TraK装置测定废水中的BOD_5

在对废水中的BOD5进行常规分析时,采用化学稀释法操作繁琐,对稀释倍数估计易发生错误。而利用TraK装置测试样品时,无须进行稀释和化学分析。用该装置对标准样品BOD5的测定结果表明:准确度相对误差为-3.3%～4.3%,精密度的相对误差为-3.5%～5.6%。该仪器测试性能可靠,数据准确度、精密度合格。与化学法对照分析表明,相对误差都在容许范围内,即在可接受范围内。     

电力建设中的文明施工与企业安全生产

文明的施工环境是实现职工安全生产的基础,而现场文明施工管理又恰恰是施工企业的难题,所以从人机工程的角度,研究和探讨做好文明施工、创造文明施工环境,不仅是企业安全管理的一个重要内容,也是企业管理者的重大社会和政治责任的内在要求.     

长袋低压脉冲除尘器的创新与发展

依靠科技进步，应用多项专利技术，研制与开发的LFDM型长袋低压脉冲除尘器，成功应用于冶金、有色、建材、电力、机械和矿业等行业的工业气体除尘与净化；具有明显的达标排放和占地小、阻力低、投资省、运行费用少等特点。     

炭法烟气脱硫技术研究进展

炭法烟气脱硫技术经半个多世纪的发展，在脱硫剂、脱硫工艺、脱硫原理及联合脱除氮氧化物和有毒物质等方面取得了许多进展。在概述炭法烟气脱硫技术研究进展的同时，分析了制约炭法烟气脱硫技术发展的原因并对炭法烟气脱硫技术的发展方向提出了几点建议。     

多功能智能织物纳米技术

未来武装部队(AFAN)的生存能力和机动性对具有多种防护和耐久功能的轻质结构材料提出了更高的要求.例如,除了武器、化学(生物化学)鉴别和防护设备及能量系统外,士兵还要携带越来越多的通信设备.因此,制造制服的织物除了具有防护的功能外,还应具有冲击防护、化学(生物)鉴别及传感、化学(生物)防护以及能量产生及存储的功能.这样就迫切需要建立新的材料体系和方法来把物质合成与结构设计结合起来.实验证明,由电纺丝过程制造的纳米级(直径≤100 nm)纤维能实现这样的功能.这些纳米纤维类似于自然界生物体系,以等级结构被组装,最终形成线形、平面形和三维组装体系.把电子聚合物及传统聚合物结合起来,     

石油污染土壤生物修复技术的研究进展

目前对石油污染环境的治理方法有物理法、化学法和生物修复三种类型。文章综合论述了国内外对石油污染土壤的几种微生物修复方法,分别介绍了利用植物、动物及微生物进行治理的修复技术。在我国,对于石油污染的治理应更多地采用低成本、无污染、高效率的生物治理技术。     

Research on ecosystem services of water conservation and soil retention: a bibliometric analysis

Environmental Science and Pollution Research - Water conservation and soil retention are two essential regulating services that are closely related, and their relationship might produce synergies...     

Characterization of cattle fecal Streptomyces strains converting cellulose and hemicelluloses into reducing sugars

To characterize Streptomyces isolated from cattle feces for converting lignocellulose into reducing sugars, five Streptomyces strains were screened. All the strains could convert lignocellulose into reducing sugars. The strain A16 accumulate 3.3-folds more reducing sugars on cottonseed shells treated with ethanol than without the treatment (P?<?0.05). The five strains did not accumulate more reducing sugars on rice straws and wheat brans than those on cottonseed shells. Compared with A10 alone, the microbial combination of F1 + A10 accumulated 19, 61, and 25 % less reducing sugars on cottonseed shell, rice straw, and wheat bran than those by A10 solely, respectively (P?<?0.05). Further studies indicated that the activities of avicelase and xylanase were not correlated with the reducing sugar amount accumulated by the test strains. Strain A7 could produce more cellular lipids with xylose and glucose as the sole carbon sources. This study shows the potential for Streptomyces strains from herbivore feces to convert lignocelluloses into lipids and reducing sugars for fuel production.     

Research on the experiment of the enhancement removal of fine sand by hydrocyclone in sewage treatment plant

The content of fine sand (< 200 μm) in primary sludge is relatively high in Chongqing sewage treatment plant owing to the part of rainwater will be mixed with sand and discharged into the municipal pipe network. Due to the insufficient separation of the sand, different obstacles to subsequent treatment processes may increase equipment wear, reduce effective volume of the tank, or shorten the cleaning cycle. There is a common use of grit chamber for the separation. Nevertheless, the use of hydrocyclone shows an outstanding performance in cost effectiveness and ease operation. The primary sludge in a sewage plant in Chongqing was monitored, and the average concentration of total suspend solids (TSS), total sand content, and volatile suspended solid (VSS) were 40.25 g/L, 17.51 g/L, and 13.41 g/L, respectively. The size of sand in the sludge was small, and the sand below 30 μm accounted for about 70% of the total sand. It formed flocs with organic matter and was removed in subsequent process units. While the size between 30–200 μm, called fine sand, was the main separation object, accounted for about 28.5%. According to XRF and XRD analysis, the sludge composition was mainly composed of quartz (SiO₂), plagioclase (Na(AlSi₃O₈)), and calcite (CaCO₃), which were similar to the main mineral composition of surface sediments and mountain rocks in the main urban area of Chongqing. A single-factor experiment on two types (FX100 and FX50) of hydrocylones was conducted to determine their abilities concerning the separation of fine sand and enrichment of organic matters from primary sludge. FX100 and FX50 showed best performance in the case of P = 0.17 Mpa, underflow diameter (Du) = 18 mm and P = 0.20 Mpa, Du = 6 mm, respectively. The removal efficiency of fine sand by hydrocyclone FX50 was 71.39%. While, it had poor performance on organic matter enrichment and the removal efficiency of which was 17.38%. By contrast, the removal rate by FX100 reached 61.89% for fine sand and only 6.89% for organic matters detached. The superimposition effect did not appear in the serial experiments on hydrocylone FX100 and FX50, but the power is 3.5 times of that of single-stage hydrocylone FX100. Comprehensive consideration of the processing capacity per unit time and operating power, the hydrocylone FX100 was more suitable for actual operation.

     

Study on NOx removal from simulated flue gas by an electrobiofilm reactor: EDTA-ferrous regeneration and biological kinetics mechanism

Environmental Science and Pollution Research - The regeneration of EDTA-FeII is a key step in electrobiofilm reduction-integrated systems for NOx removal from industrial boiler flue gas. The...