Pt掺杂TiO2纳米管制备及其光电催化双酚A

采用阳极氧化法和光化学沉积法分步制备出Pt掺杂TiO2纳米管(Pt-TNT)电极,并对其进行了扫描电镜(SEM)、X射线衍射(XRD)和紫外可见漫反射(UV-VIS-DRS)分析。以Pt-TNT为工作电极,对双酚A(BPA)进行了光电催化降解研究。结果表明,Pt掺杂后不改变Ti O2纳米管的结构;Pt掺杂后TiO2在可见区具有更强的吸收,且其起始吸收带边出现红移。外加偏压=0.8 V、p H=4时,Pt-TNT光电催化BPA的降解率最高。     

乌梁素海湖滨带盐碱土碱化参数与特征分析

为了研究乌梁素海湖滨带,不同植被的土壤盐碱特征,测定了乌梁素海湖滨带盐碱土的碱化度(ESP)、钠吸附比(SAR)、总碱度、pH值和含盐量等指标,分析了该类型的土壤的简化特征及其垂直分布态势.结果表明,乌梁素海湖滨带土壤可溶件例子组成以Na+、SO2-4-和Cl-为主,各土层中Na+占阳离子总量比例平均多在63.6%以上...     

给水管网疏松沉积物的结构特征及其风险识别

自来水变色问题通常被视为感官问题,而导致自来水变色的管网疏松沉积物的结构特征及其潜在危害尚不明确。采集了我国北方某城市频繁发生自来水“黄水”的7个小区管网中的疏松沉积物,并进行了分析。结果表明：所有疏松沉积物样品中含量最高的金属元素都是铁元素、主要晶体成分是铁氧化物,样品颗粒微观形貌大多具有锋利的针刺状结构;样品zeta电位范围为−15~20 mV、平均粒径范围为500~4 000 nm、粗糙度范围为0.25~7.81 nm。体外细胞毒性实验结果显示,沉积物可产生一定的细胞毒性(样品浓度100 mg·L⁻¹时人体健康肝脏细胞存活率为86.61%~99.71%)。通过主成分分析发现,疏松沉积物毒性与粗糙度的相关性比与粒度的高,表明形貌对样品毒性的影响比粒径更大;γ-FeOOH是与疏松沉积物毒性相关性最显著的晶体组分,其对毒性的贡献可能是通过增加颗粒表面锋利程度造成的,余氯不足时可能会因铁释放加剧和γ-FeOOH含量增大造成更高的毒性风险。本研究结果可为全面认识给水管网疏松沉积物的风险提供参考。     

绍兴市臭氧污染特征及气象因素分析

针对日益严重的臭氧污染问题,利用绍兴市3个国控监测站点2016—2018年的监测数据,对绍兴市臭氧污染的时空分布特征进行研究,并综合考量温度、湿度、风向、风力等气象因素的影响。结果表明,绍兴市2017年臭氧最高时均质量浓度为355μg/m~3,显著高于2016年(267μg/m~3)。臭氧日浓度曲线呈单峰型特征,峰值出现于14:00左右,谷值出现于6:00左右。2016年夏季臭氧浓度最高,而2017年与2018年春季臭氧浓度最高。臭氧高值首次出现日期提前与温度有关。气象因素上,温度≥30℃,40%≤相对湿度70%,风向为东北风时,绍兴市更易出现臭氧高值。2018年绍兴市西南部臭氧浓度峰值显著低于其他区域,可能是NO_x等污染物减排后传输作用变化所致。     

Vinasse-based biochar magnetic composites: adsorptive removal of tetracycline in aqueous solutions

Environmental Science and Pollution Research - Highly efficient and cost-effective adsorbents for antibiotic removal are the key to mitigate pollution by industrial wastewaters. Pyrolyzing low-cost...     

中小型燃用烟煤层燃炉NO_x排放特征分析

以86台中小型燃烟煤层燃炉(≤65 MW)的燃料特性分析数据和NOx排放实测数据为基础,通过统计分析方法,研究了锅炉出力、过量空气系数、燃煤挥发分、燃煤氮含量对NOx排放浓度的影响,分析了我国中小型燃烟煤层燃炉NOx的排放与管理控制现状。结果表明,中小型燃用烟煤层燃炉NOx平均排放浓度为324.6 mg/m3;锅炉出力对NOx排放浓度不具有显著影响;燃煤挥发分增高,NOx排放浓度降低;过量空气系数和燃煤氮含量增大,NOx排放浓度增高;并建议在国家层面上尽快制订燃煤锅炉NOx排放标准限值。     

高压脉冲电晕法治理有机废气实验研究

介绍了采用高压脉冲电晕法去除乙醇,甲醛,二氧甲灶模拟废气的情况。实验在线一板式电晕反应器内进行,考察了电压峰值,气体浓度,停留时间和含湿量等不同因素对去除率的影响。实验结果表明能达到较好的去除效果。     

浅议气相色谱法测定有机污染物的质量保证

阐述了气相色谱法测定有机污染物质量保证方面需加以控制的一些问题。对测试结果的精密度和加标回收率等指标根据样吕的种类和测定项目的不同而定，建议尽快建立各种有机污染物的监测方法和适合我国国情的质量保证方法和控制指标。     

Assessment of surface water quality using a growing hierarchical self-organizing map: a case study of the Songhua River Basin,northeastern China,from 2011 to 2015

The analysis of a large number of multidimensional surface water monitoring data for extracting potential information plays an important role in water quality management. In this study, growing hierarchical self-organizing map (GHSOM) was applied to a water quality assessment of the Songhua River Basin in China using 22 water quality parameters monitored monthly from 13 monitoring sites from 2011 to 2015 (14,782 observations). The spatial and temporal features and correlation between the water quality parameters were explored, and the major contaminants were identified. The results showed that the downstream of the Second Songhua River had the worst water quality of the Songhua River Basin. The upstream and midstream of Nenjiang River and the Second Songhua River had the best. The major contaminants of the Songhua River were chemical oxygen demand (COD), ammonia nitrogen (NH₃-N), total phosphorus (TP), and fecal coliform (FC). In the Songhua River, the water pollution at downstream has been gradually eased in years. However, FC and biochemical oxygen demand (BOD₅) showed growth over time. The component planes showed that three sets of parameters had positive correlations with each other. GHSOM was found to have advantages over self-organizing maps and hierarchical clustering analysis as follows: (1) automatically generating the necessary neurons, (2) intuitively exhibiting the hierarchical inheritance relationship between the original data, and (3) depicting the boundaries of the classification much more clearly. Therefore, the application of GHSOM in water quality assessments, especially with large amounts of monitoring data, enables the extraction of more information and provides strong support for water quality management.     

Research on the management models of the rural primary water management from the view of public service: a case study of Zhejiang Province

The rural primary organizations of water management are the important parts of the public service system in the government administration. This paper studies several major management models of the rural primary water management in Zhejiang Province of China. The research result shows that ambiguous functions, lack of funding, and unreasonable personnel structure are the major problems of the rural primary water management. Therefore, it is urgent to improve service system, ensure sufficient funds, and qualify the population personnel of the rural primary organizations of water management.