年武汉市环境状况公报和武汉统计年鉴数据,采用双重差分方法,探讨了湖长制对水环境治理效果的影响及其机制。结果表明：(1)湖长制显著改善了试点湖泊的综合水质,降低了污染物超标总值。上述结论在进行一系列稳健性检验后依然成立。(2)机制分析表明,环境治理投资和工业废水排放在湖长制与水环境治理效果之间起到部分中介作用,即湖长制通过促进环境治理投资和降低工业废水排放改善了水环境治理效果。(3)异质性分析表明,湖长制显著改善了高经济水平辖区和非跨辖区湖泊的水环境治理效果。研究结果为完善湖长制形成常态化和系统化的水资源管理制度,推进水环境治理体系和治理能力现代化提供了决策参考。     

利用新复合引发体系合成P(DMDAAC-AM)共聚物

采用新的复合引发体系及助剂,在水溶液中合成了分子量较高而且速溶的P(DMDAAC-AM)共聚物．着重研究各种引发剂和助剂的浓度、引发及烘干温度、反应时间等因素对聚合反应的影响,得出最佳合成工艺及配方．利用IR、透射电镜和扫描电镜对产品进行分析．     

有机热载体锅炉安全选用及安装质量探讨

通过有机热载体炉的工作原理分析,介绍了锅炉及其系统中循环泵和膨胀器的选用及安装的要求,并对有机热载体炉安装过程中质量的控制提出了一些要求.     

Preparation and characterization of β-FeOOH-coated sand and its adsorption of Cr(VI) from aqueous solutions

Batch adsorption experiments were conducted to explore the adsorption of Cr(VI) in aqueous solutions by β-FeOOH-coated sand. We investigated the key factors which affected the adsorption process such as adsorbent dosage, initial pH, initial Cr(VI) ion concentration, contact time and temperature. The uptake of Cr(VI) was very rapid and 44.3%, 51.6%, 58.9% of the adsorption happened during the first 180 minutes at 293K, 303K and 313K, respectively. The pseudo-second-order rate equation successfully described the adsorption kinetics. To study the adsorption isotherm, two equilibrium models, the Langmuir and Freundlich isotherms, were adopted. At 293K, 303K and 313K, the adsorption capacities obtained from the Langmuir isotherm were 0.060, 0.070 and 0.076 mg Cr(VI) per gram of the adsorbent, respectively. Thermodynamic parameters such as the change of energy, enthalpy and entropy were calculated using the equilibrium constants. The negative value of ΔG0 and the positive value of ΔH0 showed that the adsorption of Cr(VI) in aqueous solutions by β-FeOOH-coated sand was spontaneous, endothermic and occurred by physisorption.     

Application of Fe0/C/Clay ceramics for decoloration of synthetic Acid Red 73 and Reactive Blue 4 wastewater by micro-electrolysis

Dyes are common pollutants in textile wastewaters, and the treatment of the wastewater has now attracted much attention due to its wide application and low biodegradability. In this study, Fe⁰/C/Clay ceramics, a kind of novel micro-electrolysis filler, were sintered and employed in a dynamic micro-electrolysis reactor for synthetic Acid Red 73 (AR73) and Reactive Blue 4 (RB4) wastewater treatment. The effects of influent pH, hydraulic retention time (HRT), and aeration on the decoloration efficiencies of AR73 and RB4 were studied. The optimum conditions for wastewater treatment were: AR73, influent pH of 4, HRT of 2 h and aeration; RB4, influent pH of 5, HRT of 6 h and aeration. Under the optimum conditions, decoloration efficiency of AR73 and RB4 wastewater was 96% and 83%, respectively. Results of UV-vis spectrum scanning demonstrated that the chromophores were broken. Continuous running tests showed that improvement of micro-electrolysis system with Fe⁰/C/Clay ceramics for AR73 and RB4 synthetic wastewater treatment could avoid failure of micro-electrolysis reactor, which indicated great potential for the practical application of the ceramics in the field of actual industrial wastewater treatment.     

Data mining applications in evaluating mine ventilation system

A mine’s ventilation system is an important component of an underground mining system. It provides a sufficient quantity of air to maintain suitable working environment. Therefore, the status of mine ventilation should be tracked and monitored as a timely matter. Based on former findings and in-depth analysis of mine ventilation systems, a proper early warning model is proposed in this paper for such considerations to improve the mine ventilation safety. The model itself is comprised of two sub-models, and two data mining techniques are used to assist in building each sub-model. One is the optimal indexes selection model which applies the Rough Set theory (RS) to assist the selection of best ventilation indexes. The other is the risk evaluation model based on the Support Vector Machine (SVM) to classify the risk ranks for the mine ventilation system. Testing cases have been used to demonstrate the applicability of this integrated model.     

综合类生态工业园区循环经济模式构建

在分析综合性生态工业园区特点的基础上,从企业、园区和循环社会3个层面,构建综合类生态工业园区循环经济发展模式。以安塞工业园区为例,构建了工业园循环经济产业链系统,提出了综合类生态工业园区循环经济模式建设的具体途径。     

臭氧高级氧化协同下的造纸废水深度处理小试研究

采用"臭氧高级氧化+固定化微生物反应器"工艺对造纸废水进行深度处理小型试验,处理能力为2.4m3/d。结果表明,在系统进水COD为280～350mg/L的情况下,出水COD在50 mg/L以下,最低为42 mg/L,去除率保持在80%以上,最高达85%,色度去除率为70%～80%。出水COD满足GB 3544—2008《制浆造纸工业水污染物排放标准》要求。     

Methods to determine the mine gas explosibility – An overview

Mine gas explosions present a serious safety threat in the worldwide mining industry. Since the beginning of mining, many coal miners have been killed due to the explosions. Accordingly, on a regular basis, mine operators should get air samples from the underground atmosphere. At the same time, monitoring and tracking the explosibility of the air sample should be done as a timely matter to avoid any potential explosions. All these works can provide very important information to assist the mine operators to well understand the mine atmospheric status and its trends. In additional, when facing the coal spontaneous combustion, mine fire events, or other chemical reactions related mine accidents, determination of explosibility is a definitely significant work for the safety of miners and mine rescue personnel especially when planning and implementing any mine rescue strategies. For many years, mining engineers and researchers have developed a number of methods for assessing the explosibility of the air–gas-mixture. Their research results provide a baseline for judgments of the mine gas explosibility and in determining the extent of change. In this paper, main popular and typical methods used in mining industry to determine the mine gas explosibility are introduced and reviewed. Case demonstrations for each method are also shown and can be used to instruct readers to understand how to apply them. Finally, a brief discussion about the current methods is presented and some preliminary suggestions are also listed for the further improvements in the future research.     

城市服务业对社区环境影响及对策探讨

本文提出城市服务业在迅速发展的同时，带来了严重的环境问题。从城市服务业布局、结构、经营方式存在的问题及管理的严重滞后，分析了问题产生的原因，并就问题的解决途径和今后污染防治进行初步探讨，提出对策。